Download or read book Developing Place of Activity Rules for the South African Value Added Tax a Comparative Research Approach written by E. Bell and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article develops a standalone place of activity section for the VAT Act to align South Africa's place of supply rules with those of other jurisdictions. This proposed legislative provision should adhere to the OECD Guidelines to increase certainty and to minimise the potential for cross-border supplies involving South Africa to be subject to double taxation or unintended double non-taxation. The article is organised as follows: section 2 considers the VAT system in South Africa in order to provide the appropriate context, followed by an analysis of the place of supply rules as they apply in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. Section 2 concludes with an initial proposed place of activity section, which was discussed with five South African VAT experts. Section 3 examines the results of the consultative process, making use of a thematic analysis of the open-ended questions. The final section (section 4) concludes with a refined legislative provision that could be used by National Treasury to introduce place of activity rules into the VAT Act as a standalone provision, in addition to the other provisions that have already been implemented.

Download or read book Tax simplification An African Perspective Edited by Chris Evans Ri l Franzsen Elizabeth Lilla Stack 2019 written by Edited by Chris Evans, Riël Franzsen, Elizabeth (Lilla) Stack and published by Pretoria University Law Press. This book was released on 2019-01-01 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax simplification - An African Perspective Edited by Chris Evans, Riël Franzsen, Elizabeth (Lilla) Stack 2019 ISBN: 978-1-920538-96-5 Pages: 347 Print version: Available Electronic version: Free PDF available About the publication Why are tax systems so complex and what are the causes and consequences of such complexity? The simplification of tax systems is one of the most important issues faced today in worldwide efforts to modernise and strengthen government finance and revenue raising capacities. Nowhere is it more important than throughout the rapidly emerging economies of the dynamic African region. This volume brings together contributions in this field from a conference held in South Africa in October 2018 and provides a unique synthesis of knowledge and understanding gained from the specialist expertise and diverse backgrounds brought to the tax simplification debate by those authors. Featured topics include: Taxpayers’ rights to simplicity The African experience of tax simplification Simplification trends among small and medium sized entities Pension tax simplification Sources of complexity in value added taxation Simplification of recurrent property taxes Complexity and approaches to international taxation Complexity and taxation of multinational enterprises Lessons from overseas. The analysis of these topics includes timely and relevant perspectives from the experience in other jurisdictions including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. The volume will be an essential reference for researchers and others interested in the field from academia, government, legal and accounting practice and public policy organisations in African and other countries worldwide.Table of Contents Preface Foreword – Tax Simplification in the United Kingdom: Some Personal Reflections John Whiting Contributors Introduction Elizabeth (Lilla) Stack, Chris Evans and Riël Franzsen Tax Complexity and Tax Simplification: A Critical Review of Concepts and Issues Binh Tran-Nam, Annet Wanyana Oguttu and Kyle Mandy The Taxpayers’ Right to Tax Simplicity in South Africa and the United States Carika Fritz and Nina E Olson The Role of the Office of Tax Simplification in the United Kingdom and Lessons for Other Countries Yige Zu and Lynne Oats An Analysis of the Tax Simplification Initiatives for Pension Provision in the United Kingdom and South Africa Bernadene de Clercq, Andy Lymer and Chris Axelson Simplification Lessons from New Zealand Adrian Sawyer, Marina Bornman and Greg Smith Legal Uncertainty in the South African VAT Marius van Oordt and Richard Krever Simplifying Recurrent Property Taxes in Africa Riël Franzsen, Abdallah Ali-Nakyea and Adams Tommy Statutory and Effective Complexity for Individual Taxpayers in South Africa Sharon Smulders, Karen Stark and Deborah Tickle Small and Micro Businesses: Case Studies on the Complexity of ‘Simplified’ Schemes Heinrich Dixon, Judith Freedman and Wollela Abehodie Yesegat Tax Complexity for Multinational Corporations in South Africa – Evidence from a Global Survey Thomas Hoppe, Reyhaneh Safaei, Amanda Singleton and Caren Sureth-Sloane International Tax Simplification in South Africa through Managing Substantive Complexity and Improving Drafting Efficiency Jinyan Li and Teresa Pidduck Bibliography Index

Download or read book Value Added Tax written by Alan Schenk and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book integrates legal, economic, and administrative materials about value added tax. Its principal purpose is to provide comprehensive teaching tools - laws, cases, analytical exercises, and questions drawn from the experience of countries and organizations from all areas of the world. It also serves as a resource for tax practitioners and government officials that must grapple with issues under their VAT or their prospective VAT. The comparative presentation of this volume offers an analysis of policy issues relating to tax structure and tax base as well as insights into how cases arising out of VAT disputes have been resolved. The authors have expanded the coverage to include new VAT related developments in Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. A chapter on financial services has been added as well as an analysis of significant new cases.

Download or read book South African Value added Tax Implications of Interactive Gambling in the Absence of Detailed Place of Supply Rules written by Lizel Rourke and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interactive gambling transactions take place over the internet, which is essentially a borderless environment. Typically, interactive gambling providers are located off-shore in tax-friendly destinations in order to maximise their profits. In the context of cross-border transactions, value-added tax (VAT) place of supply rules provide certainty regarding where a supply is deemed to take place in order to determine the correct treatment for VAT purposes. In contrast to a number of other countries, South Africa has limited place of supply rules. This creates uncertainty regarding where the activities of a non-resident supplier is deemed to take place. The absence of detailed place of supply rules impacts on the determination of whether the transaction will be liable to VAT in South Africa and also creates uncertainty regarding whether or not a non-resident is liable to register for VAT in South Africa. The main purpose of this study is to critically analyse the South African VAT implications of interactive gambling in the absence of detailed place of supply rules. This objective is achieved by analysing the South African VAT Act in the context of interactive gambling legislation to determine whether it succeeds in providing certainty regarding the place of supply of interactive gambling for purposes of the VAT Act. This analysis highlights the problems associated with the limited place of supply rules in South Africa. This study also critically analyses the legislation in a number of countries with place of supply rules from a South African perspective. The study concludes that the VAT place of supply rules in South Africa are not specific enough to create certainty regarding where the supplies of a non-resident interactive gambling supplier to a South African resident is deemed to take place and consequently whether the supply will be subject to VAT in South Africa. This may result in a failure to bring these transactions within the VAT net. The study further concludes that the place of supply rules in the European Union are in line with the guidelines issued by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) as well as recent South African case law (albeit not specifically related to the place of supply for VAT purposes), which indicates that interactive gambling transactions should be taxed where the consumer is situated. By implementing place of supply rules based on European legislation, through amending the current legislation or by issuing interpretation guidance, the problems associated with the limited place of supply rules in South Africa can be alleviated. This will also ensure that South African providers of interactive gambling services can compete on an equal footing with off-shore providers. AFRIKAANS : Inter-aktiewe dobbel transaksies vind plaas oor die internet, wat in beginsel 'n grenslose omgewing is. Die verskaffers van inter-aktiewe dobbel dienste is tipies nie-inwoners wat gebaseer is in belastingvriendelike bestemmings om sodoende hulle winste te maksimeer. In die konteks van hierdie oorgrens transaksies, verskaf plek van lewering rel︠s︡ duidelikheid oor waar lewering geag word plaas te vind om sodoende die korrekte behandeling in terme van belasting op toegevoegde waarde (BTW) vas te stel. Anders is in verskeie ander lande, het Suid-Afrika beperkte plek van lewering rel︠s︡. Dit veroorsaak onduidelikheid oor waar die aktiwiteite van 'n nie-inwoner geag word plaas te vind. Die afwesigheid van gedetailleerde plek van lewering reels gee ook aanleiding tot onsekerheid oor of die transaksies van die nie-inwoner onderworpe sal wees aan BTW in Suid-Afrika, asook oor die verpligting van die nie-inwoner om in Suid-Afrika vir BTW te registreer. Hierdie studie het ten doel om die Suid-Afrikaanse BTW gevolge van inter-aktiewe dobbel in die afwesigheid van plek van lewering rel︠s︡ krities te analiseer. Dit word bereik deur die BTW-wet in die konteks van inter-aktiewe dobbel te ontleed om sodoende vas te stel of die BTW-wet daarin slaag om duidelikheid te verskaf oor die plek van lewering van oorgrens inter-aktiewe dobbel transaksies. Hierdie analise bring die probleme wat gepaard gaan met die beperkte plek van lewering reels in Suid-Afrika na vore. Die studie kom tot die slotsom dat die huidige BTW plek van lewering reels in Suid-Afrika nie spesifiek genoeg is om duidelikheid te verskaf oor waar 'n nie-inwoner se lewering van inter-aktiewe dobbel dienste aan 'n Suid-Afrikaanse inwoner geag word plaas te vind nie. Gevolglik is daar onduidelikheid oor of hierdie transaksies onderworpe sal wees aan BTW in Suid-Afrika. Dit mag tot gevolg h?? dat hierdie transaksies moontlik die Suid-Afrikaanse BTW-net ontglip. Die studie kom verder tot die gevolgtrekking dat die plek van lewering rel︠s︡ wat in die Europese Unie toegepas word, bepaal dat inter-aktiewe dobbel transaksies vir BTW doeleindes belasbaar is waar die klient gele ︠i︡s. Dit is in ooreenstemming met die riglyne van die OECD, sowel as onlangse Suid-Afrikaanse regspraak (alhoewel die betrokke hofsaak nie spesifiek die plek van lewering vir BTW doeleindes aangespreek het nie). Deur soortgelyke plek van lewering rel︠s︡ in Suid-Afrika te implementeer kan die probleme wat met die beperkte plek van lewering rel︠s︡ gepaard gaan, verminder word. Dit kan vermag word deur bestaande wetgewing te wysig of deur interpretasie riglyne deur die Suid-Afrikaanse Inkomstediens uit te reik. Die implementering van plek van lewering rel︠s︡ sal ook verseker dat Suid-Afrikaanse verskaffers van inter-aktiewe dobbel dienste op 'n gelyke voet met nie-inwoners kan kompeteer.

Download or read book An Explorative Study written by Zendi Janse van Rensburg and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Value-Added Tax (VAT) was introduced in South Africa in 1991 by the Value Added Tax Act No. 89 of 1991 (the VAT Act). The South African VAT system is based on the destination or consumption of the goods or service supplied. The initial place where these goods and services are supplied is not taken into consideration. As a result, non-residents in some instances will be liable to register as VAT vendors and account for VAT even if they are not physically present in South Africa. The absence of place of supply rules therefore impacts on determining where a supply takes place and on the VAT registration of for example non-residents. This study aims to determine whether the South African VAT legislation, to some extent, makes provision for place of supply rules, to establish whether general place of supply rules for certain African and developed countries exist, to draw a comparison between these countries and to determine the possibility of implementing similar rules for South Africa. The study concludes that although not sufficient, the South African VAT legislation provides for certain inferred VAT place of supply rules. Worldwide, different countries apply place of supply by different means, and it is therefore not viable to combine all the various countries' rules into one set of rules for implementation in South Africa. However, in order for South African VAT legislation to be in line with international trends, the study suggests that South Africa should investigate and determine whether place of supply rules should not formally be introduced in its legislation. VAT place of supply rules is important, as introducing same will equip South Africa to better align itself with its international trading partners. It will enable the supplier and consumer to determine whether a person should register for VAT in South Africa, clarify where a supply takes place and at what rate VAT should be charged. It will also minimise confusion as to the application of VAT treatment of certain transactions and eliminate or limit the possibility of double or non-taxation that can arise. AFRIKAANS : Belasting op toegevoegde waarde (BTW) het in Suid Afrika in werking getree in 1991 deur die implementering van die Belasting op Toegevoegde Waarde Wet No. 89 van 1991 (die BTW Wet). Die Suid Afrikaanse BTW sisteem is van so aard dat BTW betaalbaar is by die uiteindelike bestemming of finale gebruik van goedere en dienste wat gelewer word. Die oorsprongklike plek van lewering word nie in ag geneem nie. Die gevolg hiervan is dat nie-inwoners in sommige gevalle aanspreeklik sal wees om te registreer vir BTW ondernemers en om BTW te betaal, selfs al is hulle nooit fisies in Suid Afrika teenwoordig nie. Die afwesigheid van plek van lewering rel︠s︡ het 'n invloed op die bepaling van die plek van oorsprong van die lewering asook die BTW registrasie van byvoorbeeld, nie-inwoners. Die studie het ten doel om te bepaal of Suid Afrikaanse wetgewing tot 'n seker mate plek van lewering rel︠s︡ insluit, om te bepaal of algemene plek van lewering rel︠s︡ vir sekere Afrika en ontwikkelde lande in werking is, om 'n vergelyking tussen hierdie lande se rel︠s︡ te trek en om die moontlike implementering van soorgelyke rel︠s︡ in Suid Afrika te ondersoek. Die slotsom van die studie is dat alhoewel nie voldoende, die Suid Afrikaanse BTW wetgewing wel voorsiening maak vir toevallige plek van lewering rel︠s︡. Verskillende lande hanteer plek van lewering rel︠s︡ op verskillende wyses en dit is dus nie moontlik om een stel gekombineerde rel︠s︡ op te stel en toe te pas in Suid Afrika nie. Om die Suid Afrikaanse BTW wetgewing egter in lyn met internasionale tendense te bring, stel die studie voor dat Suid Afrika ondersoek instel en bepaal of plek van lewering rel︠s︡ nie formeel ingesluit moet word in diewetgewing nie.BTW plek van lewering rel︠s︡ is belangrik omdat die implementering daarvan Suid Afrika beter sal toerus om in lyn te wees met sy internasionale handelsvennote. Dit sal ook die verskaffer en verbruiker in staat stel om te bepaal of 'n persoon in Suid Afrika moet registreer vir BTW, duidelikheid verskaf rakende die oorsprong of plek van lewering en teen watter koers BTW gehef moet word. Dit sal ook die verwarring rondom die korrekte hantering van BTW op spesifieke transaksies verminder en die potensiaal van dubbel of geen belasting beperk of elimineer. ♭2011, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Janse van Rensburg, Z 2011, An explorative study : place of supply rules for Value-Added Tax in South Africa, MCom dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd F12/4/171/gm.

Download or read book Implementing a Local Property Tax where There is No Real Estate Market written by Michael E. Bell and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes what was learned from a workshop held in a tribal area of Limpopo Province, which sought to assist local residents in identifying land attributes that affect the relative desirability of different plots, and to apply those criteria to selected plots as a step toward developing taxable values that are reasonable proxies for market value. Although the focus here is on South Africa, the approach and lessons learned have broader applications in other developing and transitional countries where a modern, mature property tax based on market values is not feasible.

Download or read book International VAT GST Guidelines written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Value Added Tax (VAT; also known as Goods and Services Tax, under the acronym GST in a number of OECD countries) has become a major source of revenue for governments around the world. Some 165 countries operated a VAT at the time of the completion of the International VAT/GST Guidelines in 2016, more than twice as many as 25 years before. As VAT continued to spread across the world, international trade in goods and services has also expanded rapidly in an increasingly globalised economy. One consequence of these developments has been the greater interaction between VAT systems, along with growing risks of double taxation and unintended non-taxation in the absence of international VAT co-ordination. The International VAT/GST Guidelines now present a set of internationally agreed standards and recommended approaches to address the issues that arise from the uncoordinated application of national VAT systems in the context of international trade. They focus in particular on trade in services and intangibles, which poses increasingly important challenges for the design and operation of VAT systems worldwide. They notably include the recommended principles and mechanisms to address the challenges for the collection of VAT on cross-border sales of digital products that had been identified in the context of the OECD/G20 Project on Base and Erosion and Profit Shifting (the BEPS Project). These Guidelines were adopted as a Recommendation by the Council of the OECD in September 2016.

Download or read book Value Added Tax VAT in SADC written by Hoster Bebi and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Rise of the Value Added Tax written by Kathryn James and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores one of the most significant trends in the evolution of global tax systems by asking how, within less than half a century, the value-added tax (VAT) has risen from relative obscurity to become one of the world's most dominant revenue instruments. Despite its significance, very little is known about why so many countries have adopted the VAT and, in particular, why different countries adopt the types of VAT that they do. The popular mythology provides that the merits of the VAT have underpinned its global spread; however, this book contends that much scholarship confuses the question of why the VAT has risen to dominance with the issue of what makes a good VAT. This book combines policy and legal analysis to propose a new way of understanding the rise of this important revenue instrument so as to better reflect the realities of the VATs that are actually implemented.

Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.

Download or read book An Analysis of South Africa s Value Added Tax written by Delfin S. Go and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Value Added Tax written by Alan Schenk and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book integrates legal, economic, and administrative materials about the value added tax (VAT) to present the only comparative approach to the study of VAT law. The comparative presentation of this volume offers an analysis of policy issues relating to tax structure and tax base as well as insights into how cases arising out of VAT disputes have been resolved. Its principal purpose is to provide comprehensive teaching tools - laws, cases, analytical exercises, and questions drawn from the experience of countries and organizations around the world. This second edition includes new VAT-related developments in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia and adds new chapters on VAT avoidance and evasion and on China's VAT. Designed to illustrate, analyze, and explain the principal theoretical and operating features of value added taxes, including their adoption and implementation, this book will be an invaluable resource for tax practitioners and government officials.

Download or read book Modelling Value added Tax VAT in South Africa written by Rebone Gcabo and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using SAMOD, a tax-benefit microsimulation model for South Africa, this paper examines the joint distributional impact of the increase in the value-added tax (VAT) rate and increases in benefit amounts in 2018. Although poverty and inequality did not increase overall, the poorest still saw a reduction in their purchasing power, as many of those in the lowest decile do not receive any social benefits. The paper then explores the consequences of eliminating zero-rating in VAT and using the generated revenues to finance new social benefits. The results suggest that a policy package of a uniform VAT and an expanded set of social benefits would lead to reduced poverty and inequality in comparison to the current practice of zero rating of some consumption goods in the VAT. The findings demonstrate the superiority of using direct taxes and benefits as opposed to provisions in indirect taxes in achieving redistribution.

Download or read book Swaziland written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-04-08 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.

Download or read book A Comparative Study of Effectiveness of Green Taxes in South Africa and Developed Countries written by Jonathan M. Maphosa and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Africa has been going through a series of political, economic and social changes since 1994. These changes have transformed it into a state that shows increased commitment to sustainable development. Although the country is considered as one of the largest developing country emitters of pollution, the South African government has recognised the need to move towards a low-carbon society. The country's participation in international climate mitigation bodies has seen its commitment to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 34% by 2020 and 42% by 2025. South Africa has committed to achieve these goals provided that it receives the necessary finance, technology and support from the international community. The major objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of green taxes in SA and developed countries. Four countries were chosen for the analysis in this study: South Africa, China, the United States and the United Kingdom. The study depends on secondary analysis obtained from published articles, databases and websites providing research on various organisations and government bodies. From my analysis, this study observed that many developed and developing countries have already implemented environmental taxes, and many other countries are considering similar instruments. The findings of this study are that green taxes and environmental taxes in general, are intended to protect the environment. By levying higher taxes on activities and products that harm the environment, businesses are discouraged from developing industries that destroy nature. Based on the findings, this study recommends that South Africa should address the inconsistencies in its policies across various government departments. The study also recommends the need for tax policy reconsideration so as to improve the relevance of environmental and green taxes. However, the study observed that since South Africa is still hampered by the triple constraints of unemployment, poverty and inequality, and in order to address the negative impacts of carbon taxes, it needs to put in place certain mitigation agreements with high pollution emitting companies.

Download or read book An Evaluation of the South African Value added Tax on Electronic Goods and Services written by Swabirah Thabit and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of and expansion of the internet, the fourth industrial revolution came into being. This revolution is characterised by simplified by transactions that take place through cyberspace, whereby companies do not need any physical facilities to run profitable organisations. This shift from physical trade to internet-based transactions is called E-commerce. The threat of E-commerce on the loss of revenue by governments did not go unnoticed by the tax authorities across the world. For that reason, South Africa has introduced the Electronic Regulations of 2014 in order to allow for the VAT levying on of E-commerce entities, particularly the ones base outside the Republic. This dissertation analytically evaluates the South African VAT approach on E-commerce.

Download or read book An In depth Study of Input Tax Apportionment Methods for Value added Tax in South Africa written by Hendrik Jacobus Albertus Smit and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The general mindset of most vendors is that if they have a valid tax invoice, they can claim all their input VAT. They are, however, not aware of the requirements of section 17(1) of the Value-Added Tax Act. Section 17(1) explains that vendors cannot claim all their input tax if their expense relates to both taxable and non-taxable supplies and that, consequently, input tax need to be apportioned in some or other way. There are several methods of apportionment available to vendors of which the turnover-based method is the only approved method by the South African Revenue Service (SARS) for which no ruling is necessary. This study investigates the most common methods used by vendors, how these methods function and also under which circumstances these methods are recommended. The sectors that are influenced the most by this provision in the Value-Added Tax Act are banks, universities and municipalities. These sectors have large amounts of exempt supplies but also taxable supplies with expenses incurred that cannot be allocated specifically to a certain income. Therefore, a method of apportionment should be used to allocate the input VAT. Information was obtained through financial reports and questionnaires from 29 entities in South Africa. The information was used to calculate an average percentage of apportionment in each sector and also to establish which method of apportionment is the most commonly used method of apportionment in each sector. The conclusion was drawn that there might, under certain circumstances, be uncertainty on whether some income should be included or excluded in the apportionment calculation. Under these circumstances, it is recommended that a ruling should be obtained from SARS to avoid problems in the future. Copyright.