Download or read book Design Synthesis and Structure bioactivity Characterization of Novel Carbohydrate based Polymers as Nucleic Acid written by Chen-Chang Lee and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engineered Carbohydrate Based Materials for Biomedical Applications written by Ravin Narain and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the need for a comprehensive book on the design, synthesis, and characterization of synthetic carbohydrate-based polymeric materials along with their biological applications. The first two chapters cover the synthesis and self-assembly of glycopolymers and different techniques for creating these synthetic polymers. Subsequent chapters account for the preparation of block copolymers, branched glycopolymers, glycosurfaces, glycodendrimers, cationic glycopolymers, bioconjugates, glyconanoparticles and hydrogels. While these chapters comprehensively review the synthetic and characterization methods of those carbohydrate-based materials, their biological applications are discussed in detail.
Download or read book Designer Biopolymers written by Ayae Sugawara-Narutaki and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nature has evolved sequence-controlled polymers, such as DNA and proteins, over its long history. The recent progress of synthetic chemistry, DNA recombinant technology, and computational science, as well as the elucidation of molecular mechanisms in biological processes, drive us to design ingenious polymers that are inspired by naturally occurring polymers, but surpass them in specialized functions. The term “designer biopolymers” refers to polymers which consist of biological building units, such as nucleotides, amino acids, and monosaccharides, in a sequence-controlled manner. This book particularly focuses on the self-assembling aspect of designer biopolymers. Self-assembly is one common feature in biopolymers that is used to realize their dynamic biological activities and is strictly controlled by the sequence of biopolymers. In a broad sense, the self-assembly of biopolymers includes a double-helix formation of DNA, protein folding, and higher-order protein assembly (e.g., viral capsids). Designer biopolymers are now going beyond what nature evolved: researchers have generated DNA origami, protein cages, peptide nanofibers, and gels. This book illustrates the latest interdisciplinary work on self-assembling designer biopolymers. As shown by this book, the self-assembly of biopolymers has a great impact on a variety of research fields, including molecular biology, neurodegenerative diseases, drug delivery, gene therapy, regenerative medicine, and biomineralization. Designer biopolymers will help researchers to better understand biological processes, as well as to create innovative molecular systems. We believe that this book will provide readers with new ideas for their molecular design strategies for frontier research.
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Bioactive Polymers and Surface Coatings written by Alexander John Kugel and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Poly glycoamidoamine s as DNA Delivery Vectors written by Yemin Liu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic polycations readily bind to the negatively charged phosphate groups in nucleic acids and can serve as carriers to deliver genetic materials into cells. Simplicity of use, ease of large-scale production, and lack of an immune response in vivo are the main merits of polymeric delivery. However, the lack of knowledge of the structure-biological property relationships of polymeric vectors has hampered further efforts to invent highly efficient non-viral gene delivery agents through a systematic, rational approach. In an effort to understand such structure-bioactivity relationships, a library of 20 poly(glycoamidoamine)s have been constructed by polycondensation of esterified D-glucaric acid (D), dimethyl-meso-galactarate (G), D-mannaro-1,4:6,3-dilactone (M), and dimethyl-L-tartarate (T) with diethylenetriamine (1), triethylenetetramine (2), tetraethylenepentamine (3), pentaethylenehexamine (4), and spermine (S). These polymers are of similar degrees of polymerization (11 - 14), but with varied amine stoichiometry (1 to 4), amine spacer (ethylene or butylene), hydroxyl stereochemistry (D, G, and M), and hydroxyl number (2 or 4) within the repeat units, serving as a platform for investigation of how structural variations affect their gene delivery efficiencies. Furthermore, two noncarbohydrate-containing analogous polymers have also been synthesized to elucidate the biological functions of the carbohydrate moieties. The biological properties of these polymers as delivery vectors have been evaluated and correlated to their detailed chemical structures. Examination of amine stoichiometry showed that the polymers with four amines in the repeat unit exhibited the best transfection efficiency without eliciting cytotoxicity. Examination of amine spacer showed that polymers with an ethylene spacer conveyed higher cell viability than those with a butylene spacer. Examination of carbohydrate hydroxyl stereochemistry showed that polymers with meso-galactrate (G) as the carbohydrate moiety possessed higher transfection efficiency than polymers containing D-glucarate (D) and D-mannarate (M). Examination of the effect of hydroxyl number showed that L-tartarate (T, 2 hydroxyls per carbohydrate) polymers formed smaller complexes and had higher DNase protection capability than D, G, and M polymers (4 hydroxyls per carbohydrate). Elucidation of these structure-biological property relationships clarified what structures were most promising to generate the desired properties in further exploration and rational design of glycopolyamines for gene therapy.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design Synthesis and Characterization of New Polymers for Bioanalytical Applications written by Laura Sola and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design Synthesis and Study of Novel Nucleobase Analogs written by Augusto Matarazzo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focused on nucleobase modified peptide nucleic acid (PNA) and DNA to expand the repertoire of available nucleobase analogs used in the study of nucleic acids. More specifically, we are interested in modification of the nucleobases such that they retain their ability to undergo Watson-Crick base pairing. Moreover, our goal is to modify the nucleobases in order to engender them with useful photophysical properties such that they may be used as biomolecular tools to investigate nucleic acid structure and dynamics. To that end, a derivative of 5-aminouracil (5-AU) labelled with the amine-reactive chromophore 9-chloroacridine was prepared for the purpose of investigating its potential as a base-discriminating fluorophore. This modified nucleobase was incorporated into PNA by fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-based oligomerization chemistry. During study of its hybridization to complementary DNA (cDNA), the 5-substitution was found to be thermally labile and hydrolyzed to a small degree in neutral aqueous solution, thus liberating the highly fluorescent acridone moiety. Moreover, three novel fluorescent 7-deaza-2-d́eoxyadenosine analogs were successfully synthesized via the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction of 7-iodo-7-deaza-2-d́eoxyadenosine with 1-ethynylpyrene, 2-ethynyl-6-methoxynaphthalene, and 9-ethynylphenanthrene. These analogs were photophysically characterized in dioxane, EtOH, and H2O to evaluate their potential for use as environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes. All three analogs displayed high solvatofluorochromicity in H2O, relative to their emission wavelengths in dioxane and EtOH. Moreover, all three analogs exhibited moderate to high fluorescence quantum yields in dioxane and EtOH, and significantly lower fluorescence quantum yields in H2O, indicating that these analogs display microenvironment sensitivity. Furthermore, the synthesis towards a novel tricyclic adenine analog was attempted by extending the substrate scope of the Sonogashira cross-coupling/heteroannulation chemistry developed in the Hudson groupfor cytidine analogs to adenine analogs. However, unlike the cytidine scaffold, the 7-deazaadenine substrate did not cyclize under the Sonogashira cross-coupling/heteroannulation reaction conditions to give the tricyclic adenine and the straight cross-coupled product was obtained in moderate yield. Lastly, an intrinsic nucleobase quencher was synthesized via the azo coupling reaction between 5-diazouracil and N, N-dimethylaniline. Fluorescence quenching experiments were performed between the nucleobase quencher and the fluorophores phenylpyrrolocytidine (pC), and pyrene to determine viable FRET pairs for use in molecular beacon constructs.
Download or read book Design Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Functional Rod like and Disc shaped Molecules written by Wenmiao Shu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Book of Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbohydrate Mimics written by Yves Chapleur and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 1998-09-10 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbohydrate Mimics Concepts and Methods Edited by Yves Chapleur Apart from the various functions of carbohydrates in natural processes they are important building blocks for drugs, especially antibiotics. In addition, carbohydrates are considered as important structures in the immunological recognition process of the antigen-antibody reaction. The modification of the structure and thereby the chemistry of substrates is a common procedure in nature. This naturally occurring process is reflected in the concept of molecular mimicry, which has become a useful approach in drug discovery. The search for carbohydrate analogues that exhibit better binding activity, biological activity, and stability began with the synthesis of azasugars. A lot of structural modifications around the anomeric center of carbohydrates has been achieved over the last decade, and these are summarized in terms of the different chemical and biological aspects of carbohydrate mimics in one part of this book. In addition to the well established fields of C-glycosides, azasugars and carbasugars the other part of the book focusses on outstanding achievements in carbohydrate mimic research. Everybody who is active in carbohydrate research or is interested in moving into this exciting field will benefit from this up-to-date source of informations. The leading experts in this field describe their scientific approaches to real interdisciplinary puzzles. This book should be an inspiration to scientists in organic, medicinal chemistry, biochemistry, and biology.
Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS supported Research pt A Subject access A H written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bioactive Carbohydrate Polymers written by Berit S. Paulsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioactive Carbohydrate Polymers is probably the first book dealing with the latest in the field of polysaccharides and related products and their biological activities, especially the immunological effects. The different chapters describe the structure and bioactivity of polysaccharides from plants used in traditional medicine in different parts of the world, especially China, Japan and Europe. The focus of the book is on immunologically active plant and seaweed polysaccharides, pharmacological activities of sulphated polysaccharides of animal and seaweed origin, and on possible activities of polysaccharides in our food. Methods for isolation and characterisation of the polymers with chemical and enzymatic methods is covered, as well as discussions on the different biological test-systems and the information they provide. This book will be useful to scientists and postgraduate students working with polysaccharides and their possible uses, and should be of interest for people working in the areas of chemistry, biology, pharmacy and medicine.
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book Biological Macromolecules written by Amit Kumar Nayak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-11-23 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Macromolecules: Bioactivity and Biomedical Applications presents a comprehensive study of biomacromolecules and their potential use in various biomedical applications. Consisting of four sections, the book begins with an overview of the key sources, properties and functions of biomacromolecules, covering the foundational knowledge required for study on the topic. It then progresses to a discussion of the various bioactive components of biomacromolecules. Individual chapters explore a range of potential bioactivities, considering the use of biomacromolecules as nutraceuticals, antioxidants, antimicrobials, anticancer agents, and antidiabetics, among others. The third section of the book focuses on specific applications of biomacromolecules, ranging from drug delivery and wound management to tissue engineering and enzyme immobilization. This focus on the various practical uses of biological macromolecules provide an interdisciplinary assessment of their function in practice. The final section explores the key challenges and future perspectives on biological macromolecules in biomedicine. Covers a variety of different biomacromolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in plants, fungi, animals, and microbiological resources Discusses a range of applicable areas where biomacromolecules play a significant role, such as drug delivery, wound management, and regenerative medicine Includes a detailed overview of biomacromolecule bioactivity and properties Features chapters on research challenges, evolving applications, and future perspectives
Download or read book Functional Bionanomaterials written by Devarajan Thangadurai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-08 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the application of nanotechnology in medicine and drug delivery, including diagnosis and therapy. Nanomedicine can contribute to the development of a personalized medicine both for diagnosis and therapy. By interacting with biological molecules at nanoscale level, nanotechnology opens up an immense field of research and applications. Interactions between artificial molecular assemblies or nanodevices and biomolecules can be understood both in the extracellular medium and inside human cells. Operating at nanoscale allows exploitation of physical properties different from those observed at microscale, such as the volume to surface area ratio. A number of clinical applications of nanobiotechnology, such as disease diagnosis, target-specific drug delivery, and molecular imaging are being investigated. Some promising new products are also undergoing clinical trials. Such advanced applications of this approach to biological systems will undoubtedly transform the foundations of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease in the future. Nanomedicine sales reached $16 billion in 2015, with a minimum of $3.8 billion in nanotechnology R&D being invested each year. Global funding for emerging nanotechnology increased by 45% per year in recent years, with product sales exceeding $1 trillion in 2013. As the nanomedicine industry continues to grow, it is expected to have a significant impact on the global economy. This book provides clear, colorful and simple illustrations, tables, and case studies to clearly convey the content to a general audience and reader. This book also discusses the development of nanobiomaterials from biogenic (biological sources) systems for healthcare and disease therapies. This book, therefore, is useful for researchers and academicians in the fields of nanotechnology, medicine, nano-biotechnology and pharmacology.
