Download or read book Design Optimization and Characterization of Ibuprofen Microemulsions and Microemulsion based Gels written by Sujata Pandey and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transdermal and topical drug delivery has been used as an alternative approach to oral drug delivery due to the various benefits it offers, including avoidance of the hepatic first pass metabolism, improved patient compliance, sustained or controlled drug release, and enhanced delivery to local target tissues. However, the barrier function of the skin, especially the stratum corneum, is a major challenge of drug permeation. Many different formulation techniques and approaches have been studied for enhancing drug permeation into the skin. The use of chemical permeation enhancers and formulations approaches, such as microemulsions, are some of the effective techniques to increase drug permeation. This thesis work focused on the composition and microstructures of microemulsions for enhancing the dermal delivery of ibuprofen. The effect of the type and composition of microemulsions, and the type of permeation enhancers incorporated into the microemulsions on the permeation and release profile of ibuprofen were studied. Four microemulsions were formulated, which were selected based on the pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. Among the four microemulsions, in two microemulsions (F2 and F4), 2% Carbopol 940 was incorporated as a gelling agent to form a gel base. Although the water content of F1 and F2 - both containing oleyl alcohol as the penetration enhancer - was low compared to formulations containing Transcutol® (i.e., F3 and F4), a higher permeation was observed for F1 and F2. The results suggest that water content played an important role in the better permeation of F1 and F2. Specifically, the findings suggest that the role of water content in the formulation could be more crucial than other parameters depending upon the permeation enhancer used in the formulation. It could be that the performance of the permeation enhancer, Transcutol®, depended more upon the water content of the formulation compared to formulations rich in fatty acid derivatives. However, a detailed study with varying concentrations of water in the formulations is required to validate the findings. Transcutol® is an effective permeation enhancer but the water content of the formulation containing Transcutol® needs to be optimal to increase drug permeation. These results suggest that based on the type of permeation enhancer used, the water content in the formulation must be considered differently and optimized accordingly. It further suggests that although Transcutol® is an effective permeation enhancer, the optimization of the formulation is an important parameter affecting its action in the formulation. The high permeation from formulations containing oleic acid and oleyl alcohol could be due to the amount of fatty acid derivatives in the formulation. Fatty acids, such as oleic acid, and fatty alcohols, such as oleyl alcohol can interact with the lipids in the stratum corneum (SC) leading to a synergistic increase in the SC's fluidity, which also increases drug mobility. When comparing the DSC profiles of F1 and F2, two exothermic peaks were observed in the cooling thermogram while no exothermic peaks were obtained in F3 and F4.

Download or read book Water in oil Microemulsions and Microemulsion Gels written by Gabriel J. Haering and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design Optimization and Evaluation of a Novel Emulgel of Ibuprofen for Enhanced Skin Delivery Using Formulating for EfficacyTM Software written by Aastha Chadha and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of novel formulations present unique challenges in selecting the optimum formulation type for a given active ingredient. The topical route has long been used for delivering drugs directly to the affected target site through the skin. Current approaches in design and optimization of topical formulations necessitate extensive decisions in choosing the right components for the formulation to achieve high safety, clinical efficacy, and patient compliance. It is a resource-intensive process, which involves a certain degree of hit-and-trial on the part of the formulator. Solubility of the active ingredient in the vehicle and the skin is an important parameter in selecting and optimizing vehicle components for topical formulation development. The Formulating for EfficacyTM (FFE) software presents a new approach to design topical formulations aimed at selecting the components, which work synergistically to drive the active ingredient past the skin barrier while achieving sufficient solubility in the vehicle. The science behind the FFE software involves the use of Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSPs) of the active ingredient, the vehicle components and the skin to understand the interactions, which determine the solubility of active ingredients in the vehicle and skin. This research project was aimed at developing an emulgel of ibuprofen using FFE for the design and optimization of the oil phase of the emulgel. Conventionally, ibuprofen is available in the form of gels in most European countries. However, emulgels have been found to be better suited for delivering hydrophobic molecules with an added advantage of sustained release, which is necessary in the management of chronic musculoskeletal conditions. In this study, three emulgel formulations of ibuprofen (5% w/w) were developed and characterized. These emulgels differed in composition of the oil phase with regards to the use of penetration enhancers. Furthermore, the emulgels were compared with a commercially available ibuprofen gel, AlgoFlex DoloTM (AGFD) for viscosity, pH of the formulation, spreadability, in vitro drug release and in vitro drug permeation. All three emulgels were found to have a lower viscosity and greater spreadability than the commercial product, which may translate to better patient acceptability and compliance. The pH of the emulgels and the marketed formulation was found to be close to that of the human skin. All three emulgels exhibited higher drug release and permeation than AGFD when tested using Franz diffusion cells. Additionally, it was found that the emulgels showed a sustained delivery over a longer period of time, while AGFD exhibited a relatively low lag time and lower permeability across the Strat-M® membrane in the in vitro permeation study carried out using Franz diffusion cells. In summary, the results of this research establish a new and useful approach in designing the oil phase of a formulation where the active ingredient needs to be dissolved in the oil phase. Additionally, the use of emulgels for topical delivery of hydrophobic drugs has been found to be better at achieving a higher drug concentration over a longer period of time across the skin barrier as compared to gels.

Download or read book Computer Aided Applications in Pharmaceutical Technology written by Jelena Duris and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-09-07 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer-Aided Applications in Pharmaceutical Technology: Delivery Systems, Dosage Forms, and Pharmaceutical Unit Operations, Second Edition covers the fundamentals of experimental design application and interpretation in pharmaceutical technology, chemometric methods with an emphasis on their applications in process control, neural computing, data science, computer-aided biopharmaceutical characterization, as well as the application of computational fluid dynamics in pharmaceutical technology. Completely updated, the book introduces the theory and practice of computational tools through new case studies. Chapters cover Quality by Design in pharmaceutical development, overview data mining methodologies, present computer-aided formulation development, cover experimental design applications, and much more. - Presents a comprehensive review of the current state of the art on various computer-aided applications in pharmaceutical technology - Includes case studies to facilitate understanding of various concepts in computer-aided applications - Covers applications such as the development of dosage forms and/or delivery systems, pharmaceutical unit operations, and relevant physiologically based pharmacokinetic simulations

Download or read book Water in oil Microemulsions and Microemulsion Gels written by Gabriel J. Hearing and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Systems of Nanovesicular Drug Delivery written by Amit Kumar Nayak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-07-16 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems of Nanovesicular Drug Delivery provides a thorough insight into the complete and up-to-date discussions about the preparation, properties and drug delivery applications of various nanovesicles. This volume discusses cubosomes, proniosomes and niosomes, dendrimerosomes and other new and effective approaches for drug delivery. It will be a valuable title and resource for academics and pharmaceutical scientists, including industrial pharmacists, analytical scientists, health care professionals and regulatory scientists actively involved in pharmaceutical products and process development of tailor-made polysaccharides in drug delivery applications. Recently, there have been a number of outstanding nanosystems in nanovesicular carrier-forms (such as nanoemulsions, self-nanoemulsifying systems, nanoliposomes, nanotransferosomes, etc.), that have been researched and developed for efficient drug delivery by many formulators, researchers and scientists. However, no previously published books have covered all these drug delivery nanovesicles collectively in a single resource. Provides thorough insights and up-to-date discussions about the various systems of nanovesicular drug delivery Covers advanced trigger-assisted systems (such as iontophoresis, ultra-sound triggering, etc.) and how they have been used for improved drug delivery by nanovesicles Presents recent advances in drug delivery fields by global leaders and experts from academia, research, industry and regulatory agencies Includes an updated literature review of relevant key topics, good quality illustrations, chemical structures, attractive flow charts and well-organized tables

Download or read book Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery written by Heather A. E. Benson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-02-03 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical drug development approaches presented by leading experts Designed to support the development of new, effective therapeutics, Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery: Principles and Practice explains the principles underlying the field and then demonstrates how these principles are put into practice in the design and development of new drug products. Drawing together and reviewing the latest research findings, the book focuses on practical, tested, and proven approaches that are backed by industry case studies and the authors' firsthand experience. Moreover, the book emphasizes the mechanistic information that is essential for successful drug product development. Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery: Principles and Practice is divided into two parts: Part One, Current Science, Skin Permeation, and Enhancement Approaches, offers readers a fundamental understanding of the underlying science in the field. It describes the principles and techniques needed to successfully perform experimental approaches, covering such issues as skin permeation, enhancement, and assessment. Part Two, Topical and Transdermal Product Development, guides readers through the complete product development process from concept to approval, offering practical tips and cautions from experts in the field. This part also discusses regulations that are specific to the development of dermal drug products. The final chapter explores current and future trends, forecasting new development techniques and therapeutics. Throughout the book, the authors clearly set forth the basic science and experimental procedures, making it possible for researchers to design their own experimental approaches and accurately interpret their results. With contributions from experienced drug researchers, this text is highly recommended for all researchers involved in topical and transdermal product development who need to know both the state of the science and the standards of practice.

Download or read book Nanotechnology written by Bhaskar Mazumder and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today we find the applications of nanotechnology in all spheres of life. Nanotechnology: Therapeutic, Nutraceutical and Cosmetic Advances discusses recent advances in the field, particularly with therapeutics, nutraceuticals and cosmetic sciences. Therapeutics is an area which has perhaps benefitted the most, although nanoscience and technology have quietly entered the realms of food science and are playing pivotal roles in the efficient utilization of nutraceuticals. Finally, even before therapeutics came cosmetics and companies started marketing unique products embedding the beneficial and advanced properties enabled by the use of nanostructures. This book highlights trends and applications of this wonderful new technology.

Download or read book Nanoemulsions written by Seid Mahdi Jafari and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-02-24 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoemulsions: Formulation, Applications, and Characterization provides detailed information on the production, application and characterization of food nanoemulsion as presented by experts who share a wealth of experience. Those involved in the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries will find this a useful reference as it addresses findings related to different preparation and formulation methods of nanoemulsions and their application in different fields and products. As the last decade has seen a major shift from conventional emulsification processes towards nanoemulsions that both increase the efficiency and stability of emulsions and improve targeted drug and nutraceutical delivery, this book is a timely resource. - Summarizes general aspects of food nanoemulsions and their formulation - Provides detailed information on the production, application, and characterization of food nanoemulsion - Reveals the potential of nanoemulsions, as well as their novel applications in functional foods, nutraceutical products, delivery systems, and cosmetic formulations - Explains preparation of nanoemulsions by both low- and high-energy methods

Download or read book Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Chemical Methods in Penetration Enhancement written by Nina Dragicevic and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-05 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers in a mini-series format comprising five volumes, represents the most comprehensive reference on enhancement methods – both well established and recently introduced – in the field of dermal/transdermal drug delivery. In detail the broad range of both chemical and physical methods used to enhance the skin delivery of drugs is described. All aspects of drug delivery and measurement of penetration are covered and the latest findings are provided on skin structure and function, mathematics in skin permeation and modern analytical techniques adapted to assess and measure penetration. In offering a detailed description of the methods currently in use for penetration enhancement, this book will be of value for researchers, pharmaceutical scientists, practitioners and also students.​

Download or read book Microemulsion Systems written by Henri L. Rosano and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1987-03-27 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Plastics Engineering written by Anshuman Shrivastava and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Plastics Engineering provides a single reference covering the basics of polymer and plastics materials, and their properties, design, processing and applications in a practical way. The book discusses materials engineering through properties formulation, combining part design and processing to produce final products. This book will be a beneficial guide to materials engineers developing new formulations, processing engineers producing those formulations, and design and product engineers seeking to understand the materials and methods for developing new applications. The book incorporates material properties, engineering, processing, design, applications and sustainable and bio based solutions. Ideal for those just entering the industry, or transitioning between sectors, this is a quick, relevant and informative reference guide to plastics engineering and processing for engineers and plastics practitioners. - Provides a single unified reference covering plastics materials, properties, design, processing and applications - Offers end-to-end coverage of the industry, from formulation to part design, processing, and the final product - Serves as an ideal introductory book for new plastics engineers and students of plastics engineering - Provides a convenient reference for more experienced practitioners

Download or read book Nanomedicine Nanotheranostics and Nanobiotechnology written by Rishi Paliwal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-09-30 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanosized particles explored for therapeutics and diagnosis-related research areas need the latest updated information for budding researchers as well as academicians. Nanomedicine, nanotheranostics, and nanobiotechnology have been contemporary technological tools for diverse biomedical, pharmaceutical, and diagnostic solutions. The present book is divided into two sections. The first section is dedicated to exclusive book chapters related to nanomedicine such as its history, regulatory aspects, scale-up, and regulatory toxicology. Additionally, this section includes chapters focusing on the application domain of nanomedicine for targeted cancer therapy, rheumatoid arthritis management, psoriasis treatment, ocular delivery, topical applications, oral bioavailability enhancement, and pulmonary delivery. The second section is composed of chapters in the area of nanotheranostics and applications of nanobiotechnology. In brief, the latest topics such as gold nanoparticles in diagnostics and therapy, nanoparticles for siRNA delivery, carbon nanotubes for gene delivery, nanoparticles for vaccine delivery, nanobiotechnology in cell-based nanomedicines, nanotechnology in regenerative medicine, and nanocarriers in delivery of proteins and peptides are complied. KEY FEATURES A total of 26 emerging topics are covered in the book on cutting-edge research areas at the multi-disciplinary level. The chapters focus on fundamentals and applications, making the book attractive for beginners as well as experts. The chapters are written by well-known experts of the field in a simple scientific style with figures, schemes, and illustrations.

Download or read book Introduction to Zeolite Science and Practice written by E.M. Flanigen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1991-02-05 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zeolites and related molecular sieves have quickly become important pathways to new opportunities in the fields of oil processing and petrochemical synthesis. The signs of intense activity in both industry and academia are evident: burgeoning papers and patent applications; increasing numbers of industrial zeolite-based processes and their rapid expansion into organic chemicals manufacturing; recent progress in zeolite accessibility range, matrix behaviour, lattice components and satellite structures; and the recognition that zeolites, which are stable and can be regenerated, may be incorporated into new, environmentally friendly processes. This volume offers a thorough, up-to-date introduction to zeolites and such related materials as crystalline aluminium phosphates and clays. Its 16 chapters, each written by specialists, provide detailed treatments of zeolite theory (including a review of major developments), zeolite laboratory and research practice, and zeolite industry applications. Students and individuals entering the field will find Introduction to Zeolite Science and Practice a thorough guidebook. Experienced researchers will appreciate its in-depth coverage of the zeolite spectrum, including the latest views on zeolite structure, characterization and applications.

Download or read book Bioadhesives in Drug Delivery written by K. L. Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-05-12 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the phenomenon of bioadhesion i.e. its theories or mechanism(s) are of critical importance in developing optimum bioadhesive polymers (used in bioadhesives). Such bioadhesive polymers are the key for exhibiting the process of bioadhesion, controlled/sustained release of drugs, and drug targeting. The use of bioadhesives restricts the delivery system to the site of interest and thus offers a useful and efficient technique for targeting a drug to the desired location for a prolonged duration. This book addresses the various relevant aspects of bioadhesives in drug delivery in an easily accessible and unified manner. The book containing 12 chapters written by eminent researchers from many parts of the globe is divided into three parts: Part 1: Fundamental Aspects; Part 2: Bioadhesive Formulations; Part 3: Drug Delivery Applications. The topics covered include: Theories and mechanisms of bioadhesion; bioadhesive polymers for drug delivery applications; methods for characterization of bioadhesiveness of drug delivery systems; bioadhesive films and drug delivery applications; bioadhesive nanoparticles; and bioadhesive hydrogels and applications ocular biodhesive drug delivery systems; buccal bioadhesive drug delivery systems; gastrointestinal bioadhesive drug delivery systems ; nasal bioadhesive drug delivery systems; vaginal drug delivery systems; pulmonary bioadhesive drug delivery systems.

Download or read book Characterization of Pharmaceutical Nano and Microsystems written by Leena Peltonen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn about the analytical tools used to characterize particulate drug delivery systems with this comprehensive overview Edited by a leading expert in the field, Characterization of Pharmaceutical Nano- and Microsystems provides a complete description of the analytical techniques used to characterize particulate drug systems on the micro- and nanoscale. The book offers readers a full understanding of the basic physicochemical characteristics, material properties and differences between micro- and nanosystems. It explains how and why greater experience and more reliable measurement techniques are required as particle size shrinks, and the measured phenomena grow weaker. Characterization of Pharmaceutical Nano- and Microsystems deals with a wide variety of topics relevant to chemical and solid-state analysis of drug delivery systems, including drug release, permeation, cell interaction, and safety. It is a complete resource for those interested in the development and manufacture of new medicines, the drug development process, and the translation of those drugs into life-enriching and lifesaving medicines. Characterization of Pharmaceutical Nano- and Microsystems covers all of the following topics: An introduction to the analytical tools applied to determine particle size, morphology, and shape Common chemical approaches to drug system characterization A description of solid-state characterization of drug systems Drug release and permeation studies Toxicity and safety issues The interaction of drug particles with cells Perfect for pharmaceutical chemists and engineers, as well as all other industry professionals and researchers who deal with drug delivery systems on a regular basis, Characterization of Pharmaceutical Nano- and Microsystems also belongs on bookshelves of interested students and faculty who interact with this topic.

Download or read book Lipid Nanoparticles Production Characterization and Stability written by Rohan Shah and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-28 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​What are lipid nanoparticles? How are they structured? How are they formed? What techniques are best to characterize them? How great is their potential as drug delivery systems? These questions and more are answered in this comprehensive and highly readable work on lipid nanoparticles. This work sets out to provide the reader with a clear and understandable understanding of the current practices in formulation, characterization and drug delivery of lipid nanoparticles. A comprehensive description of the current understanding of synthesis, characterization, stability optimization and drug incorporation of solid lipid nanoparticles is provided. Nanoparticles have attracted great interest over the past few decades with almost exponential growth in their research and application. Their small particle size and subsequent high surface area make them ideal in many uses, but particularly as drug carrier systems. Nanoparticles made from lipids are especially attractive because of their enhanced biocompatibility imparted by the lipid. The work provides a detailed description of the types of lipid nanoparticles available (e.g. SLN, NLC, LDC, PLN) and how they range from imperfect crystalline to amorphous in structure. Current thoughts on where drugs are situated (e.g. in the core, or at the interface) and how this can be manipulated are discussed. The many techniques for production, including the author’s own variant of microwave heating, are fully discussed. Techniques for measuring arguably the most important characteristics of particle size and polydispersity are discussed, along with techniques to measure crystallinity, shape and drug capacity. Finally, a full chapter on techniques for measuring stability, both in the absence and presence of drugs, is discussed, along with suggestions on how to optimize that stability. This work appeals to students of colloid science, practitioners of research into drug delivery and academics alike.