Download or read book Design and optimization of a novel tri axial miniature ear plug piezoresistive accelerometer with nanoscale piezoresistors written by Marco Messina and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-12-12 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2013 in the subject Design (Industry, Graphics, Fashion), grade: N/A, Cranfield University, language: English, abstract: This work aims at the advancement of state-of-art accelerometer design and optimization methodology by developing an ear-plug accelerometer for race car drivers based on a novel mechanical principle. The accelerometer is used for the measurements of head acceleration when an injurious event occurs. Main requirements for such sensor are miniaturization (2×2 mm), because the device must be placed into the driver earpiece, and its measurement accuracy (i.e. high sensitivity, low crosstalk and low nonlinearity) since the device is used for safety monitoring purpose. A micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS)-based (bulk micromachined) piezoresistive accelerometer was selected as enabling technology for the development of the sensor. The primary accelerometer elements that can be manipulated during the design stage are: the sensing element (piezoresistors), the micromechanical structure and the measurements circuit. Each of these elements has been specifically designed in order to maximize the sensor performance and to achieve the miniaturization required for the studied application. To achieve accelerometer high sensitivity and miniaturization silicon nanowires (SiNWs) as nanometer scale piezoresistors are adopted as sensing elements. Currently this technology is at an infancy stage, but very promising through the exploitation of the “Giant piezoresistance effect” of SiNWs. This work then measures the potential of the SiNWs as nanoscale piezoresistors by calculating the major performance indexes, both electrical and mechanical, of the novel accelerometer. The results clearly demonstrate that the use of nanoscale piezoresistors boosts the sensitivity by 30 times in comparison to conventional microscale piezoresistors. A feasibility study on nanowires fabrication by both top-down and bottom-up approaches is also carried out. The micromechanical structure used for the design of the accelerometer is an optimized highly symmetric geometry chosen for its self-cancelling property. This work, for the first time, presents an optimization process of the accelerometer micromechanical structure based on a novel mechanical principle, which simultaneously increases the sensitivity and reduces the cross-sensitivity progressively. In the open literature among highly symmetric geometries no other study has to date reported enhancement of the electrical sensitivity and reduction of the cross-talk at the same time.
Download or read book Design and Optimization of a Novel Tri axial Miniature Ear plug Piezoresistive Accelerometer with Nanoscale Piezoresistors written by M. Messina and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work aims at the advancement of state-of-art accelerometer design and optimization methodology by developing an ear-plug accelerometer for race car drivers based on a novel mechanical principle. The accelerometer is used for the measurements of head acceleration when an injurious event occurs. Main requirements for such sensor are miniaturization (2×2 mm), because the device must be placed into the driver earpiece, and its measurement accuracy (i.e. high sensitivity, low crosstalk and low nonlinearity) since the device is used for safety monitoring purpose. A micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS)-based (bulk micromachined) piezoresistive accelerometer was selected as enabling technology for the development of the sensor. The primary accelerometer elements that can be manipulated during the design stage are: the sensing element (piezoresistors), the micromechanical structure and the measurements circuit. Each of these elements has been specifically designed in order to maximize the sensor performance and to achieve the miniaturization required for the studied application. To achieve accelerometer high sensitivity and miniaturization silicon nanowires (SiNWs) as nanometer scale piezoresistors are adopted as sensing elements. Currently this technology is at an infancy stage, but very promising through the exploitation of the "Giant piezoresistance effect" of SiNWs. This work then measures the potential of the SiNWs as nanoscale piezoresistors by calculating the major performance indexes, both electrical and mechanical, of the novel accelerometer. The results clearly demonstrate that the use of nanoscale piezoresistors boosts the sensitivity by 30 times in comparison to conventional microscale piezoresistors. A feasibility study on nanowires fabrication by both top-down and bottom-up approaches is also carried out. The micromechanical structure used for the design of the accelerometer is an optimized highly symmetric geometry chosen for its self-cancelling property. This work, for the first time, presents an optimization process of the accelerometer micromechanical structure based on a novel mechanical principle, which simultaneously increases the sensitivity and reduces the cross-sensitivity progressively. In the open literature among highly symmetric geometries no other study has to date reported enhancement of the electrical sensitivity and reduction of the cross-talk at the same time. Moreover the novel mechanical principle represents advancement in the accelerometer design and optimization methodology by studying the influence of a uniform mass moment of inertia of the accelerometer proof mass on the sensor performance. Finally, an optimal accelerometer design is proposed and an optimized measurement circuit is also specifically designed to maximize the performance of the accelerometer. The new proposed accelerometer design is capable of increasing the sensor sensitivity of all axes, in particular the Z-axis increases of almost 5 times in respect to the current state-of-art-technology in piezoresistive accelerometer. This occurs thanks to the particular newly developed approach of combination of beams, proof mass geometry and measurement circuit design, together with the use of silicon nanowires as nanoscale piezoresistors. Furthermore the cross-sensitivity is simultaneously minimized for a maximal performance. The sum of the cross-sensitivity of all axes is equal to 0.4%, well below the more than 5% of the state-of-art technology counterpart reported in the literature. Future work is finally outlined and includes the electro-mechanical characterization of the silicon nanowires and the fabrication of the proposed accelerometer prototype that embeds bottom up SiNWs as nanoscale piezoresistors.
Download or read book Piezoresistor Design and Applications written by Joseph C. Doll and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Piezoresistor Design and Applications provides an overview of these MEMS devices and related physics. The text demonstrates how MEMS allows miniaturization and integration of sensing as well as efficient packaging and signal conditioning. This text for engineers working in MEMS design describes the piezoresistive phenomenon and optimization in several applications. Includes detailed discussion of such topics as; coupled models of mechanics, materials and electronic behavior in a variety of common geometric implementations including strain gages, beam bending, and membrane loading. The text concludes with an up-to-date discussion of the need for integrated MEMS design and opportunities to leverage new materials, processes and MEMS technology. Piezoresistor Design and Applications is an ideal book for design engineers, process engineers and researchers.
Download or read book Piezoelectric Accelerometers with Integral Electronics written by Felix Levinzon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-06 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an invaluable reference to Piezoelectric Accelerometers with Integral Electronics (IEPE). It describes the design and performance parameters of IEPE accelerometers and their key elements, PE transducers and FET-input amplifiers. Coverage includes recently designed, low-noise and high temperature IEPE accelerometers. Readers will benefit from the detailed noise analysis of the IEPE accelerometer, which enables estimation of its noise floor and noise limits. Other topics useful for designers of low-noise, high temperature silicon-based electronics include noise analysis of FET amplifiers, experimental investigation and comparison of low-frequency noise in different JFETs and MOSFETs, and ultra-low-noise JFETs (at level of 0.6 nV/√Hz). The discussion also includes ultra-low-noise (at level of 3 ng/√Hz) seismic IEPE accelerometers and high temperature (up to 175 ̊C) triaxial and single axis miniature IEPE accelerometers, along with key factors for their design. • Provides a comprehensive reference to the design and performance of IEPE accelerometers, including low-noise and high temperature IEPE sensors; • Includes noise analysis of the IEPE accelerometer, which enables estimation of the its noise floor and noise limits; • Describes recently design of ultra-low-noise (at level of 3 ng/√Hz) IEPE seismic accelerometers and high temperature (up to 175 ̊C) triaxial and single axis miniature IEPE accelerometers; • Compares low-frequency noise in different JFETs and MOSFETs including measurement results of ultra-low-noise (at level of 0.6 nV/√Hz) JFET; • Presents key factors for design of low-noise and high temperature IEPE accelerometer and their electronics.
Download or read book An Experimental Technique for the Evaluation of Thermal Transient Effects on Piezoelectric Accelerometers written by Carol F. Vezzetti and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design of Knock Sensors and Piezoaccelerometers written by Alexander A. Bazhenov and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals systematically with the creation of piezoelectric knock sensors for automotive engine control. The authors consider the problems encountered in the theoretical modeling and design of primary piezoelectric acceleration gauges for various objects and classify specific features of automotive internal combustion engine detonation as well as basic types of knock sensors and their design concepts. The advantages and disadvantages of the following piezoelectric sensors are analyzed: compression-type, bend-type, shear-type, and resonance- and semiresonance-type transducers. The authors describe techniques based on the calculation of electroelastic sensing elements for different kinds of deformations, such as compression-expansion, bending, and shear, and analyze forced oscillations of transducers with one or several degrees of freedom.
Download or read book Design and Optimization of a Single axis Fluidic Angular Accelerometer written by Godefridus Johannes Antonius Arink and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MEMS Materials and Processes Handbook written by Reza Ghodssi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 1211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MEMs Materials and Processes Handbook" is a comprehensive reference for researchers searching for new materials, properties of known materials, or specific processes available for MEMS fabrication. The content is separated into distinct sections on "Materials" and "Processes". The extensive Material Selection Guide" and a "Material Database" guides the reader through the selection of appropriate materials for the required task at hand. The "Processes" section of the book is organized as a catalog of various microfabrication processes, each with a brief introduction to the technology, as well as examples of common uses in MEMs.
Download or read book Implantable Sensors and Systems written by Guang-Zhong Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implantable sensing, whether used for transient or long-term monitoring of in vivo physiological, bio-electrical, bio-chemical and metabolic changes, is a rapidly advancing field of research and development. Underpinned by increasingly small, smart and energy efficient designs, they become an integral part of surgical prostheses or implants for both acute and chronic conditions, supporting optimised, context aware sensing, feedback, or stimulation with due consideration of system level impact. From sensor design, fabrication, on-node processing with application specific integrated circuits, to power optimisation, wireless data paths and security, this book provides a detailed explanation of both the theories and practical considerations of developing novel implantable sensors. Other topics covered by the book include sensor embodiment and flexible electronics, implantable optical sensors and power harvesting. Implantable Sensors and Systems – from Theory to Practice is an important reference for those working in the field of medical devices. The structure of the book is carefully prepared so that it can also be used as an introductory reference for those about to enter into this exciting research and developing field.
Download or read book Sensors for Automotive and Aerospace Applications written by Shantanu Bhattacharya and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the various sensors related to automotive and aerospace sectors, discussing their properties as well as how they are realized, calibrated and deployed. Written by experts in the field, it provides a ready reference to product developers, researchers and students working on sensor design and fabrication, and provides perspective on both current and future research.
Download or read book MEMS Reliability written by Allyson L. Hartzell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-02 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The successful launch of viable MEMs product hinges on MEMS reliability, the reliability and qualification for MEMs based products is not widely understood. Companies that have a deep understanding of MEMs reliability view the information as a competitive advantage and are reluctant to share it. MEMs Reliability, focuses on the reliability and manufacturability of MEMS at a fundamental level by addressing process development and characterization, material property characterization, failure mechanisms and physics of failure (POF), design strategies for improving yield, design for reliability (DFR), packaging and testing.
Download or read book MEMS Linear and Nonlinear Statics and Dynamics written by Mohammad I. Younis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MEMS Linear and Nonlinear Statics and Dynamics presents the necessary analytical and computational tools for MEMS designers to model and simulate most known MEMS devices, structures, and phenomena. This book also provides an in-depth analysis and treatment of the most common static and dynamic phenomena in MEMS that are encountered by engineers. Coverage also includes nonlinear modeling approaches to modeling various MEMS phenomena of a nonlinear nature, such as those due to electrostatic forces, squeeze-film damping, and large deflection of structures. The book also: Includes examples of numerous MEMS devices and structures that require static or dynamic modeling Provides code for programs in Matlab, Mathematica, and ANSYS for simulating the behavior of MEMS structures Provides real world problems related to the dynamics of MEMS such as dynamics of electrostatically actuated devices, stiction and adhesion of microbeams due to electrostatic and capillary forces MEMS Linear and Nonlinear Statics and Dynamics is an ideal volume for researchers and engineers working in MEMS design and fabrication.
Download or read book Nanopositioning Technologies written by Changhai Ru and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the state-of-the-art technologies for positioning with nanometer resolutions and accuracies, particularly those based on piezoelectric actuators and MEMS actuators. The latest advances are described, including the design of nanopositioning devices, sensing and actuation technologies and control methods for nanopositioning. This is an ideal book for mechanical and electrical engineering students and researchers; micro and nanotechnology researchers and graduate students; as well as those working in the precision instrumentation or semiconductor industries.
Download or read book Handbook of Force Transducers written by Dan Mihai Stefanescu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-16 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part I introduces the basic "Principles and Methods of Force Measurement" according to a classification into a dozen of force transducers types: resistive, inductive, capacitive, piezoelectric, electromagnetic, electrodynamic, magnetoelastic, galvanomagnetic (Hall-effect), vibrating wires, (micro)resonators, acoustic and gyroscopic. Two special chapters refer to force balance techniques and to combined methods in force measurement. Part II discusses the "(Strain Gauge) Force Transducers Components", evolving from the classical force transducer to the digital / intelligent one, with the incorporation of three subsystems (sensors, electromechanics and informatics). The elastic element (EE) is the "heart" of the force transducer and basically determines its performance. A 12-type elastic element classification is proposed (stretched / compressed column or tube, bending beam, bending and/or torsion shaft, middle bent bar with fixed ends, shear beam, bending ring, yoke or frame, diaphragm, axial-stressed torus, axisymmetrical and voluminous EE), with emphasis on the optimum location of the strain gauges. The main properties of the associated Wheatstone bridge, best suited for the parametrical transducers, are examined, together with the appropriate electronic circuits for SGFTs. The handbook fills a gap in the field of Force Measurement, both experts and newcomers, no matter of their particular interest, finding a lot of useful and valuable subjects in the area of Force Transducers; in fact, it is the first specialized monograph in this inter- and multidisciplinary field.
Download or read book Introduction to Materials for Advanced Energy Systems written by Colin Tong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 911 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first of its kind text enables today’s students to understand current and future energy challenges, to acquire skills for selecting and using materials and manufacturing processes in the design of energy systems, and to develop a cross-functional approach to materials, mechanics, electronics and processes of energy production. While taking economic and regulatory aspects into account, this textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to the range of materials used for advanced energy systems, including fossil, nuclear, solar, bio, wind, geothermal, ocean and hydropower, hydrogen, and nuclear, as well as thermal energy storage and electrochemical storage in fuel cells. A separate chapter is devoted to emerging energy harvesting systems. Integrated coverage includes the application of scientific and engineering principles to materials that enable different types of energy systems. Properties, performance, modeling, fabrication, characterization and application of structural, functional and hybrid materials are described for each energy system. Readers will appreciate the complex relationships among materials selection, optimizing design, and component operating conditions in each energy system. Research and development trends of novel emerging materials for future hybrid energy systems are also considered. Each chapter is basically a self-contained unit, easily enabling instructors to adapt the book for coursework. This textbook is suitable for students in science and engineering who seek to obtain a comprehensive understanding of different energy processes, and how materials enable energy harvesting, conversion, and storage. In setting forth the latest advances and new frontiers of research, the text also serves as a comprehensive reference on energy materials for experienced materials scientists, engineers, and physicists. Includes pedagogical features such as in-depth side bars, worked-out and end-of- chapter exercises, and many references to further reading Provides comprehensive coverage of materials-based solutions for major and emerging energy systems Brings together diverse subject matter by integrating theory with engaging insights
Download or read book Fundamentals of Microfabrication and Nanotechnology Three Volume Set written by Marc J. Madou and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 1992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, Fundamentals of Microfabrication and Nanotechnology continues to provide the most complete MEMS coverage available. Thoroughly revised and updated the new edition of this perennial bestseller has been expanded to three volumes, reflecting the substantial growth of this field. It includes a wealth of theoretical and practical information on nanotechnology and NEMS and offers background and comprehensive information on materials, processes, and manufacturing options. The first volume offers a rigorous theoretical treatment of micro- and nanosciences, and includes sections on solid-state physics, quantum mechanics, crystallography, and fluidics. The second volume presents a very large set of manufacturing techniques for micro- and nanofabrication and covers different forms of lithography, material removal processes, and additive technologies. The third volume focuses on manufacturing techniques and applications of Bio-MEMS and Bio-NEMS. Illustrated in color throughout, this seminal work is a cogent instructional text, providing classroom and self-learners with worked-out examples and end-of-chapter problems. The author characterizes and defines major research areas and illustrates them with examples pulled from the most recent literature and from his own work.
Download or read book International Conference for Innovation in Biomedical Engineering and Life Sciences written by Fatimah Ibrahim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volumes presents the proceedings of ICIBEL 2015, organized by the Centre for Innovation in Medical Engineering (CIME) under Innovative Technology Research Cluster, University of Malaya. It was held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from 6-8 December 2015. The ICIBEL 2015 conference promotes the latest researches and developments related to the integration of the Engineering technology in medical fields and life sciences. This includes the latest innovations, research trends and concerns, challenges and adopted solution in the field of medical engineering and life sciences.
