Download or read book Design and Implementation of Diffuse Optical Tomography DOT System on Chip written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A System on Chip Design of Diffuse Optical Tomography Based on Three Dimensional Nonlinear Hexagonal Reconstruction Algorithm written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diffuse Optical Tomography written by Huabei Jiang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an authority involved in the field since its nascent stages, Diffuse Optical Tomography: Principles and Applications is a long-awaited profile of a revolutionary imaging method. Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) provides spatial distributions of intrinsic tissue optical properties or molecular contrast agents through model-based reconstruction algorithms using NIR measurements along or near the boundary of tissue. Despite the practical value of DOT, many engineers from electrical or applied mathematics backgrounds do not have a sufficient understanding of its vast clinical applications and portability value, or its uncommon advantages as a tool for obtaining functional, cellular, and molecular parameters. A collection of the author’s research and experience, this book fuses historical perspective and experiential anecdotes with fundamental principles and vital technical information needed to successfully apply this technology—particularly in medical imaging. This reference finally outlines how to use DOT to create experimental image systems and adapt the results of laboratory studies for use in clinical applications including: Early-stage detection of breast tumors and prostate cancer "Real-time" functional brain imaging Joint imaging to treat progressive diseases such as arthritis Monitoring of tumor response New contrast mechanisms and multimodality methods This book covers almost every aspect of DOT—including reconstruction algorithms based on nonlinear iterative Newton methods, instrumentation and calibration methods in both continuous-wave and frequency domains, and important issues of imaging contrast and spatial resolution. It also addresses phantom experiments and the development of various image-enhancing schemes, and it describes reconstruction methods based on contrast agents and fluorescence DOT. Offering a concise description of the particular problems involved in optical tomography, this reference illustrates DOT’s fundamental foundations and the principle of image reconstruction. It thoroughly explores computational methods, forward mathematical models, and inverse strategies, clearly illustrating solutions to key equations.

Download or read book Novel Image Reconstruction Algorithm and System on Chip Design for Continuous wave Diffuse Optical Tomography Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A High Efficiency System on Chip Design for Portable Continuous Wave Diffusion Optical Tomography System written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diffuse Optical Tomography Methods for Imaging the Developing Brain written by Silvina Laura Ferradal and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) is a portable imaging modality that provides the ability to perform early and continuous monitoring of brain function in infants. Its methodology overcomes many of the technical and logistical challenges of performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigations in neonates. However, standard DOI systems suffer from limitations such as low spatial resolution and contamination of hemodynamic signals originating from superficial tissue layers that affect the overall reliability of the optical measurements. Recent advances in the application of high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) in adults have overcome most of these limitations by using high-density arrays of overlapping measurements that improve spatial resolution and brain specificity. My doctoral work has been focused on the development of HD-DOT methods for bedside neuroimaging in neonates. While HD-DOT enables image reconstructions with improved image quality, the design and implementation of high-density arrays for newborn infants involves challenges related to cap ergonomics and bulkiness of the fiber bundles. The first part of my dissertation demonstrates the feasibility of using a custom-built HD-DOT system with a limited field of view for imaging brain function in a clinical environment such as the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Using stimulus-driven paradigms such as visual stimulation and advanced imaging techniques such as resting state functional connectivity, I show that HD-DOT can perform functional mapping of the visual cortex in hospitalized infants. Resting state functional connectivity methods are particularly suited for studying hospitalized infants who cannot perform complex tasks. Accordingly, the second part of my dissertation was focused on the development of an extended field of view system for simultaneous functional connectivity DOT (fcDOT) mapping of multiple functional regions. In parallel with the hardware expansion, I developed techniques for realistic forward light modeling and spatial normalization that facilitate anatomical registration between different subjects and imaging modalities. The proposed techniques were validated in vivo against subject-matched functional MRI maps, the gold standard for functional neuroimaging. The strong spatial agreement between individual and group maps obtained for both modalities suggests that fcDOT provides satisfactory spatial localization and resolution for imaging neonates at the bedside. While in most cases it is desirable to use subject-specific structural images for accurate DOT reconstruction, this approach is not sufficient for portable applications. In the last part of my dissertation, I explored the feasibility of using anatomical atlases for forward light modeling. Quantitative comparisons with functional MRI show that atlas-based image reconstruction provides a viable approach to individual head modeling for HD-DOT when anatomical imaging is not available.

Download or read book Design Fabrication And Testing Of A Versatile And Low Cost Diffuse Optical Tomographic Imaging System written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis reports the work done towards design and fabrication of a versatile and low cost, frequency domain DOT (Diffuse Optical Tomography) Imager. A design which uses only a single fiber for the source and a single fiber bundle for the detector is reported. From near the source, to diametrically opposite to the source, the detected intensity of scattered light varies by three to four orders in magnitude, depending on the tissue/phantom absorption and scattering properties. The photo multiplier tube (PMT) gain is controlled to operate it in the linear range, thus increasing the dynamic range of detection. Increasing the dynamic range by multi channel data acquisition is also presented. Arresting the oscillations of a stepper using a negative torque braking method is also adopted in this application for increasing the speed of data acquisition. The finite element method (FEM) for obtaining photon density solution to the transport equation and the model based iterative image reconstruction (MPBIIR) algorithm are developed for verifying the experimental prototype. Simulation studies presented towards the end of this thesis work provide insight into the nature of measurements. The optical absorption reconstructed images from the simulation, verified the validity of implementation of the reconstruction method for further reconstructions from data gathered from the developed imager. A single iteration of MOBIIR to segment the region of interest (ROI) using an homogeneous measurement estimate is presented. Using the single iteration MOBIIR to obtain a relatively more accurate starting value for the optical absorption coefficient, and the reconstruction results for data obtained from tissue mimicking solid epoxy-resin phantom with a single in-homogeneity inclusion is also presented to demonstrate the imager prototype.

Download or read book Database Theory and Application Bio Science and Bio Technology written by Yanchun Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Welcome to the proceedings of the 2010 International Conferences on Database Theory and Application (DTA 2010), and Bio-Science and Bio-Technology (BSBT 2010) – two of the partnering events of the Second International Mega- Conference on Future Generation Information Technology (FGIT 2010). DTA and BSBT bring together researchers from academia and industry as well as practitioners to share ideas, problems and solutions relating to the multifaceted aspects of databases, data mining and biomedicine, including their links to computational sciences, mathematics and information technology. In total, 1,630 papers were submitted to FGIT 2010 from 30 countries, which includes 175 papers submitted to DTA/BSBT 2010. The submitted papers went through a rigorous reviewing process: 395 of the 1,630 papers were accepted for FGIT 2010, while 40 papers were accepted for DTA/BSBT 2010. Of the 40 papers 6 were selected for the special FGIT 2010 volume published by Springer in the LNCS series. 31 papers are published in this volume, and 3 papers were withdrawn due to technical reasons. We would like to acknowledge the great effort of the DTA/BSBT 2010 International Advisory Boards and members of the International Program Committees, as well as all the organizations and individuals who supported the idea of publishing this volume of proceedings, including SERSC and Springer. Also, the success of these two conferences would not have been possible without the huge support from our sponsors and the work of the Chairs and Organizing Committee.

Download or read book Super Pixel Diffuse Optical Tomography written by Karla Michelle Bergonzi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical imaging has long held promise as a clinical, bedside neuroimaging tool; however, the performance has been lacking compared to functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), the gold standard of functional brain imaging. Recently, High-Density Diffuse Optical Tomography (HD-DOT) has matched image resolution with fMRI and has adapted an fMRI technique which assays cerebral function without requiring task performance, known as resting-state functional connectivity, for use with optical data. HD-DOT uses safe, near-infrared light delivered via optical fibers to the head to measure oxygenation changes in the brain. The system performance of HD-DOT has been validated using tasks and resting-state functional connectivity in healthy adults but has not yet transitioned to a bedside neuroimaging tool. The final limitations are ergonomic in nature, including large console sizes and heavy caps.In this dissertation, we utilize advances in CMOS camera sensor designs to improve the ergonomics of HD-DOT systems for use in clinical care settings. The primary advantage we are leveraging to improve HD-DOT ergonomics is the increased sensitivity of CMOS sensors compared to previously used detectors. This increased sensitivity allows for a reduction in the optical fiber diameters without compromising data quality. The reduced fiber diameters significantly decrease the weight of the cap, improving wearability. The secondary advantage of CMOS sensors are their small form factors which allow for a significantly reduced console size, improving the portability of the system. The disadvantage of CMOS sensors are the low dynamic ranges (DNR), which are 100-fold lower than the DNR necessary for HD-DOT neuroimaging. To combat this disadvantage, we have developed a Super Pixel HD-DOT (SP-DOT) algorithm which uses pixel binning and electronic noise reduction to meet the required specifications for HD-DOT neuroimaging. This dissertation reports the development, testing, and validation of the SP-DOT system. Collectively, this dissertation demonstrates that advanced SP-DOT offers a practical solution to imaging brain activity in the clinic with fMRI-comparable spatial resolution.As a preliminary investigation into the utility of HD-DOT in the clinic, we imaged acute stroke patients at the bedside using a first generation, APD-based HD-DOT system with large optical fibers. By optimizing the location of the cap, we were able to image key areas of the brain while maintaining system portability and moderate cap wearability. We had success collecting resting-state data from these acute stroke patients for use in functional connectivity analysis. We developed a "Similarity" metric for each stroke patient, which is a measure of how similar the stroke patients' connectivity maps are to a healthy cohort. This similarity metric is significantly reduced over the damaged hemisphere in stroke patients and also correlates with neurological impairment.

Download or read book Development and Validation of Time domain Diffuse Optical Tomographic Imaging and Multiplexed Fluorescence Mediated Tomography written by Ying Mu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and fluorescence molecule tomography (FMT) are emerging as important optical imaging tools for clinical and biomedical research. Two major outstanding challenge in DOT and FMT are i) the relatively low imaging resolution, which results from the high degree of photon scatter through biological tissue, and ii) the inability to image multiple fluorescent targets in deep tissue ("multiplexing") due to the relatively narrow wavelength region within which light is less attenuated and effectively transmitted through bulk tissue. In this dissertation, we explored the use of time-domain DOT and FMT imaging to address these problems. First, time-resolved (TR) measurement of early arriving photons from a pulse laser was studied as a method for improving resolution in diffuse optical imaging. The underlying concept is photons that arrive first ("early") at a detector from a pulsed laser incident on bulk tissue have experienced fewer scattering events and taken relatively straight paths. We developed and tested a time-domain diffuse optical imaging system consisting of a femetosecond titanium: sapphire laser and fast, single photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD) detectors, that had an extremely fast temporal response time of 59 ps. We validated that the SPAD allowed measurement of photon-density sensitivity function that were 65% narrower than the temporally un-gated case at very early times. This exceeded the performance achieved previously with photomultiplier-based systems and approached the theoretical maximum predicted by time-resolved Monte Carlo simulations. Following this work, we then developed a complete SPAD-based DOT scanner, in which an array of SPADs were used. We validated performance of the system in cylindrical and irregular shaped optical phantoms of approximately small animal size. We were able to accurately reconstruct the size and position of up to 4 absorbing inclusions in diffusive media for the first time, with increasing image quality at earlier times. Next, we developed a time-resolved multiplexed fluorescence tomography system, which allowed us to measure extremely rich multi-spectral and temporal fluorescence data sets from diffusing media. In combination with a recently developed two-stage de-mixing and image reconstruction algorithm we are able to simultaneously image as many as four (and in theory 5) red and near-infrared fluorophores with closely overlapping spectral and temporal profiles, doubling the information throughput of FMT systems. This instrument also allowed us to account for the wavelength-dependency of optical properties in bulk biological tissue, which is a major challenge in biological imaging. The unique multiplexing imaging capabilities of this technology will allow us to study development of gliomas in small animal models in ongoing work in our group.

Download or read book Diffuse Optical Tomography System in Soft Tissue Tumor Detection written by Umamaheswari Kumarasamy and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topical review of recent trends in Modeling and Regularization methods of Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) system promotes the optimization of the forward and inverse modeling methods which provides a 3D cauterization at a faster rate of 40frames/second with the help of a laser torch as a hand-held device. Analytical, Numerical and Statistical methods are reviewed for forward and inverse models in an optical imaging modality. The advancement in computational methods is discussed for forward and inverse models along with Optimization techniques using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Artificial Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The studies carried on optimization techniques offers better spatial resolution which improves quality and quantity of optical images used for morphological tissues comparable to breast and brain in Near Infrared (NIR) light. Forward problem is based on the location of sources and detectors solved statistically by Monte Carlo simulations. Inverse problem or closeness in optical image reconstruction is moderated by different regularization techniques to improve the spatial and temporal resolution. Compared to conventional methods the ANFIS structure of optimization for forward and inverse modeling provides early detection of Malignant and Benign tumor thus saves the patient from the mortality of the disease. The ANFIS technique integrated with hardware provides the dynamic 3D image acquisition with the help of NIR light at a rapid rate. Thereby the DOT system is used to continuously monitor the Oxy and Deoxyhemoglobin changes on the tissue oncology.

Download or read book EMBC 2004 written by IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Conference and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 1006 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Labs on Chip written by Eugenio Iannone and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 1178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labs on Chip: Principles, Design and Technology provides a complete reference for the complex field of labs on chip in biotechnology. Merging three main areas— fluid dynamics, monolithic micro- and nanotechnology, and out-of-equilibrium biochemistry—this text integrates coverage of technology issues with strong theoretical explanations of design techniques. Analyzing each subject from basic principles to relevant applications, this book: Describes the biochemical elements required to work on labs on chip Discusses fabrication, microfluidic, and electronic and optical detection techniques Addresses planar technologies, polymer microfabrication, and process scalability to huge volumes Presents a global view of current lab-on-chip research and development Devotes an entire chapter to labs on chip for genetics Summarizing in one source the different technical competencies required, Labs on Chip: Principles, Design and Technology offers valuable guidance for the lab-on-chip design decision-making process, while exploring essential elements of labs on chip useful both to the professional who wants to approach a new field and to the specialist who wants to gain a broader perspective.

Download or read book Comprehensive Biomedical Physics written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 4052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Biomedical Physics, Ten Volume Set is a new reference work that provides the first point of entry to the literature for all scientists interested in biomedical physics. It is of particularly use for graduate and postgraduate students in the areas of medical biophysics. This Work is indispensable to all serious readers in this interdisciplinary area where physics is applied in medicine and biology. Written by leading scientists who have evaluated and summarized the most important methods, principles, technologies and data within the field, Comprehensive Biomedical Physics is a vital addition to the reference libraries of those working within the areas of medical imaging, radiation sources, detectors, biology, safety and therapy, physiology, and pharmacology as well as in the treatment of different clinical conditions and bioinformatics. This Work will be valuable to students working in all aspect of medical biophysics, including medical imaging and biomedical radiation science and therapy, physiology, pharmacology and treatment of clinical conditions and bioinformatics. The most comprehensive work on biomedical physics ever published Covers one of the fastest growing areas in the physical sciences, including interdisciplinary areas ranging from advanced nuclear physics and quantum mechanics through mathematics to molecular biology and medicine Contains 1800 illustrations, all in full color

Download or read book Biomedical Engineering in Gastrointestinal Surgery written by Armin Schneider and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-06-27 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical Engineering in Gastrointestinal Surgery is a combination of engineering and surgical experience on the role of engineering in gastrointestinal surgery. There is currently no other book that combines engineering and clinical issues in this field, while engineering is becoming more and more important in surgery. This book is written to a high technical level, but also contains clear explanations of clinical conditions and clinical needs for engineers and students. Chapters covering anatomy and physiology are comprehensive and easy to understand for non-surgeons, while technologies are put into the context of surgical disease and anatomy for engineers. The authors are the two most senior members of the Institute for Minimally Invasive Interdisciplinary Therapeutic Interventions (MITI), which is pioneering this kind of collaboration between engineers and clinicians in minimally invasive surgery. MITI is an interdisciplinary platform for collaborative work of surgeons, gastroenterologists, biomedical engineers and industrial companies with mechanical and electronic workshops, dry laboratories and comprehensive facilities for animal studies as well as a fully integrated clinical "OR of the future". - Written by the head of the Institute of Minimally Invasive Interdisciplinary Therapeutic Intervention (TUM MITI) which focusses on interdisciplinary cooperation in visceral medicine - Provides medical and anatomical knowledge for engineers and puts technology in the context of surgical disease and anatomy - Helps clinicians understand the technology, and use it safely and efficiently