Download or read book Demonstration Results on the Effects of Mercury Speciation on the Stabilization of Wastes written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury-contaminated wastes are currently being stored at approximately 19 Department of Energy sites, the volume of which is estimated to be about 16m(sup)3. These wastes exist in various forms including soil, sludges, and debris, which present a particular challenge regarding possible mercury stabilization methods. This reports provides the test results of three vendors, Allied Technology Group, IT Corporation, and Nuclear Fuel Services, Inc., that demonstrate the effects of mercury speciation on the stabilization of the mercury wastes. Mercury present in concentrations that exceed 260 parts per million must be removed by extraction methods and requires stabilization to ensure that the final wasteforms leach less than 0.2mg/L of mercury by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure or 0.025 mg/L using the Universal Treatment Standard.

Download or read book Measurements of Mercury Released From Solidified written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report covers work performed during FY 2002 in support of treatment demonstrations conducted for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Mixed Waste Focus Area (MWFA) Mercury Working Group. To comply with the requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as implemented by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), DOE must use one of the following procedures for mixed low-level radioactive wastes containing mercury at levels above 260 ppm: a retorting/roasting treatment or (if the wastes also contain organics) an incineration treatment. The recovered radioactively contaminated mercury must then be treated by an amalgamation process prior to disposal. The DOE MWFA Mercury Working Group is working with EPA to determine whether some alternative processes could be used to treat these types of waste directly, thereby avoiding a costly recovery step for DOE. In previous years, demonstrations were performed in which commercial vendors applied their technologies for the treatment of radiologically contaminated elemental mercury as well as radiologically contaminated and mercury-contaminated waste soils from Brookhaven National Laboratory. The test results for mercury release in the headspace were reported in two reports, ''Measurements of Mercury Released from Amalgams and Sulfide Compounds'' (ORNL/TM-13728) and ''Measurements of Mercury Released from Solidified/Stabilized Waste Forms'' (ORNL/TM-2001/17). The current work did not use a real waste; a surrogate sludge had been prepared and used in the testing in an effort to understand the consequences of mercury speciation on mercury release.

Download or read book Environmental Remediation Technologies for Metal Contaminated Soils written by Hiroshi Hasegawa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive and detailed description of remediation techniques for metal-contaminated soils derived from both natural processes and anthropogenic activities. Using a methodical, step-by-step presentation, the book starts by overviewing the origin of toxicants and the correlated comparative extent of contamination to the environment. The legal provisions as proposed or applied in different countries are then discussed to explain the global regulatory situation regarding soil contamination and the extent of consequent concern. The core part of this publication describes the major techniques for in situ or ex situ treatment of the contaminated soil to meet the regulatory limits. Finally, risk evaluation is incorporated, giving special attention to possible impacts during or after implementation of the remediation strategies. The intrusion of metals in soils mostly occurs from various anthropogenic activities, e.g., agricultural practices, industrial activities, and municipal waste disposal. The volumes of metal-contaminated soil are becoming greater than before and are ever-increasing due to rapid urbanization, intensified industrialization, and/or population booms in certain parts of the world. Hence, the options previously proposed, such as isolation of the contaminated site or movement of the contaminated mass to a secure disposal site after excavation, are becoming unsuitable from the economic point of view, and instead, decontamination alternatives are preferred. This book will help readers such as scientists and regulators to understand the details of the remediation techniques available to deal with the soils contaminated by toxic metals.

Download or read book EPD Congress 2003 written by M. E. Schlesinger and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 14th edition in the EPD Congress series, this volume is concerned with environmental issues, reflecting the increased significance of this facet of metals production and processing. A centerpiece of this volume is the proceedings on mercury management in metals production and recycling, an area in which the breadth of expertise within TMS provides a unique opportunity for comprehensive examination of the topic.

Download or read book Stabilization and Testing of Mercury Containing Wastes written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stabilization of Mercury in Waste Material from the Sulfur Bank Mercury Mine written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stabilization of Mercury containing Wastes Using Sulfide written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stabilization of mercury-containing wastes has received considerable attention recently, due to concerns about air emissions from typically used thermal treatment technologies. Because of the extremely low solubility of mercuric sulfide, sulfide-induced stabilization is considered to be an effective way to immobilize mercury while minimizing mercury emissions. However, little is known of the mechanisms involved. In addition, the process of sulfide-induced stabilization of mercury-containing wastes has not been sufficiently developed; therefore, further research is needed to optimize the process-controlling parameters. In this study, the stabilization of mercury-containing wastes was performed using sodium sulfide. Primary stabilization variables such as stabilization pH, sulfide/mercury (S/Hg) molar ratio, and stabilization time were investigated. Mercury stabilization effectiveness was evaluated using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and constant pH leaching tests. The effectiveness of mercury immobilization by sulfide was tested in the presence of various concentrations of interfering ions. The results demonstrate that stabilization pH and sulfide dosage have significant effects on the stabilization efficacy. It was found that the most effective mercury stabilization occurs at pH 6 combined with a sulfide/mercury molar ratio of 1. The mercury stabilization efficiency reached 99%, even in the presence of interferents. The constant pH leaching results indicate that sulfide-treated mercury wastes produce significantly higher mercury concentrations in high pH (pH>10) leachants relative to others. Nevertheless, the mercury stabilization efficiency was still as high as 99%, even with exposure of the wastes to high pH leachants. Therefore, it is concluded that sulfide-induced stabilization is an effective way to stabilize mercury-containing wastes. The treatment optimization study indicates that the combined use of increased dosage of sulfide and ferrous ions (S/Hg = 2 and Fe/Hg = 3 at pH = 6) can significantly reduce the interferences by chloride and/or phosphate during sulfide-induced mercury immobilization. Visual MINTEQ simulation results indicate that the precipitation of cinnabar is the main mechanism that contributes to the mercury stabilization by sulfide. However, the formation of soluble mercury sulfide species at excess sulfide dosage due to the common ion effect can cause mercury remobilization from sulfide sludge under conditions that can exist in the landfills.

Download or read book Demonstration of ATG Process for Stabilizing Mercury 260 Ppm Contaminated Mixed Waste Mixed Waste Focus Area OST Reference 2407 written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury contaminated wastes in many forms are present at various U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sites. Based on efforts led by the Mixed Waste Focus Area (MWFA) and its Mercury Working Group (HgWG), the inventory of wastes contaminated with 260 ppm mercury and with radionuclides stored at various DOE sites is estimated to be approximately 6,000 m3). At least 26 different DOE sites have this type of mixed low-level waste in their storage facilities. Extraction methods are required to remove mercury from waste containing260 ppm levels, but below 260 ppm Hg contamination levels the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) does not require removal of mercury from the waste. Steps must still be taken, however, to ensure that the final waste form does not leach mercury in excess of the limit for mercury prescribed in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). At this time, the limit is 0.20 mg/L. However, in the year 2000, the more stringent Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) of 0.025 mg/L will be used as the target endpoint. Mercury contamination in the wastes at DOE sites presents a challenge because it exists in various forms, such as soil, sludges, and debris, as well as in different chemical species of mercury. Stabilization is of interest for radioactively contaminated mercury waste (

Download or read book Demonstration of GTS Duratek Process for Stabilizing Mercury Contaminated written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury-contaminated wastes in many forms are present at various U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) sites. At least 26 different DOE sites have this type of mixed low-level waste in their storage facilities, totaling approximately 6,000 m3. Mercury contamination in the wastes at DOE sites presents a challenge because it exists in various forms, such as soil, sludges, and debris, as well as in different chemical species of mercury. Stabilization is of interest for radioactively contaminated mercury waste (

Download or read book Stabilization Demonstrations for Mercury Contaminated Mixed Waste written by Gregory A. Hulet and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Technologies for the Stabilization of Elemental Mercury and Mercury containing Wastes written by Sven Hagemann and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemfix Technologies Inc Solidification stabilization Process written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Demonstration of GTS Duratek Process for Stabilizing Mercury Contaminated 260 Ppm Mixed Wastes Mixed Waste Focus Area OST Reference 2409 written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury-contaminated wastes in many forms are present at various U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sites. Based on efforts led by the Mixed Waste Focus Area (MWFA) and its Mercury Working Group (HgWG), the inventory of wastes contaminated with 260 ppm mercury and with radionuclides stored at various DOE sites is thought to be approximately 6,000 m3 (Conley, Morris, Osborne-Lee, and Hulet 1998). At least 26 different DOE sites have this type of mixed low-level waste in their storage facilities. Extraction methods are required to remove mercury from waste containing260 ppm levels, but below 260 ppm Hg contamination levels the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) does not require removal of mercury from the waste. Steps must still be taken, however, to ensure that the final waste form does not leach mercury in excess of the limit for mercury prescribed in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). At this time, the limit is 0.20 mg/L. However, in the year 2000, the more stringent Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) of 0.025 mg/L will be used as the target endpoint. Mercury contamination in the wastes at DOE sites presents a challenge because it exists in various forms, such as soil, sludges, and debris, as well as in different chemical species of mercury. Stabilization is of interest for radioactively contaminated mercury waste (

Download or read book Demonstration of NFS DeHg Process for Stabilizing Mercury 260 Ppm Contaminated Mixed Waste Mixed Waste Focus Area OST Reference Number 2229 written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury-contaminated wastes in many forms are present at various U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sites. Based on efforts led by the Mixed Waste Focus Area (MWFA) and its Mercury Working Group (HgWG), the inventory of wastes contaminated with 260 ppm mercury and with radionuclides stored at various DOE sites is estimated to be approximately 6,000 m3 (Conley, Morris, Osborne-Lee, and Hulet 1998). At least 26 different DOE sites have this type of mixed low-level waste in their storage facilities. Extraction methods are required to remove mercury from waste containing260 ppm levels, but below 260 ppm Hg contamination levels, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) does not require removal of mercury from the waste. Steps must still be taken, however, to ensure that the final waste form does not leach mercury in excess of the limit for mercury prescribed in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). At this time, the limit is 0.20mg/L. However, in the year 2000, the more stringent Universal Treatment Standard (UTS) of 0.025 mg/L will be used as the target endpoint. Mercury contamination in the wastes at DOE sites presents a challenge because it exists in various forms, such as soil, sludges, and debris. Stabilization is of interest for radioactively contaminated mercury waste (

Download or read book Stabilization solidification Treatment of Mercury Containing Wastes Using Reactivated Carbon and Cement written by Jian Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents the study results for a novel stabilization/solidification (S/S) process for high mercury wastes (Hg> 260 ppm). A relatively low-cost powder reactivated carbon (PAC) was used to stabilize mercury in solid wastes. Then the stabilized wastes were subjected to cement solidification. To improve the mercury adsorption capacity, PAC was impregnated with sulfides to obtain sulfurized PAC (SPAC). It was found that sulfurization of PAC by both CS 2 and Na 2 S significantly improved the mercury stabilization efficiency. For a Hg(NO 3) 2 solution with 40 mg/L initial Hg 2+, the equilibrium concentration of Hg 2+ was lowered to 110 æg/L by SPAC, compared with an equilibrium concentration of 4310 æg/L by PAC. The adsorption efficiency was increased by more than one order of magnitude. The mechanism of sulfurization on mercury adsorption was investigated. It is believed that formation of low solubility mercury-sulfide species was the major cause of this phenomenon. The cement-solidified wastes were subjected to TCLP leach testing and constant pH leach testing. For the constant pH leach testing, the wastes were leached at constant pH values of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 for 14 days. From the experimental results, it was found that, once in the solidified waste form, SPAC particles retained most of the adsorbed mercury, even in the presence of high chloride concentration, possibly due to the build-up of a gel-membrane outside the carbon pores as the hydration of cement proceeded. Experimental results from constant pH leaching tests indicated that the stabilized and solidified wastes were quite stable over a wide pH range after 14 days. A model was developed to simulate mercury sorption by reactivated carbon in stirred batch reactors. The model involved the coupling of a pseudo-second order kinetic model, surface equilibrium models, including the Langmuir isotherm and the Freundlich isotherm, and a material balance equation based on batch reactors. The predicted and real carbon dosages match each other very well. It can be concluded that the S/S process by reactivated carbon and cement is a robust and effective technology for immobilization treatment of high mercury wastes.

Download or read book Mercury Speciation in Savannah River Site High Level Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mercury as a Global Pollutant written by Donald B. Porcella and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xiv PART I MERCURY AND HUMAN HEALTH B. WHEATLEY and S. PARADIS I Exposure of Canadian Aboriginal Peoples to Methylmercury 3-11 M. GIRARD and C. DUMONT I Exposure of James Bay Cree to Methylmercury during Pregnancy for the Years 1983-91 13-19 M. RICHARDSON, M. MITCHELL, S. COAD and R. RAPHAEL I Exposure to Mercury in Canada: A Multimedia Analysis 21-30 M. RICHARDSON, M. EGYED and D. J. CURRIE I Human Exposure to Mercury may Decrease as Acidic Deposition Increases 31-39 L. E. FLEMING, S. WATKINS, R. KADERMAN, B. LEVIN, D. R. AVYAR, M. BIZZIO, D. STEPHENS and J. A. BEAN I Mercury Exposure in Humans through Food Consumption from the Everglades of Florida 41-48 J. M. GEARHART, H. J. CLEWELL III, K. S. CRUMP, A. M. SHIPP and A. SILVERS I Pharmacokinetic Dose Estimates of Mercury in Children and Dose-Response Curves of Performance Tests in a Large Epidemiological Study 49-58 I. SKARE I Mass Balance and Systemic Uptake of Mercury Released from Dental Amalgam Fillings 59-67 J. DELLINGER, N. KMIECIK, S. GERSTENBERGER and H. NGU I Mercury Contamina tion of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: I. Walleye Fillets and Skin-On versus Skin-Off Sampling 69-76 J. DELLINGER, L. MALEK and M. BEATTIE I Mercury Contamination of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: II. Sensory Evoked Responses in Rats Fed Walleye 77-83 H. AKAGI, O. MALM, F. J. P. BRANCHES, Y. KINJO, Y. KASHIMA, J. R. D. GUIMARAES, R. B. OLIVEIRA, K. HARAGUCHI, W. C. PFEIFFER, Y.