Download or read book Definitions and Criteria of Predatory Pricing written by David M. Spector and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is an attempt to clarify the definition of predatory pricing, and to compare various legal criteria for the investigation of predation claims. By constructing a simple but full-fledge model, I show that (i) several definitions of what constitutes predatory pricing, often considered as equivalent, are in fact different; and (ii) the existing justifications for the use of price-cost comparisons (the Areeda-Turner test and its variants) are logically flawed. Other proposed rules, such as Williamson's output restriction rule or Baumol's "permanence of price reduction" rule are also problematic if courts hesitate between viewing a particular market as characterized by competition in prices or by competition in quantities. These remarks lend support to the use of two-tier procedures such as the one advocated by Joskow and Klevorick, and, more generally, lead us to view the rule of reason as superior to any per se rule.
Download or read book Predatory Pricing and the Meaning of Intent written by William S. Comanor and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Antitrust Paradox written by Robert Bork and published by . This book was released on 2021-02-22 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most important book on antitrust ever written. It shows how antitrust suits adversely affect the consumer by encouraging a costly form of protection for inefficient and uncompetitive small businesses.
Download or read book Predatory Pricing written by Louis Phlips and published by Luxembourg : Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. This book was released on 1987 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multi dimensional Approaches Towards New Technology written by Ashish Bharadwaj and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-23 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access edited book captures the complexities and conflicts arising at the interface of intellectual property rights (IPR) and competition law. To do so, it discusses four specific themes: (a) policies governing functioning of standard setting organizations (SSOs), transparency and incentivising future innovation; (b) issue of royalties for standard essential patents (SEPs) and related disputes; (c) due process principles, procedural fairness and best practices in competition law; and (d) coherence of patent policies and consonance with competition law to support innovation in new technologies. Many countries have formulated policies and re-oriented their economies to foster technological innovation as it is seen as a major source of economic growth. At the same time, there have been tensions between patent laws and competition laws, despite the fact that both are intended to enhance consumer welfare. In this regard, licensing of SEPs has been debated extensively, although in most instances, innovators and implementers successfully negotiate licensing of SEPs. However, there have been instances where disagreements on royalty base and royalty rates, terms of licensing, bundling of patents in licenses, pooling of licenses have arisen, and this has resulted in a surge of litigation in various jurisdictions and also drawn the attention of competition/anti-trust regulators. Further, a lingering lack of consensus among scholars, industry experts and regulators regarding solutions and techniques that are apposite in these matters across jurisdictions has added to the confusion. This book looks at the processes adopted by the competition/anti-trust regulators to apply the principles of due process and procedural fairness in investigating abuse of dominance cases against innovators.
Download or read book Predatory Pricing Enforcement Guidelines written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Predatory Pricing written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Centre. This book was released on 1989 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes bibliography
Download or read book Identifying Exclusionary Abuses by Dominant Undertakings Under EU Competition Law written by Eirik Østerud and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author also contrasts the Commission's decisional practice with the case law, assesses approaches under U.S. antitrust law to similar forms of conduct, and incorporates insights from economic theory. --
Download or read book Telecommunications written by Walter Sapronov and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1998-06-23 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a research and reference guide to the telecommunications industry in the United States, providing an account of legislative and policy changes up until the publication of the work. Contributions by scholars in telecommunications law and policy survey the post-1996 legislative field.
Download or read book Predatory Pricing written by William L. Greene and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 1996 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Competition Policy written by Edward Montgomery Graham and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 1997 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing consensus among international trade negotiators and policymakers that a prime area for future multilateral discussion is competition policy. Competition policy includes antitrust policy (including merger regulation and control) but is often extended to include international trade measures and other policies that affect the structure, conduct, and performance of individual industries. This study includes country studies of competition policy in Western Europe, North America, and the Far East (with a focus on Japan) in the light of increasingly globalized activities of business firms. Areas where there are major differences in philosophy, policy, or practice are identified, with emphasis on those differences that could lead to economic costs and international friction. Alternatives for eliminating these costs and frictions are discussed, including unilateral policy changes, bilateral or multilateral harmonization of policies, and creation of new international regimes to supplement or replace national or regional regimes.
Download or read book Antitrust Exemptions and Immunities written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Monopolies and Commercial Law and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microtheory written by William J. Baumol and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1986 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of seventeen previously published essays by William J. Baumol brings together work on the theory of contestable markets, welfare theory, antitrust, pricing, and the history of economic thought. Written between 1971 and 1983, they have sparked productive extensions and criticism in microeconomic theory and provide an engaging intellectual history of one of the leading figures in the field of economics. Baumol introduces each of the book's four parts, presenting his subsequent views on the subjects covered in the reprinted articles, including some important amendments.The book opens with an autobiographical essay that presents the intellectual climate of economics in the 1940s in which Kenneth Arrow, Frank Hahn, Martin Shubik, Otto Eckstein, and Gary Becker were beginning their careers. Baumol's introductory essays to the book's major sections take up the threads from this autobiographical piece and follow them to the development of concepts central to economic theory, applications, and methodology.Three essays in the first part provide an underpinning for the theory of contestable markets. In the second part five essays explore issues in welfare economics such as the role of diminishing and increasing returns may play the role of symmetric obstacles to Pareto optimality. Essays in the third part range from regulation and antitrust to urban economics to the Phillips curve and the pitfalls of using, in the analysis of real issues, dual values derived from linear models when the underlying reality is nonlinear. Those in the concluding part focus on the history of economic ideas such as the Smithian versus Marxian view of business morality and the social interest, the Marxian concept of value transformation, the iron law of wages, and Say's law.William J. Baumol is Professor of Economics by joint appointment at Princeton University and New York University.
Download or read book Federal Trade Commission Decisions written by United States. Federal Trade Commission and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Issues and Objectives of U S Foreign Trade Policy written by United States. Congress. Economic Joint Committee and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Article 82 EC written by Ariel Ezrachi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2009-10-28 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The landscape of European competition law has seen significant changes in the past decade, both in terms of enforcement and substantive application. One of the last frontiers to be subjected to scrutiny has been Article 82. In recent years the European Commission has pushed forward the debate on the nature and scope of Article 82. Of major significance to this debate were the Commission's Consultation Paper on an economic approach to Article 82, the Discussion Paper on the application of Article 82 to exclusionary abuses, and the Commission's recent Guidance on its enforcement priorities in applying Article 82. The debate over the realm of Article 82 EC has raised important questions as to its past and present application. This collection of essays by international experts explores the changing boundaries of Article 82 EC and considers its recent evolution. The chapters cover a range of subjects, including the legal and economic implications of an effects-based approach to Article 82 EC, the recent Commission Guidance on Article 82 EC, the interface between intellectual property rights and competition law, licensing, tying, excessive pricing, and the protection of the consumer interest.
Download or read book Strategy Predation and Antitrust Analysis written by Steven C. Salop and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
