Download or read book Decommissioning of Experimental Breeder Reactor II Complex Post Sodium Draining written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Experimental Breeder Reactor - II (EBR-II) was shutdown in September 1994 as mandated by the United States Department of Energy. This sodium-cooled reactor had been in service since 1964. The bulk sodium was drained from the primary and secondary systems and processed. Residual sodium remaining in the systems after draining was converted into sodium bicarbonate using humid carbon dioxide. This technique was tested at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois under controlled conditions, then demonstrated on a larger scale by treating residual sodium within the EBR-II secondary cooling system, followed by the primary tank. This process, terminated in 2002, was used to place a layer of sodium bicarbonate over all exposed surfaces of sodium. Treatment of the remaining EBR-II sodium is governed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The Idaho Department of Environmental Quality issued a RCRA Operating Permit in 2002, mandating that all hazardous materials be removed from EBR-II within a 10 year period, with the ability to extend the permit and treatment period for another 10 years. A preliminary plan has been formulated to remove the remaining sodium and NaK from the primary and secondary systems using moist carbon dioxide, steam and nitrogen, and a water flush. The moist carbon dioxide treatment was resumed in May 2004. As of August 2005, approximately 60% of the residual sodium within the EBR-II primary tank had been treated. This process will continue through the end of 2005, when it is forecast that the process will become increasingly ineffective. At that time, subsequent treatment processes will be planned and initiated. It should be noted that the processes and anticipated costs associated with these processes are preliminary. Detailed engineering has not been performed, and approval for these methods has not been obtained from the regulator or the sponsors.
Download or read book Planning for Closure and Deactivation of the EBR II Complex written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In January 1994, DOE terminated the Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) Program. Argonne National Laboratory-West (ANL-W) prepared a detailed plan to put Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) in a safe condition, including removal of irradiated fueled subassemblies from the plant, transfer of subassemblies, and removal and stabilization of primary and secondary sodium liquid heat transfer metal. The goal of deactivation is to stabilize the EBR-II complex until decontamination and decommissioning (D & D) is implemented, thereby minimizing maintenance and surveillance. Deactivation of a sodium cooled reactor presents unique concerns. Residual sodium in the primary and secondary systems must be either reacted or inerted to preclude concerns with explosive sodium-air reactions. Also, residual sodium on components will effectively solder these items in place, making removal unfeasible. Several special cases reside in the primary system, including primary cold traps, a cesium trap, a cover gas condenser, and systems containing sodium-potassium alloy. The sodium or sodium-potassium alloy in these components must be reacted in place or the components removed. The Sodium Components Maintenance Shop at ANL-W provides the capability for washing primary components, removing residual quantities of sodium while providing some decontamination capacity. Considerations need to be given to component removal necessary for providing access to primary tank internals for D & D activities, removal of hazardous materials, and removal of stored energy sources. ANL-W's plan for the deactivation of EBR-II addresses these issues, providing for an industrially and radiologically safe complex, requiring minimal surveillance during the interim period between deactivation and D & D. Throughout the deactivation and closure of the EBR-II complex, federal environmental concerns will be addressed, including obtaining the proper permits for facility condition and waste processing and disposal. 2 figs.
Download or read book Complexions Contemporary Ballet written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Material in the Australian performing arts programs and ephemera (PROMPT) collection consists of programs and related items for Australian performing arts organisations, Australian artists performing overseas, professional productions performed in Australia (including those featuring overseas performers) and overseas performances of Australian plays, music, etc.
Download or read book Liquid Metal Reactor Deactivation as Applied to the Experimental Breeder Reactor II written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) at Argonne National Laboratory-West (ANL-W) was shutdown in September, 1994. This sodium cooled reactor had been in service since 1964, and by the US Department of Energy (DOE) mandate, was to be placed in an industrially and radiologically safe condition for ultimate decommissioning. The deactivation of a liquid metal reactor presents unique concerns. The first major task associated with the project was the removal of all fueled assemblies. In addition, sodium must be drained from systems and processed for ultimate disposal. Residual quantities of sodium remaining in systems must be deactivated or inerted to preclude future hazards associated with pyrophoricity and generation of potentially explosive hydrogen gas. A Sodium Process Facility (SPF) was designed and constructed to react the elemental sodium from the EBR-II primary and secondary systems to sodium hydroxide for disposal. This facility has a design capacity to allow the reaction of the complete inventory of sodium at ANL-W in less than two years. Additional quantities of sodium from the Fermi-1 reactor are also being treated at the SPF.
Download or read book Decommissioning Experience from the Experimental Breeder Reactor II written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consistent with the intent of this International Atomic Energy Agency technical meeting, decommissioning operating experience and contributions to the preparation for the Coordinated Research Project from Experimental Breeder Reactor-II activities will be discussed. This paper will review aspects of the decommissioning activities of the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II, make recommendations for future decommissioning activities and reactor system designs and discuss relevant areas of potential research and development. The Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) was designed as a 62.5 MWt, metal fueled, pool reactor with a conventional 19 MWe power plant. The productive life of the EBR-II began with first operations in 1964. Demonstration of the fast reactor fuel cycle, serving as an irradiation facility, demonstration of fast reactor passive safety and lastly, was well on its way to close the fast breeder fuel cycle for the second time when the Integral Fast Reactor program was prematurely ended in October 1994 with the shutdown of the EBR-II. The shutdown of the EBR-II was dictated without an associated planning phase that would have provided a smooth transition to shutdown. Argonne National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy arrived at a logical plan and sequence for closure activities. The decommissioning activities as described herein fall into in three distinct phases.
Download or read book Decommissioning of Fast Reactors After Sodium Draining written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decommissioning of fast reactors and other sodium bearing facilities is a domain in which considerable experience has been accumulated. This publication arises from an IAEA technical meeting convened to address decommissioning experience with fast reactors, in particular with regard to the decommissioning of components after sodium draining. Experience gained from the decommissioning of both active sodium loops and sodium cooled fast reactors was reviewed and analysed. The publication presents information on decommissioning and treatment process development, reactor and facility decommissioning experimental feedback, sodium cooled fast reactor waste characterization and treatment, and reactor decommissioning strategy.
Download or read book Completion of Experimental Breeder Reactor II Sodium Processing at Argonne National Laboratory written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract not provided.
Download or read book Learning from Fukushima written by Peter Van Ness and published by ANU Press. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learning from Fukushima began as a project to respond in a helpful way to the March 2011 triple disaster (earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear meltdown) in north-eastern Japan. It evolved into a collaborative and comprehensive investigation of whether nuclear power was a realistic energy option for East Asia, especially for the 10 member-countries of ASEAN, none of which currently has an operational nuclear power plant. We address all the questions that a country must ask in considering the possibility of nuclear power, including cost of construction, staffing, regulation and liability, decommissioning, disposal of nuclear waste, and the impact on climate change. The authors are physicists, engineers, biologists, a public health physician, and international relations specialists. Each author presents the results of their work.
Download or read book Maintenance Experience with Sodium Systems at Experimental Breeder Reactor II EBR II written by J. D. Leman and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Status of Fast Reactor Research and Technology Development written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Based on a recommendation from the Technical Working Group on Fast Reactors, this publication is a regular update of previous publications on fast reactor technology. The publication provides comprehensive and detailed information on the technology of fast neutron reactors. The focus is on practical issues that are useful to engineers, scientists, managers, university students and professors. The main issues of discussion are experience in design, construction, operation and decommissioning, various areas of research and development, engineering, safety and national strategies, and public acceptance of fast reactors. In the summary the reader will find national strategies, international initiatives on innovative (i.e. Generation IV) systems and an assessment of public acceptance as related to fast reactors."--Résumé de l'éditeur.
Download or read book Operational and Decommissioning Experience with Fast Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operational experience constitutes an important aspect of any fast reactor knowledge base. It is within this context that the IAEA convened a Topical Technical Meeting on Feedback from Operational and Decommissioning Experience with Fast Reactors. This publication presents the proceedings of this meeting.
Download or read book Tank Closure and Waste Management for the Hanford Site written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liquid Metal Cooled Reactors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a survey of worldwide experience gained with fast breeder reactor design, development and operation. Coverage includes state of the art of liquid metal fast reactor development; lead-bismuth cooled (LBC) ship reactor operation experience and LBC fast power reactor development; and treatment and disposal of spent sodium.
Download or read book Experimental Breeder Reactor II EBR II written by Leonard J. Koch and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Koch, former manager of the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II), offers a first-hand account of the development, design, construction, and initial operation of this facility, which has contributed to the foundation of knowledge for all fast reactors. He explains why certain design choices were made while others were rejected. He also outlines how he thinks that future sodium cooled fast reactors should be designed, based on the experience gained with EBR-II. An appendix traces the lineage of EBR-II, including original memos and meeting notes, beginning with Enrico Fermi and Walter Zinn and progressing to the formation of the EBR-II project. B&w photos and illustrations are included. The book is of interest to designers of future fast reactors. There is no subject index.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Power Reactor Technology and Reactor Fuel Processing written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Power Reactor Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 1084 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
