Download or read book Decentralisation Policy in Cambodia written by Arnaldo Pellini and published by . This book was released on 2007-06-01 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyses the characteristics of community participation in Cambodian rural schools. It looks at the spaces for participation created by the decentralisation reforms that the government of Cambodia has undertaken in the education sector through two main policies: school clustering and Priority Action Programme. While institutionalised spaces of participation created by these policies are relatively new, Cambodian communities, despite twenty five years of political turmoil, have traditionally provided support to schools through school associations. The study refers to bonding, bridging, and institutional social capital to explore, respectively, the characteristics of the horizontal links between community members as well as different forms of collective action, and the vertical links between community, schools and local government institutions. Research activities have been conducted at two levels. The first, 'policy level analysis', concerned the review of relevant literature on social capital theory, the principles of democratic decentralisation, Cambodian modern history, national decentralisation reforms, and the human development profile of Cambodia. The second level, 'local level analysis', focused on the province of Kampong Thom to investigate traditions, norms and values that characterise community participation in schools and local social development. Qualitative as well as quantitative empirical data have been obtained through participant observations, questionnaires and checklists, project monitoring data, and semi structured interviews with community members, local government authorities, development workers, and project staff. The analysis from Kampong Thom demonstrates that traditional associations, particularly under the umbrella of the local pagoda (Buddhist temple), represent forms of community actions that were among the first institutions to re-activate after the end of the civil war and Khmer Rouge period in 1979. The linkages between members of these traditional associations are strong and based on trust. This shows that bonding social capital is the driving force behind community mobilization and community support to schools. At the same time, bridging social capital between school association and other types of community based groups is still weak. Likewise, institutional social capital between school associations and schools is hampered by mistrust towards school officials and parents' reluctance to become more involved in educational matters. The conclusion of the study is that, while traditional associations provide material contributions and support to schools, their participation in internal decision making process as well as educational matters is still limited. The trauma caused by years of conflicts and the Cambodian socio cultural norms are factors that explain the difficulty in establishing more democratic spaces for participation. In addition, decentralisation policies in education have so far promoted community participation in schools through the creation of ad hoc committees and councils that have failed to gain the same legitimacy enjoyed by traditional associations at village and community level.
Download or read book Fiscal Decentralization Reform in Cambodia written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2018-12-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews Cambodia's progress in fiscal decentralization since passing the Law on Administrative Management of the Capital, Provinces, Municipalities, Districts and Khans (Organic Law, 2008) and commencing the National Program for Democratic Development, 2010–2019 (which was extended to 2020). Solid progress has been made in providing the architecture for an intergovernmental fiscal transfer system, including recent introduction of the Subnational Investment Fund for which ADB has provided design advisory support and initial capital funding.
Download or read book Decentralisation Policy in Cambodia written by Arnaldo Pellini and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deconcentration and Decentralization Reforms in Cambodia written by Tariq H. Niazi and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzes strategic and programming issues arising from the emerging deconcentration and decentralization reforms in Cambodia and informs the debate on the pace and strategic direction of these reforms. The study looks at the evolving legal and regulatory framework pointing to the gaps and inconsistencies that need to be addressed for a coherent framework over time. The study elaborates on the large cast of complex, and sometimes competing, institutions and the challenges of setting up an equitable and transparent intergovernmental financing system. Evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the government's 10-year national program, the study suggests some critical steps for successful implementation of the reforms, including the need to develop a clear reform policy framework, obtain better coordination among government agencies and between the government and development partners, clarify uncertainties in the assignment of functions between tiers of government, design a robust system on intergovernmental financing, and develop capacities to implement the reforms. The study also suggests some important considerations for ADB programming, including how to best support the deconcentration and decentralization reforms at the central, subnational, and sector levels.
Download or read book The Politics of Decentralisation in Cambodia the District Level written by Netra Eng and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decentralisation has been implemented by the Cambodian government with international donor support. Western aid donors expected that decentralisation would contribute to good governance and democratisation in Cambodia. This thesis examines the actual outcomes of decentralisation, particularly at the district level, since the first election of local councils at commune level in 2002. Through extensive interviews with elected councillors, appointed local administrators, officials in central government ministries, and representatives of non-governmental organisations and aid donors, the research investigates the ways in which the decentralisation programme has been understood, designed and implemented by the government and the ruling party - the Cambodian People's Party (CPP). It also discusses the effects of decentralisation on future governance in Cambodia.Adopting a political economy approach to the study of decentralisation, the thesis argues that the donor-promoted decentralisation in Cambodia has been designed and implemented in a context where power has been successfully consolidated in the hands of the CPP and its informal patronage network within the bureaucracy, the armed forces and the private sector. Because of this, the decentralisation has helped keep the CPP in power and consequently has militated against the emergence of empowered and independent sub-national authorities operating according to rules-based governance. Thus, it has disappointed the goals envisaged by western donors.The CPP's preferred mode of governance, combining predation and neo-patrimonialism, differs sharply from the Western aid donor prescriptions for good governance being promoted through decentralisation. In this context, the behaviour of local actors - local councils and the administration - who occupy the decentralised institutions, the authority and resources given to them, and the accountability relationships that are produced by elections and reform processes can best be understood as having been shaped by rather than challenging the pre-existing power hierarchy. Consequently, the thesis shows that there are unlikely to be democratic gains from decentralisation. The research further suggests that a significant shift of political and economic power from national level elites to local leaders closer to the people, necessary for decentralisation to achieve the goals intended by western donors, is not likely to occur. This state of affairs is expected to remain unchanged in the foreseeable future in spite of the CPP's surprisingly poor performance in the July 2013 national election, when it won twenty-seven fewer seats in the National Assembly than in the 2008 election.
Download or read book The Challenges of Decentralisation Design in Cambodia written by Caroline Rusten and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book School Decentralization in the Context of Globalizing Governance written by Holger Daun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-23 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a review of worldwide economic, political, cultural and educational changes since the beginning of the 1980s, examining new trends in educational governance. It describes the processes of globalization and shows how national education systems have responded. The book explains how world education models have emerged in international agencies and traces the ways these models are borrowed, imitated, imposed and adapted as different countries reform primary and secondary education.
Download or read book Making Decentralization Work written by Lourdes Navaro Pagaran and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) By building capacity and developing strategic partnerships, both at horizontal and vertical structures, provincial and local development committees have effectively managed local demand. Thus, these findings confirm the emerging literature on decentralization that developing effective local governments requires wholesale capacity building and establishing a broad spectrum of support networks. The support from key institutional actors, which enabled the Seila program to sustain its field-level initiatives and to buttress them through institutional and policy backing from central government, suggests that decentralization is indeed both a political decision and outcome of consensus building among politicians and decision makers.
Download or read book Law Harmonisation in Relation to the Decentralisation Process in Cambodia written by Robert B. Oberndorf and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Where Decentralisation Meets Democracy written by Kim Sedara and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Politics of Decentralisation in Cambodia written by Netra Eng and published by . This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International development efforts have increasingly focussed on governance and institutional reform as a means to address poverty and accountability, in particular decentralisation reform wherein public officials are held accountable for their decisions and responses to the voices and demands of the people through local elections, and key public services are provided locally. This book argues that decentralisation reform in Cambodia has failed to transform the existing power relations necessary to produce democracy, accountability and improved service delivery. Instead, the donor's supported reform tend to focus on developing institutions, legal frameworks and capacity building, and have been increasingly resisted or co-opted by local elites to maintain their power. Because of this, governance reforms have left government divided between comparatively transparent donor-funded programme and a public sector mainstream system where everyday accountabilities are still dominated by strong, centralised lines within political parties and central ministries, based on principles of personal loyalty, hierarchy and political stability. This book is the first substantive publication on Cambodia's decentralisation reform with a focus on the new district system of Cambodia's sub-national governance. The author's unique position as a Cambodian opens up new information related to patronage, party and informal networks at national and sub-national levels. Illustrated extensively with quotes and examples from local councillors and officials who are at the center of this reform programme, it captures the local nuance and understanding of the complexity and implication of decentralisation programme and takes the reader inside the real meanings of governance and accountability in Cambodia. It will be of interest to researchers in the fields of decentralisation, public sector reform, the politics of development, local governance, Political Economy and Southeast Asian studies.
Download or read book Impact of Decentralisation on Cambodia s Urban Governance written by Sʹrāṅ Jhāt and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Democracy in Action written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Political Economy of Decentralization Reforms written by Kent Eaton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a framework designed to help international development partners consider the relevance of political economy issues for their programmatic support to decentralization and local government reform. The intention is neither to advocate decentralization in general or in any particular form, nor to presume or privilege any particular decentralization objective. Instead, the purpose is to document the potential value of better understanding how (primarily national and intergovernmental) political and institutional dynamics do or could affect the scope for realizing decentralization reforms aligned with commonly advocated service delivery, governance, and poverty reduction goals. The underlying premise is that systematic analysis of these issues can productively complement the dominantly technical diagnostic work typically carried out by development partners. Specifically, development partners can benefit from better understanding the practical significance of motives that drive politicians and bureaucrats to support or oppose reform at various stages of the decentralization process, from making an initial reform decision to detailed design and implementation. In addition, the authors address how these incentives can weaken, strengthen, or shift in response to changes in political and economic conditions that arise after reform begins. A general approach to conducting political economy of decentralization analysis is outlined, recognizing the need to tailor such analysis to the particular country context. This volume is based on literature reviews and knowledge derived from selected country experiences.
Download or read book Decentralised Governance in a Hybrid Polity written by Seiha Heng and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Making Decentralisation Work written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report offers a comprehensive overview of decentralisation policies and reforms in OECD countries and beyond. Sometimes called a "silent" or "quiet" revolution, decentralisation is among the most important reforms of the past 50 years. The report argues that decentralisation outcomes - in terms of democracy, efficiency, accountability, regional and local development - depend greatly on the way it is designed and implemented. Making the most of decentralisation systems is particularly crucial in the context of a "geography of discontent" and growing divides between places that feel left behind by globalisation and technological change and those that may benefit from the opportunities offered by megatrends. The report identifies 10 guidelines for making decentralisation work and allowing it to be conducive to regional development. Beyond the guidelines, the report proposes concrete tools for policy-makers, including detailed sets of recommendations, checklists, pitfalls to avoid and examples of good practices, both in unitary and federal countries.
Download or read book Stateness and Democracy in East Asia written by Aurel Croissant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparative analysis of case studies across East Asia provides new insights into the relationship between state building, stateness, and democracy.
