Download or read book Cure Monitoring for Composites and Adhesives written by David Mulligan and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report focuses on in-line cure monitoring as a key way of optimising production. The bulk of this review is devoted to coverage of the range of techniques used for cure monitoring. Consideration is also given to other topics relevant to the implementation of cure monitoring processes. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database gives useful references for further reading.
Download or read book Cure Monitoring Techniques for Polymer Composites Adhesives and Coatings written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dielectric Cure Monitoring of Composite Panels During Hot Pressing written by Tyler G. Congleton and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dielectric quantification of material properties is a technology well established in many industries. The application of this concept to the forest products industry to measure adhesive cure, however, has been belated in part due to a lack of proven technology directed at industrial processes and products. It is of great interest to manufacturers to minimize production costs and maximize output. This means being able to identify the minimum time required to cure composite panel products during hot pressing. In the hot-pressing process, material is currently pressed based on a conservative schedule that is actually longer than necessary. The schedule provides what temperatures and pressures are to be used throughout the press cycle to ensure resin cure (cross-linking). In the case of urea-formaldehyde, the resin is subject to strength loss if heat remains applied too long. The objective of the schedule is to cure the resin to an acceptable level and remove the product before degradation can occur. It is difficult to exactly predict the optimum point given all the variables to consider such as panel thickness; moisture and time; press pressure and temperature; and particle geometry, etc. This is where dielectric monitoring can help. Since the critical variable is degree of resin cure, it is logical to design a monitoring system that measures and utilizes it in a feedback control system. As the resin is curing, the molecules and ions become interlaced in a lattice structure during polymerization, reducing rotational and migrational mobility. Rotational and migrational mobility can be quantified dielectrically by applying an oscillating electric field to the material. Included in any monitored dielectric quantity is the effect due to moisture and wood. Studies were conducted to determine their contribution to the readings. Particleboard panels were manufactured in a laboratory environment and monitored with a dielectric system developed by the author. Three different adhesives were used urea - formaldehyde (U F), phenol formaldehyde (PF), and polymeric diphenolmethane diisocyanate (isocyanate, MDI). Dielectric response curves were obtained for each of the resins, and internal bond strength (IB) measurements were taken throughout the curing process of the boards. IB data were charted with dielectric data to show characteristics in the dielectric response curves that could be used to indicate cure status. The dielectric response curves show very encouraging peaks, valleys, and inflection points that seem to correspond to respective cure data. These characteristics could be incorporated into a full-scale system and used in an industrial setting to control and optimize press operations.
Download or read book Handbook of Polymer Blends and Composites written by A. K. Kulshreshtha and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fifth European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring 2010 written by Fabio Casciati and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2010 with total page 1425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Non Destructive Evaluation NDE of Polymer Matrix Composites written by Vistasp M. Karbhari and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-06-30 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increased use of polymer matrix composites in structural applications has led to the growing need for a very high level of quality control and testing of products to ensure and monitor performance over time. Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of polymer matrix composites explores a range of NDE techniques and the use of these techniques in a variety of application areas. Part one provides an overview of a range of NDE and NDT techniques including eddy current testing, shearography, ultrasonics, acoustic emission, and dielectrics. Part two highlights the use of NDE techniques for adhesively bonded applications. Part three focuses on NDE techniques for aerospace applications including the evaluation of aerospace composites for impact damage and flaw characterisation. Finally, the use of traditional and emerging NDE techniques in civil and marine applications is explored in part four. With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of polymer matrix composites is a technical resource for researchers and engineers using polymer matrix composites, professionals requiring an understanding of non-destructive evaluation techniques, and academics interested in this field. Explores a range of NDE and NDT techniques and considers future trends Examines in detail NDE techniques for adhesively bonded applications Discusses NDE techniques in aerospace applications including detecting impact damage, ultrasonic techniques and structural health monitoring
Download or read book Thermal Analysis of Polymers written by Joseph D. Menczel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-07-09 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a solid introduction to thermal analysis, methods, instrumentation, calibration, and application along with the necessary theoretical background. Useful to chemists, physicists, materials scientists, and engineers who are new to thermal analysis techniques, and to existing users of thermal analysis who wish expand their experience to new techniques and applications Topics covered include Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis (DSC/DTA), Thermogravimetry, Thermomechanical Analysis and Dilatometry, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, Micro-Thermal Analysis, Hot Stage Microscopy, and Instrumentation. Written by experts in the various areas of thermal analysis Relevant and detailed experiments and examples follow each chapter.
Download or read book Expanding the Vision of Sensor Materials written by Committee on New Sensor Technologies: Materials and Applications and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-07-06 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in materials science and engineering have paved the way for the development of new and more capable sensors. Drawing upon case studies from manufacturing and structural monitoring and involving chemical and long wave-length infrared sensors, this book suggests an approach that frames the relevant technical issues in such a way as to expedite the consideration of new and novel sensor materials. It enables a multidisciplinary approach for identifying opportunities and making realistic assessments of technical risk and could be used to guide relevant research and development in sensor technologies.
Download or read book Epoxy Composites written by Debdatta Ratna and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2007-08 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In situ Cure Monitoring and Characterization of Graphite epoxy Composites Using Fiber Optics and Ultrasonics written by Jianyin Chen and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced composites can be fabricated by laminating multiple plies into the desired shape, and then cured in an autoclave with simultaneous application of proper heat and pressure. The knowledge of the cure process is very important in order to obtain fully cured and high-quality composites. In-situ sensors capable of monitoring the change of physical and chemical properties during the cure process are therefore desirable. The major aspects of research in this thesis are as follows: The chemical kinetic and rheological properties of AS4/3501-6 Graphite/Epoxy composites are characterized by using Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer. This indicates that at 176°C, the cure reaction is almost fully completed after 60 minutes, and increasing cure temperature results in a noticeable decrease in loss tan 6 and a profound increase in the Tg. Ultrasonic characterization shows that the moduli of 3501-6 epoxy increase with increasing cure temperature, whereas the moduli of AS4/3501-6 composite reach their maximum around 176°C. Also, the moduli of the composite increase with increasing cure time, whereas the moduli of the epoxy, after being cured at 176°C for 80 minutes, exhibit no change. A state-of-the-art fiber-optic and ultrasonic cure processing monitoring system is developed, which consists of ultrasonic transducers with clad buffer rods, Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometric fiber-optic sensors, and a special autoclave feedthrough. This system is workable in an autoclave at high temperature and gas pressure, has high ultrasonic signal to spurious noise ratio, and is suited for longitudinal and/or shear wave measurement. The development of properties of the curing AS4/3501-6 composite is monitored by using in-situ fiber-optic and/or ultrasonic sensors, indicating that (1) both sensors can sense the gelation period; (2) the ultrasonic sensor is able to determine the end-of-cure, while the fiber-optic sensor is not; (3) during the cool-down period the development of thermal mismatch strains between the mold plates and the composite panel, prior to and after the detachment, can be detected by the fiber-optic sensor.
Download or read book Novel Advances in Microsystems Technologies and Their Applications written by Laurent A. Francis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microsystems technologies have found their way into an impressive variety of applications, from mobile phones, computers, and displays to smart grids, electric cars, and space shuttles. This multidisciplinary field of research extends the current capabilities of standard integrated circuits in terms of materials and designs and complements them by creating innovative components and smaller systems that require lower power consumption and display better performance. Novel Advances in Microsystems Technologies and their Applications delves into the state of the art and the applications of microsystems and microelectronics-related technologies. Featuring contributions by academic and industrial researchers from around the world, this book: Examines organic and flexible electronics, from polymer solar cell to flexible interconnects for the co-integration of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) with complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) Discusses imaging and display technologies, including MEMS technology in reflective displays, the fabrication of thin-film transistors on glass substrates, and new techniques to display and quickly transmit high-quality images Explores sensor technologies for sensing electrical currents and temperature, monitoring structural health and critical industrial processes, and more Covers biomedical microsystems, including biosensors, point-of-care devices, neural stimulation and recording, and ultra-low-power biomedical systems Written for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in electrical and biomedical engineering, this book reviews groundbreaking technology, trends, and applications in microelectronics. Its coverage of the latest research serves as a source of inspiration for anyone interested in further developing microsystems technologies and creating new applications.
Download or read book Smart Sensors for Industrial Applications written by Krzysztof Iniewski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensor technologies are a rapidly growing area of interest in science and product design, embracing developments in electronics, photonics, mechanics, chemistry, and biology. Their presence is widespread in everyday life, where they are used to sense sound, movement, and optical or magnetic signals. The demand for portable and lightweight sensors is relentless in several industries, from consumer electronics to biomedical engineering to the military. Smart Sensors for Industrial Applications brings together the latest research in smart sensors technology and exposes the reader to myriad applications that this technology has enabled. Organized into five parts, the book explores: Photonics and optoelectronics sensors, including developments in optical fibers, Brillouin detection, and Doppler effect analysis. Chapters also look at key applications such as oxygen detection, directional discrimination, and optical sensing. Infrared and thermal sensors, such as Bragg gratings, thin films, and microbolometers. Contributors also cover temperature measurements in industrial conditions, including sensing inside explosions. Magnetic and inductive sensors, including magnetometers, inductive coupling, and ferro-fluidics. The book also discusses magnetic field and inductive current measurements in various industrial conditions, such as on airplanes. Sound and ultrasound sensors, including underwater acoustic modem, vibrational spectroscopy, and photoacoustics. Piezoresistive, wireless, and electrical sensors, with applications in health monitoring, agrofood, and other industries. Featuring contributions by experts from around the world, this book offers a comprehensive review of the groundbreaking technologies and the latest applications and trends in the field of smart sensors.
Download or read book Structural Composite Materials written by F. C. Campbell and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with all aspects of advanced composite materials; what they are, where they are used, how they are made, their properties, how they are designed and analyzed, and how they perform in-service. It covers both continuous and discontinuous fiber composites fabricated from polymer, metal, and ceramic matrices, with an emphasis on continuous fiber polymer matrix composites.
Download or read book Composite Structures written by Rani Elhajjar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the latest strategies in the development and use of composite materials for large structures and the effects of defects Practical Design and Validation of Composites Structures: Effects of Defects offers an important guide to the use of fiber-reinforced composites and how they affect the durability and safety of engineering structures such as aircraft, ships, bridges, wind turbines as well as sporting equipment. The text draws on the authors’ direct experience in industry and academia to cover the most recent strategies in the development of composite structures and uniquely integrates the assessment of the effects of defects introduced during production. This comprehensive resource builds on an essential introduction to the characteristics of composites and the most common types of defects encountered in production. The authors review the recent manufacturing methods and technologies used for inspecting composite structures and the design issues related to an analysis of their failure and strength incorporating the variability of processing. The text also contains information on the latest regulatory requirements and the relevant standards associated with the testing and design within a robust design philosophy and approach. This important resource: Offers a comprehensive review of the most current regulatory developments in the use of composites for the construction of complex composite structures Presents information on the basic characteristics of composites Includes testing strategies for determining the impacts of production defects Reviews the most current manufacturing methods and inspection technologies in the field Contains methods for statistical analysis and processing of experimental effects of defects test data Written for professional engineers in mechanical engineering, automotive engineering, aerospace engineering, civil engineering, and energy engineering as well as industry and academic researchers, Practical Design and Validation of Composites Structures: Effects of Defects is the hands-on text that covers the essential information needed to understand the use of composites and how they affect complex engineering projects using composites.
Download or read book Biobased Adhesives written by Manfred Dunky and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biobased Adhesives Unique and comprehensive book edited by acknowledged leaders on biobased adhesives that will replace petroleum-based adhesives. This book contains 23 chapters covering the various ramifications of biobased adhesives. The chapters are written by world-class scientists and technologists actively involved in the arena of biobased adhesives. The book is divided into three parts: Part 1: Fundamental Aspects; Part 2: Classes of Biobased Adhesives; and Part 3: Applications of Biobased Adhesives. Topics covered include: an introduction to biobased adhesives; adhesion theories and adhesion and surface issues with biobased adhesives; chemistry of adhesives; biorefinery products as biobased raw materials for adhesives; naturally aldehyde-based thermosetting resins; natural crosslinkers; curing and adhesive bond strength development in biobased adhesives; mimicking nature; bio-inspired adhesives; protein adhesives; carbohydrates as adhesives; natural polymer-based adhesives; epoxy adhesives from natural materials; biobased polyurethane adhesives; nanocellulose-modified adhesives; debondable, recyclable, and biodegradable biobased adhesives; 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural-based adhesives; adhesive precursors from tree-derived naval stores; and applications in various diverse arenas such as wood bonding, controlled drug delivery, and wearable bioelectronics. Audience This book will interest materials scientists, adhesionists, polymer chemists, marine biologists, food and agriculture scientists, and environmentalists. R&D personnel in a slew of wide-ranging industries such as aviation, shipbuilding, railway, automotive, packaging, construction, wood bonding, and composites should find this book a repository of current and much-needed information.
Download or read book Green Adhesives written by Inamuddin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-06-03 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Green Adhesives: Preparation, Properties and Applications deals with the fabrication methods, characterization, and applications of green adhesives. It also includes the collective properties of waterborne, bio, and wound-healing green adhesives. Exclusive attention is devoted to discussing the applications of green adhesives in biomedical coatings, food, and industrial applications.
Download or read book Characterization and Cure Monitoring of Structural Adhesives written by Walter X. Zukas and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two potential replacement adhesives for a discontinued commercial adhesive were investigated. The composition and curing behavior of the replacements were compared to the commercial system utilizing a number of analytical techniques. High performance liquid chromatography, size exclusion chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis were applied to establish the lot-to-lot consistency of the adhesive component composition. The thermal, dynamic mechanical, rheological, and dielectric properties, as a function of cure, were monitored by differential scanning calorimetry, torsional braid analysis, parallel plate rheometry, and microdielectrometry, respectively. Correlations between the various techniques and the state of cure of the adhesive were made. The glass transition temperature of the adhesive was observed to be a very sensitive measure of the state of cure. Keywords: Adhesives, Characterization, Curing, Analytical techniques, Thermal analysis. (sdw).
