Download or read book Crystallization Kinetics and Crystal Morphology in Thin Poly ethylene Oxide Films written by Michael V. Massa and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crystallization Kinetics of Poly ethylene Oxide written by Frances H. Segouin and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The three main goals of this project are to determine the molecular weight dependence of polyethylene oxide) on the 1) morphology of crystalline material, as seen with the polarizing light microscope, 2) nucleation of the crystalline phase, as demonstrated with an annealing study, and 3) parameters of a mathematical model for crystallization kinetics. Bulk crystallization kinetics of polyethylene oxide) from the melt have been studied for a large molecular weight range, 1500 g/mol to 7,000,000 g/mol. The effects of molecular weight and cooling rate on the width and degree of supercooling of DSC crystallization exotherms have been studied to determine the type of nucleation involved and to determine the relationship between the DSC signals and the morphology of a crystalline sample. As the molecular weight increases, at a cooling rate of twenty degrees per minute, the width-at-half- height of the exothermic DSC peak decreases from seven degrees to approximately three degrees for the low molecular weight samples and increases from three to seven degrees for the high molecular weight samples. The degree of supercooling at which the peaks reach a maximum generally increases from twelve degrees Celsius to above twenty degrees Celsius. The slower the cooling rate the narrower the width at half height of the crystallization peak and the lower the degree of supercooling at the maximum point of the crystallization exotherms. For all of the molecular weight samples, the crystallization peak temperatures increase in the range of one to ten degrees of supercooling from a one-degree-per-minute cooling rate to a twenty degrees-per-minute cooling rate. The average width-at-half-height increases from three to six- degrees Celsius from the one degree-per-minute cooling rate experiment to the twenty degreesper- minute cooling rate experiment. The morphology of the samples varied from a coarse non-interconnected lamellae formation below the critical molecular weight to an interconnected lamellae formation, also known as a spherulite, above the critical molecular weight. The critical molecular weight for polyethylene oxide) is 3400 g/mol. Based on the expression for the linear crystal growth rate, reported by Cheng et al.1, a mathematical model was created to model the DSC crystallization curves. This model, which incorporates heat transfer effects, can model the width and shape of the DSC curves, but the degree of supercooling that the model predicts is generally smaller than the experimental degree of supercooling. While modeling the DSC crystallization curves, it was found that the activation energy for reptation motion, U*, has less of an effect on the model crystallization curves than does the surface energy term, Kg, of the Cheng growth rate expression."--Abstract.
Download or read book Relationships Between Morphological Characteristics Kinetics of Crystallization and Crystallization Temperature for the Dilute Solution Crystallization of Poly ethylene Oxide written by Elaine Rose Williams and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Controlling the Morphology of Polymers written by Geoffrey R. Mitchell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on controlling morphology of different scales for polymers. The authors explain the need for successful control of morphology to yield target macroscopic physical properties in the application of polymers to diverse areas such as engineering materials, nanodielectrics and photonic crystals. The book combines specialized chapters with an introduction to the morphology of polymers and the range of experimental techniques available to evaluate it.
Download or read book Soft Matter And Biomaterials On The Nanoscale The Wspc Reference On Functional Nanomaterials Part I In 4 Volumes written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-06-24 with total page 1885 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is indexed in Chemical Abstracts ServiceSoft and bio-nanomaterials offer a tremendously rich behavior due to the diversity and tailorability of their structures. Built from polymers, nanoparticles, small and large molecules, peptoids and other nanoscale building blocks, such materials exhibit exciting functions, either intrinsically or through the engineering of their organization and combination of blocks. Thus, it is not surprising that a variety of challenges, for example, in energy storage, environment protection, advanced manufacturing, purification and healthcare, can be addressed using these materials. The recent advances in understanding the behavior of soft matter and biomaterials are being actively translated into functional materials systems and devices, which take advantages of newly discovered and specifically created morphologies with desired properties. This major reference work presents a detailed overview of recent research developments on fundamental and application-inspired aspects of soft and bio-nanomaterials and their emerging functions, and will be divided into four volumes: Vol 1: Soft Matter under Geometrical Confinement: From Fundamentals at Planar Surfaces and Interfaces to Functionalities of Nanoporous Materials; Vol 2: Polymers on the Nanoscale: Nano-structured Polymers and Their Applications; Vol 3: Bio-Inspired Nanomaterials: Nanomaterials Built from Biomolecules and Using Bio-derived Principles; Vol 4: Nanomedicine: Nanoscale Materials in Nano/Bio Medicine.
Download or read book Crystallization as Studied by Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy written by Tiberio A. Ezquerra and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new approaches that offer a better characterization of the interrelationship between crystalline and amorphous phases. In recent years, the use of dielectric spectroscopy has significantly improved our understanding of crystallization. The combination of modern scattering methods, using either synchrotron light or neutrons and infrared spectroscopy with dielectrics, is now helping to reveal modifications of both crystalline and amorphous phases. In turn, this yields insights into the underlying physics of the crystallization process in various materials, e.g. polymers, liquid crystals and diverse liquids. The book offers an excellent introduction to a valuable application of dielectric spectroscopy, and a helpful guide for every scientist who wants to study crystallization processes by means of dielectric spectroscopy.
Download or read book Dynamics of Soft Matter written by VICTORIA GARCIA SAKAI and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-18 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamics of Soft Matter: Neutron Applications provides an overview of neutron scattering techniques that measure temporal and spatial correlations simultaneously, at the microscopic and/or mesoscopic scale. These techniques offer answers to new questions arising at the interface of physics, chemistry, and biology. Knowledge of the dynamics at these levels is crucial to understanding the soft matter field, which includes colloids, polymers, membranes, biological macromolecules, foams, emulsions towards biological & biomimetic systems, and phenomena involving wetting, friction, adhesion, or microfluidics. Emphasizing the complementarities of scattering techniques with other spectroscopic ones, this volume also highlights the potential gain in combining techniques such as rheology, NMR, light scattering, dielectric spectroscopy, as well as synchrotron radiation experiments. Key areas covered include polymer science, biological materials, complex fluids and surface science.
Download or read book Non equilibrium Phenomena in Confined Soft Matter written by Simone Napolitano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with those properties of non-equilibrium soft matter that deviate greatly from the bulk properties as a result of nanoscale confinement.The ultimate physical origin of these confinement effects is not yet fully understood. At the state of the art, the discussion on confinement effects focuses on equilibrium properties, finite size effects and interfacial interactions. However this is a limited vision which does not fully capture the peculiar behaviour of soft matter under confinement and some exotic phenomena that are displayed. This volume will be organized in the following three main themes. Equilibration and physical aging: treating non-equilibrium via the formal methodology of statistical physics in bulk, we analyse physical origin of the non-equilibrium character of thin polymer. We then focus on the impact of nanoconfinement on the equilibration of glasses of soft matter (a process of tremendous technological interest, commonly known as physical aging), comparing the latest trends of polymers in experiments, simulations with those of low-molecular weight glass formers. Irreversible adsorption: the formation of stable adsorbed layers occurs at timescales much larger than the time necessary to equilibrate soft matter in bulk. Recent experimental evidence show a strong correlation between the behaviour of polymers under confinement and the presence of a layer irreversibly adsorbed onto the substrate. This correlation hints at the possibility to tailor the properties of ultrathin films by controlling the adsorption kinetics. The book reports physical aspects of irreversible chain adsorption, such as the dynamics, structure, morphology, and crystallization of adsorbed layers. Glass transition and material properties: this section of the book focuses on the spread of absolute values in materials properties of confined systems, when measured by different experimental and computation techniques and a new method to quantify the effects of confinement in thin films and nanocomposites independently on the investigation procedure will be presented.
Download or read book Polymer Morphology written by Qipeng Guo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-21 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a focus on structure-property relationships, this book describes how polymer morphology affects properties and how scientists can modify them. The book covers structure development, theory, simulation, and processing; and discusses a broad range of techniques and methods. • Provides an up-to-date, comprehensive introduction to the principles and practices of polymer morphology • Illustrates major structure types, such as semicrystalline morphology, surface-induced polymer crystallization, phase separation, self-assembly, deformation, and surface topography • Covers a variety of polymers, such as homopolymers, block copolymers, polymer thin films, polymer blends, and polymer nanocomposites • Discusses a broad range of advanced and novel techniques and methods, like x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and electron microscopy and their applications in the morphology of polymer materials
Download or read book Polymer Crystallization written by Günter Reiter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classical view on polymer crystallization basically focused on the expla- tion of a few macroscopically observable parameters like the thickness of the resulting lamellar structure and the corresponding growth rates. However, the emerging paradigm for the description of chain crystals is too simple and cannot account for the complex non-equilibrium processes responsible for structure f- mation on various levels, ranging from the nanometer up to the millimeter scale. This complexity detected by several novel experimental results led to a renewed interest in this ”old” topic of polymer crystallization. These new ?ndings c- cern the early stages of the crystallization process, crystal formation in con?ned geometries like ultra-thin ?lms and the competition between (micro)phase s- aration and crystallization in copolymers and blends. In particular, high spatial resolution techniques such as atomic force microscopy provided deeper insight into the molecular organization of crystallizable polymers. Computer simu- tions based on microscopic processes were used to improve our understanding of how polymer crystals are nucleated and how they grow. New ideas emerged about possible multistage pathways which are followed during the formation of polymer lamellae. The importance and the consequences of the non-equilibrium character of polymer crystals got signi?cantly more attention. Links and ana- gies to growth phenomena and pattern formation in general are being developed. However, these ideas are still subject of intensive and controversial discussions.
Download or read book Polyester Films written by Miko Cakmak and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-07-25 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a comprehensive review of key aspects of polyester film technology, ranging from first principles to practical applications Bringing together world-class experts to review the state-of-the-art of key materials and processing elements of polyester film technology, Polyester Films covers a wide range of topics with direct utility to students, practitioners, business managers and researchers, in academia and industry. Topics covered in this volume include survey of optical and physical properties, microlayer coextrusion, polyester ionomers, polyester blends, biomedical applications and recycling . In particular, the text focuses on novel design and application of polyester films, such as those used in the production of flat panel displays, flexible electronics, and barrier films. The overriding objective of the book is to scope the multitude of options available to material and product designers in manipulating the properties of polyester films to meet specific performance and product criteria. These options include synthetic modifications (copolymerization), physical enhancements (blending), and process upgrades (tenter-frame changes, coextrusion, and coating). Edited by two highly qualified material scientists with extensive experience in academia and industry, Polyester Films covers topics such as: Historical review of polyester film technology Overview of physical performance and applications of key polyester films, especially PET and PEN Synthetic options available for manipulating the structure and properties of polyesters, with special focus on polyester ionomers Main blending options available to enhance the performance of commodity polyesters Rheo-optical properties of polyester films and corresponding testing methodology Micro-layer coextrusion technology as applied to modify the performance of polyester films Bio-medical applications Polyester recycling, with special focus on upcycling With an interdisciplinary approach covering the performance of real-life products and components, Polyester Films is an essential resource for researchers and engineers in academia and industry working in physics, material science, chemistry and process engineering. This volume should also be invaluable for graduate students and early-career researchers in similar fields.
Download or read book Heat of Fusion Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics and Morphology of Poly ethylene co trimethylene Terephthalate Copolyesters written by 張芷維 and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymer Morphology written by Qipeng Guo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-05-16 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a focus on structure-property relationships, this book describes how polymer morphology affects properties and how scientists can modify them. The book covers structure development, theory, simulation, and processing; and discusses a broad range of techniques and methods. • Provides an up-to-date, comprehensive introduction to the principles and practices of polymer morphology • Illustrates major structure types, such as semicrystalline morphology, surface-induced polymer crystallization, phase separation, self-assembly, deformation, and surface topography • Covers a variety of polymers, such as homopolymers, block copolymers, polymer thin films, polymer blends, and polymer nanocomposites • Discusses a broad range of advanced and novel techniques and methods, like x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and electron microscopy and their applications in the morphology of polymer materials
Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crystallization in Multiphase Polymer Systems written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystallization in Multiphase Polymer Systems is the first book that explains in depth the crystallization behavior of multiphase polymer systems. Polymeric structures are more complex in nature than other material structures due to their significant structural disorder. Most of the polymers used today are semicrystalline, and the subject of crystallization is still one of the major issues relating to the performance of semicrystalline polymers in the modern polymer industry. The study of the crystallization processes, crystalline morphologies and other phase transitions is of great significance for the understanding the structure-property relationships of these systems. Crystallization in block copolymers, miscible blends, immiscible blends, and polymer composites and nanocomposites is thoroughly discussed and represents the core coverage of this book. The book critically analyzes the kinetics of nucleation and growth process of the crystalline phases in multi-component polymer systems in different length scales, from macro to nanoscale. Various experimental techniques used for the characterization of polymer crystallization process are discussed. Written by experts in the field of polymer crystallization, this book is a unique source and enables professionals and students to understand crystallization behavior in multiphase polymer systems such as block copolymers, polymer blends, composites and nanocomposites. Covers crystallization of multiphase polymer systems, including copolymers, blends and nanocomposites Features comprehensive, detailed information about the basic research, practical applications and new developments for these polymeric materials Analyzes the kinetics of nucleation and growth process of the crystalline phases in multi-component polymer systems in different length scales, from macro to nanoscale
Download or read book Processing and Finishing of Polymeric Materials 2 Volume Set written by Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-03 with total page 1477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative reference on the processing and finishing of polymeric materials for scientists and practitioners Owing to their versatility and wide range of applications, polymeric materials are of great commercial importance. Manufacturing processes of commercial products are designed to meet the requirements of the final product and are influenced by the physical and chemical properties of the polymeric material used. Based on Wiley's renowned Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, Processing and Finishing of Polymeric Materials provides comprehensive, up-to-date details on the latest manufacturing technologies, including blending, compounding, extrusion,molding, and coating. Written by prominent scholars from industry, academia, and research institutions from around the globe, this reference features more than forty selected reprints from the Encyclopedia as well as new contributions, providing unparalleled coverage of such topics as: Additives Antistatic agents Bleaching Blowing agents Calendaring Casting Coloring processes Dielectric heating Electrospinning Embedding Processing and Finishing of Polymeric Materials is an ideal resource for polymer and materials scientists, chemists, chemical engineers, materials scientists, process engineers, and consultants, and serves as a valuable addition to libraries of chemistry, chemical engineering, and materials science in industry, academia, and government.
