Download or read book Crystal Chemistry and Properties of Materials with Quasi One Dimensional Structures written by J. Rouxel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no doubt that in the development of the Physics and Chemistry of Solids during the last fifteen years, the very important place taken by low-dimensional compounds will be remembered as a major event. Dealing very widely at the beginning with two-dimensional structures and intercalation chemistry, this theme progressively evolved as the synthesis of one-dimensional conductors increased, along with the observation of their remarkable properties. Beyond the classical separation of the traditional disciplines, essential progress has stemmed each time from the concerted efforts of, and overlapping between, chemists, experimental physicists, and theoreticians. This book is a synthetic approach which aims to retrace these united efforts. The observation and characterization of charge density waves in their static or dynamic aspects have been the main points to attract the interest of researchers. Two broad categories of compounds have been the material basis of these observa tions: transition-metal polychalcogenides and either condensed-cluster phases or bronze-type compounds. These families are referred to throughout the various chapters of this book, thus illustrating the continuous progress of concepts in this domain and, at the same time, providing the first synthetic and exhaustive view of this group of materials.

Download or read book Crystal Chemistry and Properties of Materials with Quasi One Dimensional Structures written by J Rouxel and published by . This book was released on 1986-02-28 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electron Spectroscopies Applied to Low Dimensional Structures written by H.P. Hughes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of reduced dimensionality, inherent at the crystallographic level, on the electronic properties of low dimensional materials can be dramatic, leading to structural and electronic instabilities—including supercond- tivity at high temperatures, charge density waves, and localisation—which continue to attract widespread interest. The layered transition metal dichalcogenides have engaged attention for many years, partly arising from the charge density wave effects which some show and the controlled way in which their properties can be modified by intercalation, while the development of epitaxial growth techniques has opened up promising areas based on dichalcogenide heterostructures and quantum wells. The discovery of high-temperature superconducting oxides, and the realisation that polymeric materials too can be exploited in a controlled way for various opto-electronic applications, have further sti- lated interest in the effects of structural dimensionality. It seems timely therefore to draw together some strands of recent research involving a range of disparate materials which share some common char- teristics of low dimensionality. This resulting volume is aimed at researchers with specialist interests in the particular materials discussed but who may also wish to examine the related phenomena observed in different systems, and at a more general solid state audience with broad interests in electronic properties and low dimensional phenomena. Space limitations have required us to be selective as regards particular materials, though we have managed to include those as dissimilar as polymeric semiconductors, superconducting oxides, bronzes and layered chalcogenides.

Download or read book Low Dimensional Electronic Properties of Molybdenum Bronzes and Oxides written by C. Schlenker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of low dimensional conductors goes back to the prediction, more than forty years ago, by Peierls, of the instability of a one dimensional metallic chain, leading to what is known now as the charge density wave state. At the same time, Frohlich suggested that an "ideal" conductivity could be associated to the sliding of this charge density wave. Since then, several classes of compounds, including layered transition metal dichalcogenides, quasi one-dimensional organic conduc tors and transition metal tri- and tretrachalcogenides have been extensively studied. The molybdenum bronzes or oxides have been discovered or rediscovered as low dimensional conductors in this last decade. A considerable amount of work has now been performed on this subject and it was time to collect some review papers in a single book. Although this book is focused on the molybdenum bronzes and oxides, it has a far more general interest in the field of low dimensional conductors, since several of the molybdenum compounds provide, from our point of view, model systems. This is the case for the quasi one-dimensional blue bronze, especially due to the availability of good quality large single crystals. This book is intended for scientists belonging to the fields of solid state physics and chemistry as well as materials science. It should especially be useful to many graduate students involved in low dimensional oxides. It has been written by recognized specialists of low dimensional systems.

Download or read book Carbyne and Carbynoid Structures written by R.B. Heimann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book on one of the most fascinating and controversial areas in contemporary science of carbon, chemistry, and materials science. It concisely summarizes the state of the art in topical and critical reviews written by professionals in this and related fields.

Download or read book Magnetic Properties of Layered Transition Metal Compounds written by L.J. de Jongh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two decades low-dimensional (low-d) physics has matured into a major branch of science. Quite generally we may define a system with restricted dimensionality d as an object that is infinite only in one or two spatial directions (d = 1 and 2). Such a definition comprises isolated single chains or layers, but also fibres and thin layers (films) of varying but finite thickness. Clearly, a multitude of physical phenomena, notably in solid state physics, fall into these categories. As examples, we may mention: • Magnetic chains or layers (thin-film technology). • Metallic films (homogeneous or heterogeneous, crystalline, amorphous or microcristalline, etc.). • I-d or 2-d conductors and superconductors. • Intercalated systems. • 2-d electron gases (electrons on helium, semiconductor interfaces). • Surface layer problems (2-d melting of monolayers of noble gases on a substrate, surface problems in general). • Superfluid films of ~He or 'He. • Polymer physics. • Organic and inorganic chain conductors, superionic conductors. • I-d or 2-d molecular crystals and liquid crystals. • I-d or 2-d ferro- and antiferro electrics.

Download or read book The Physics of Fullerene Based and Fullerene Related Materials written by W. Andreoni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-03-31 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Krätschmer and Huffman's revolutionary discovery of a new solid phase of carbon, solid C60, in 1990 opened the way to an entire new class of materials with physical properties so diverse that their richness has not yet been fully exploited. Moreover, as a by-product of fullerene research, carbon nanotubes were later identified, from which novel nanostructures originated that are currently fascinating materials scientists worldwide. Rivers of words have been written on both fullerenes and nanotubes, in the form of journal articles, conference proceedings and books. The present book offers, in a concise and self-contained manner, the basics of the science of these materials as well as detailed information on those aspects that have so far been better explored. Structural, electronic and dynamical properties are described as obtained from various measurements and state-of-the-art calculations. Their interrelation emerges as well as their possible dependence on, for example, preparation conditions or methods of investigation. By presenting and comparing data from different sources, experiment and theory, this book helps the reader to rapidly master the basic knowledge, to grasp important issues and critically discuss them. Ultimately, it aims to inspire him or her to find novel ways to approach still open questions. As such, this book is addressed to new researchers in the field as well as experts.

Download or read book Neutron Scattering in Layered Copper Oxide Superconductors written by Albert Furrer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phenomenon of superconductivity - after its discovery in metals such as mercury, lead, zinc, etc. by Kamerlingh-Onnes in 19]] - has attracted many scientists. Superconductivity was described in a very satisfactory manner by the model proposed by Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer, and by the extensions proposed by Abrikosov, Gorkov and Eliashberg. Relations were established between superconductivity and the fundamental properties of solids, resulting in a possible upper limit of the critical temperature at about 23 K. The breakthrough that revolutionized the field was made in 1986 by Bednorz and Muller with the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in layered copper-oxide perovskites. Today the record in transition temperature is 133 K for a Hg based cuprate system. The last decade has not only seen a revolution in the size of the critical temperature, but also in the myriads of research groups that entered the field. In addition, high-temperature superconductivity became a real interdisciplinary topic and brought together physicists, chemists and materials scientists who started to investigate the new compounds with almost all the available experimental techniques and theoretical methods. As a consequence we have witnessed an avalanche of publications which has never occurred in any field of science so far and which makes it difficult for the individual to be thoroughly informed about the relevant results and trends. Neutron scattering has outstanding properties in the elucidation of the basic properties of high-temperature superconductors.

Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of Metal Cluster Compounds written by L.J. de Jongh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Friday, February 20, 1980, I had the pleasure to be present at the inaugural lecture of my colleague Jan Reedijk, who had just been named at the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry of Leiden University. According to tradition, the ceremony took place in the impressive Hall of the old University Academy Building. In the course of his lecture, Jan mentioned a number of recent developments in chemistry which had struck him as particularly important or interesting. Among those was the synthesis of large metal cluster compounds, and, to my luck, he showed a slide ofthe molecular structure of [PtI9(C)b]4-. (To my luck, since at traditional Leiden University it is quite unusual to show slides at such ceremonies.) This constituted my first acquaintance with this exciting new class of materials. I became immediately fascinated by this molecule, partly because of the esthetic beauty of its fivefold symmetry, partly because as a physicist it struck me that it could be visualized as an "embryonically small" metal particle, embedded in a shell of CO ligands.

Download or read book Two Dimensional Electron Systems written by E.Y. Andrei and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies on two-dimensional systems have led to new insights into the fascinating interplay between physical properties and dimensionality. Many of these ideas have emerged from work on electrons bound to the surface of a weakly polarizable substrate such as liquid helium or solid hydrogen. The research on this subject continues to be at the forefront of modern condensed matter physics because of its fundamental simplicity as well as its connection to technologically useful devices. This book is the first comprehensive overview of experimental and theoretical research in this exciting field. It is intended to provide a coherent introduction for graduate students and non-experts, while at the same time serving as a reference source for active researchers in the field. The chapters are written by individuals who made significant contributions and cover a variety of specialized topics. These include the origin of the surface states, tunneling and magneto-tunneling out of these states, the phase diagram, collective excitations, transport and magneto-transport.

Download or read book Nuclear Spectroscopy on Charge Density Wave Systems written by T. Butz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR), time differential perturbed angular correlations (TDPAC), and the Mössbauer effect (ME) have been applied to the study of charge density wave (CDW) systems. These hyperfine techniques provide unique tools to probe the structure and symmetry of commensurate CDWs, give a clear fingerprint of incommensurate CDWs, and are ideally suited for CDW dynamics. This book represents a new attempt in the series `Physics and Chemistry of Materials with Low-dimensional Structures' to bring together a consistent group of scientific results obtained by nuclear spectroscopy related to CDW phenomena in pseudo-one- and two-dimensional systems. The individual chapters contain: the theory of CDWs in chain-like transition metal tetrachalcogenides; NMR, NQR, TDPAC, and ME investigations of layered transition metal dichalcogenides; NMR studies of CDW-transport in chain-like NbSe3 and molybdenum bronzes; multinuclear NMR of KCP; high resolution NMR of organic conductors. This book is of interest to graduate students and all scientists who want to acquire a broader knowledge of nuclear spectroscopy techniques applied to CDW systems.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Yamada Conference XV on Physics and Chemistry of Quasi One Dimensional Conductors written by Shoji Tanaka and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Yamada Conference XV on Physics and Chemistry of Quasi One-Dimensional Conductors

Download or read book Charge Density Waves in Solids written by L.P. Gor'kov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest addition to this series covers a field which is commonly referred to as charge density wave dynamics. The most thoroughly investigated materials are inorganic linear chain compounds with highly anisotropic electronic properties. The volume opens with an examination of their structural properties and the essential features which allow charge density waves to develop. The behaviour of the charge density waves, where interesting phenomena are observed, is treated both from a theoretical and an experimental standpoint. The role of impurities in statics and dynamics is considered and an examination of the possible role of solitons in incommensurate charge density wave systems is given. A number of ways to describe charge density waves theoretically, using computer simulations as well as microscopical models, are presented by a truely international board of authors.

Download or read book Crystallography Reviews written by Sander Van Smaalen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-02 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Density Waves In Solids written by George Gruner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ?Density Waves in Solids is written for graduate students and scientists interested in solid-state sciences. It discusses the theoretical and experimental state of affairs of two novel types of broken symmetry ground states of metals, charge, and spin density waves. These states arise as the consequence of electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions in low-dimensional metals.Some fundamental aspects of the one-dimensional electron gas, and of the materials with anisotropic properties, are discussed first. This is followed by the mean field theory of the phases transitions?discussed using second quantized formalism?together with the various experimental observations on the transition and on the ground states. Fluctuation effects and the collective excitations are reviewed next, using the Ginzburg-Landau formalism, followed by the review of the interaction of these states with the underlying lattice and with impurities. The final chapters are devoted to the response of the ground states to external perturbations.

Download or read book Orbital Approach to the Electronic Structure of Solids written by Enric Canadell and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-01-12 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an intuitive yet sound understanding of how structure and properties of solids may be related. The natural link is provided by the band theory approach to the electronic structure of solids. The chemically insightful concept of orbital interaction and the essential machinery of band theory are used throughout the book to build links between the crystal and electronic structure of periodic systems. In such a way, it is shown how important tools for understanding properties of solids like the density of states, the Fermi surface etc. can be qualitatively sketched and used to either understand the results of quantitative calculations or to rationalize experimental observations. Extensive use of the orbital interaction approach appears to be a very efficient way of building bridges between physically and chemically based notions to understand the structure and properties of solids.

Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of Low Dimensional Inorganic Conductors written by C. Schlenker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of low-dimensional conductors has been very active for more than twenty years. It has grown continuously and both the inorganic and organic materials have remark able properties, such as charge and spin density waves and superconductivity. The discovery of superconductivity at high temperature in copper-based quasi two-dimensional conducting oxides nearly ten years ago has further enlarged the field and stimulated new research on inorganic conductors. It was obviously impossible to cover such a broad field in a ten day Institute and it seemed pertinent to concentrate on inorganic conductors, excluding the high Tc superconducting oxides. In this context, it was highly desirable to include both physics and chemistry in the same Institute in order to tighten or in some cases to establish links between physicists and chemists. This Advanced Study Institute is the continuation of a series of similar ones which have taken place every few years since 1974. 73 participants coming from 13 countries have taken part in this School at the beautiful site of the Centre de Physique des Houches in the Mont-Blanc mountain range. The scientific programme included more than forty lectures and seminars, two poster sessions and ten short talks. Several discussion sessions were organized for the evenings, one on New Materials, one on New Topics and one on the special problem of the Fermi and Luttinger liquids. The scientific activity was kept high from the beginning to the end of the Institute.