Download or read book Markets in the Making written by Michel Callon and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slicing through blunt theories of supply and demand, Callon presents a rigorously researched but counterintuitive model of how everyday market activity gets produced. If you’re convinced you know what a market is, think again. In his long-awaited study, French sociologist and engineer Michel Callon takes us to the heart of markets, to the unsung processes that allow innovations to become robust products and services. Markets in the Making begins with the observation that stable commercial transactions are more enigmatic, more elusive, and more involved than previously described by economic theory. Slicing through blunt theories of supply and demand, Callon presents a rigorously researched but counterintuitive model of market activity that emphasizes what people designing products or launching startups soon discover—the inherent difficulties of connecting individuals to things. Callon’s model is founded upon the notion of “singularization,” the premise that goods and services must adapt and be adapted to the local milieu of every individual whose life they enter. Person by person, thing by thing, Callon demonstrates that for ordinary economic transactions to emerge en masse, singular connections must be made. Pushing us to see markets as more than abstract interfaces where pools of anonymous buyers and sellers meet, Callon draws our attention to the exhaustively creative practices that market professionals continuously devise to entangle people and things. Markets in the Making exemplifies how prototypes, fragile curiosities that have only just been imagined, are gradually honed into predictable objects and practices. Once these are active enough to create a desired effect, yet passive enough to be transferred from one place to another without disruption, they will have successfully achieved the status of “goods” or “services.” The output of this more ample process of innovation, as redefined by Callon, is what we recognize as “the market”—commercial activity, at scale. The capstone of an influential research career at the forefront of science and technology studies, Markets in the Making coherently integrates the empirical perspective of product engineering with the values of the social sciences. After masterfully redescribing how markets are made, Callon culminates with a strong empirical argument for why markets can and should be harnessed to enact social change. His is a theory of markets that serves social critique.

Download or read book Markets of One written by James H. Gilmore and published by Harvard Business Review (Hardc. This book was released on 2000 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does it mean "to dell?" This newly coined business verb means to mass-customize, making products only in response to actual demand. This allows a product to "go direct" to a customer, and it's what Dell Computer does instead of forcing mass-produced computers on its customers. And Dell's not alone. As Editors Jim Gilmore and Joe Pine point out in their introduction to Markets of One, mass customization is a trend that has caught on among consumer and business-to-business companies alike - think of Levi's jeans, Aramark's hospital services, Select Comfort mattresses, and Peapod or Streamline grocery delivery, to name a few. Companies customize their offerings to meet the unique needs of individual customers so that nearly everyone can obtain exactly what they want at a reasonable price. It's a paradigm shift away from the one-size-fits-all way managers have thought about markets over the past century- today, every individual customer is a market of one. This collection of ten Harvard Business Review articles chronicles the evolution of business competition from mass markets to markets of one-in other words, from creating standardized value through mass production to creating customer-unique value through mass customization. The book examines many of the resulting changes in approach to strategy and operations-for example, moving from pushing products to fulfilling individual needs, from focusing solely on market share to measuring customer share, and from marketing to the masses to cultivating learning relationships with each customer. Markets of One offers the best of the leading thinkers on the topic, exploring both the promise and pitfalls of mass customization. Practical applications are presented with examples of leading companies who successfully mass customize for markets of one. A Harvard Business Review Book

Download or read book Macro Markets written by Robert J. Shiller and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1994-04-07 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macro Markets puts forward a unique and authoritative set of detailed proposals for establishing new markets for the management of the biggest economic risks facing society. Our existing financial markets are seen as being inadequate in dealing with such risks and Professor Shiller suggests major new markets as solutions to the problem. Shiller argues that although some risks, such as natural disaster or temporary unemployment, are shared by society, most risks are borne by the individual and standards of living determined by luck. He investigates whether a new technology of markets could make risk-sharing possible, and shows how new contracts could be designed to hedge all manner of risks to the individual's living standards. He proposes new international markets for perpetual claims on national incomes, and on components and aggregates of national incomes, concluding that these markets may well dwarf our stock markets in their activity and significance. He also argues for new liquid international markets for residential and commercial property. Establishing such unprecedented new markets presents some important technical problems which Shiller attempts to solve with proposals for implementing futures markets on perpetual claims on incomes, and for the construction of index numbers for cash settlement of risk management contracts. These new markets could fundamentally alter and diminish international economic fluctuations, and reduce the inequality of incomes around the world.

Download or read book The Creation of Markets for Ecosystem Services in the United States written by Mattijs van Maasakkers and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Creation of Markets for Ecosystem Services in the United States is a detailed analysis of the most advanced efforts to create markets for ecosystem services in the United States. With the help of in-depth case studies of three well-known attempts to create such markets––in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, the Ohio River basin and the Willamette River basin––the book explains why very few of these markets have actually succeeded even after close to two decades of much scholarly enthusiasm, significant federal funding and concerted efforts by NGOs, government agencies and private businesses. Based on interviews, policy analysis and participatory observation, three features of markets for ecosystem services emerge as particularly problematic. First, the logic of displacement or the idea that particular elements of an ecosystem can be separated and traded across landscapes or watersheds runs counter to political interests, environmental beliefs and people's connections to specific places. The second problem is that of measurement. Quantification methods embed a range of often contentious assumptions and decisions about what counts when restoring ecosystems. The third problem is related to participation in environmental decision-making.

Download or read book Creating New Markets in the Digital Economy written by Irene C. L. Ng and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-20 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides practical advice to help readers innovate and identify new business models, products and services within the connected digital economy.

Download or read book Making Markets written by Mitchel Y. Abolafia and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2001-10-30 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the wake of million-dollar scandals brought about by Michael Milken, Ivan Boesky, and their like, Wall Street seems like the province of rampant individualism operating at the outermost extremes of self-interest and greed. But this, Mitchel Abolafia suggests, would be a case of missing the real culture of the Street for the characters who dominate the financial news. Making Markets, an ethnography of Wall Street culture, offers a more complex picture of how the market and its denizens work. Not merely masses of individuals striving independently, markets appear here as socially constructed institutions in which the behavior of traders is suspended in a web of customs, norms, and structures of control. Within these structures we see the actions that led to the Drexel Burnham and Salomon Brothers debacles not as bizarre aberrations, but as mere exaggerations of behavior accepted on the Street. Abolafia looks at three subcultures that coexist in the world of Wall Street: the stock, bond, and futures markets. Through interviews, anecdotes, and the author’s skillful analysis, we see how traders and New York Stock Exchange “specialists” negotiate the perpetual tension between short-term self-interest and long-term self-restraint that marks their respective communities—and how the temptation toward excess spurs market activity. We also see the complex relationships among those market communities—why, for instance, NYSE specialists resent the freedoms permitted over-the-counter bond traders and futures traders. Making Markets shows us that what propels Wall Street is not a fundamental human drive or instinct, but strategies enacted in the context of social relationships, cultural idioms, and institutions—a cycle that moves between phases of unbridled self-interest and collective self-restraint."

Download or read book Creating and Dominating New Markets written by Peter Meyer and published by AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. This book was released on 2002 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creating and dominating a brand new market is the Holy Grail for business owners and managers. Having no competition means that you can make and survive mistakes, attract and keep top talent, and price to market rather than to competitive pressure. What's more, when you prove that your're a market visionary, you can expect increased profits and higher stock prices to reward your efforts. And you'll enjoy the excitement and satisfaction -- the sheer fun -- of creating something new. But for every new market success, there are countless enterprises that burn millions of dollars trying and failing to create a viable market. How can companies avoid such failures? Creating and Dominating New Markets gives you a blueprint for doing just that. Packed with specific applications and ideas, this breakthrough book shows you how to emulate the remarkable triumphs of savvy companies like Microsoft, FedEx, and Palm. It recounts the fascinating stories behind market-creating companies like Daimler at the turn of the century and America Online at the dawn of the Internet age. The book explains how to formulate a plan for market domination, first by tackling basics -- like what factors all successful new market ventures have in common -- and then by exploring how to determine the right niche to target.

Download or read book Essay on the Expediency and Practicability of Improving Or Creating Home Markets written by George Tibbits and published by . This book was released on 1827 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Creating Capital Markets in Central and Eastern Europe written by Gerhard Pohl and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses the challenge Hungary faces in overcoming threatening deficits in its current and fiscal accounts without hampering economic growth. The Hungarian economy is emerging from a severe four-year recession with positive developments on numerous economic fronts, but with major weaknesses remaining because of large current and fiscal account deficits. This book addresses the challenge Hungary faces in overcoming these deficits without hampering economic growth. The report examines the country's macroeconomic performance in the first half of the 1990s and the stabilization package launched in March 1995. It explores the structure of fiscal revenues, pension reform, and enterprise and banking reforms. The study also looks at the impact of structural reforms on future economic growth and at Hungary's bid to integrate with the European Union.

Download or read book Creating Powerful Brands in Consumer Service and Industrial Markets written by Leslie De Chernatony and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Creating Powerful Brands" covers areas such as e-branding and e- marketing, with some additions and updated advertisement/brand images.

Download or read book Solution Selling Creating Buyers in Difficult Selling Markets written by Michael T. Bosworth and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1995 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this age of rapidly-advancing technology, sales professionals need a reliable method for selling products and services that are perceived as sophisticated or complex. This book offers techniques for overcoming the customer's resistance, showing how to generate prospects and new business with a unique value-perception approach, create a set of tools that enable sales managers to manage pipeline, assign prospecting activity, control the cost of sales, and more.

Download or read book Creating Philanthropic Capital Markets written by Lucy Bernholz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-26 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through a coherent framework for pursuing such far-ranging changes, this easy-to-understand book addresses new ways for individuals and organizations to invest grant funds, approach regulatory structures that guide giving, and define their goals, activities, outcomes, and achievements. The author applies basic principles of industrial theory and evolution to examine, with a trained scholar’s eye, how individual organizations, associations, and the philanthropic infrastructure can work more effectively. Order your copy today!

Download or read book Memoir on the Expediency and Practicability of Improving Or Creating Home Markets for the Sale of Agricultural Productions and Raw Materials written by George Tibbits and published by . This book was released on 1827 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Winning in Emerging Markets written by Tarun Khanna and published by Harvard Business Press. This book was released on 2010-04-28 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The best way to select emerging markets to exploit is to evaluate their size or growth potential, right? Not according to Krishna Palepu and Tarun Khanna. In Winning in Emerging Markets, these leading scholars on the subject present a decidedly different framework for making this crucial choice. The authors argue that the primary exploitable characteristic of emerging markets is the lack of institutions (credit-card systems, intellectual-property adjudication, data research firms) that facilitate efficient business operations. While such "institutional voids" present challenges, they also provide major opportunities-for multinationals and local contenders. Palepu and Khanna provide a playbook for assessing emerging markets' potential and for crafting strategies for succeeding in those markets. They explain how to: · Spot institutional voids in developing economies, including in product, labor, and capital markets, as well as social and political systems · Identify opportunities to fill those voids; for example, by building or improving market institutions yourself · Exploit those opportunities through a rigorous five-phase process, including studying the market over time and acquiring new capabilities Packed with vivid examples and practical toolkits, Winning in Emerging Markets is a crucial resource for any company seeking to define and execute business strategy in developing economies.

Download or read book Untapped written by John Weiser and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2006-06-11 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most companies mistakenly dismiss low-income markets as commercial wastelands. Yet many top corporations -- including IBM, Ford, Hewlett Packard, and Texas Instruments -- have discovered that investing in and partnering with underserved communities can yield significant profits. Based on rigorous research spanning seven years and 50 cases, ""Untapped"" shows how serving consumers and suppliers at the bottom of the pyramid can be the key to addressing corporations' pressing needs: increased sales, a qualified workforce, marketable innovations, reduced costs, and increased quality. But as corporations benefit, so too do communities, through better products, prices, and services, more meaningful job opportunities, and an increased market for their own goods and services. The authors' blend of proven strategies, practical tools, case studies, and cogent insight shows managers how to maximize profits while helping community residents increase income and assets, creating a relationship of mutual gain.

Download or read book Value Creation in Middle Market Private Equity written by Mr John A Lanier and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2015-02-28 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seen as the job creating engine within the U.S. economy, small business is often a prime target market for private equity investment. Indeed, private equity backs over six of each 100 private sector jobs. Both the small businesses in which private equity firms invest, and the private equity firms making the investments, face inter- and intra-company fiduciary leadership challenges while implementing formulated strategy. The architecture of each private equity firm-portfolio company relationship must be uniquely crafted to capitalize on projected ROI that is memorialized in the investment thesis. Given the leveraged capital structure of portfolio companies, the cost of a misstep is problematic. In Value -Creation in Middle Market Private Equity, John A. Lanier examines relationships between middle market private equity firms and their portfolio companies.

Download or read book The Illusion of Free Markets written by Bernard E. Harcourt and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely believed today that the free market is the best mechanism ever invented to efficiently allocate resources in society. Just as fundamental as faith in the free market is the belief that government has a legitimate and competent role in policing and the punishment arena. This curious incendiary combination of free market efficiency and the Big Brother state has become seemingly obvious, but it hinges on the illusion of a supposedly natural order in the economic realm. The Illusion of Free Markets argues that our faith in “free markets” has severely distorted American politics and punishment practices. Bernard Harcourt traces the birth of the idea of natural order to eighteenth-century economic thought and reveals its gradual evolution through the Chicago School of economics and ultimately into today’s myth of the free market. The modern category of “liberty” emerged in reaction to an earlier, integrated vision of punishment and public economy, known in the eighteenth century as “police.” This development shaped the dominant belief today that competitive markets are inherently efficient and should be sharply demarcated from a government-run penal sphere. This modern vision rests on a simple but devastating illusion. Superimposing the political categories of “freedom” or “discipline” on forms of market organization has the unfortunate effect of obscuring rather than enlightening. It obscures by making both the free market and the prison system seem natural and necessary. In the process, it facilitated the birth of the penitentiary system in the nineteenth century and its ultimate culmination into mass incarceration today.