Download or read book Covalently Bonded Functional Layers on Semiconductor Surfaces written by Yun-Hui Li and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Functionalization of Semiconductor Surfaces written by Franklin Tao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-10 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents both fundamental knowledge and latest achievements of this rapidly growing field in the last decade. It presents a complete and concise picture of the the state-of-the-art in the field, encompassing the most active international research groups in the world. Led by contributions from leading global research groups, the book discusses the functionalization of semiconductor surface. Dry organic reactions in vacuum and wet organic chemistry in solution are two major categories of strategies for functionalization that will be described. The growth of multilayer-molecular architectures on the formed organic monolayers will be documented. The immobilization of biomolecules such as DNA on organic layers chemically attached to semiconductor surfaces will be introduced. The patterning of complex structures of organic layers and metallic nanoclusters toward sensing techniques will be presented as well.
Download or read book Semiconductor Surfaces and Interfaces written by Winfried Mönch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor Surfaces and Interfaces deals with structural and electronic properties of semiconductor surfaces and interfaces. The first part introduces the general aspects of space-charge layers, of clean-surface and adatom-included surfaces states, and of interface states. It is followed by a presentation of experimental results on clean and adatom-covered surfaces which are explained in terms of simple physical and chemical concepts and models. Where available, results of more refined calculations are considered. A final chapter is devoted to the band lineup at semiconductor interfaces.
Download or read book Functionalization of Semiconductor Surfaces written by Franklin Tao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-16 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents both fundamental knowledge and latest achievements of this rapidly growing field in the last decade. It presents a complete and concise picture of the the state-of-the-art in the field, encompassing the most active international research groups in the world. Led by contributions from leading global research groups, the book discusses the functionalization of semiconductor surface. Dry organic reactions in vacuum and wet organic chemistry in solution are two major categories of strategies for functionalization that will be described. The growth of multilayer-molecular architectures on the formed organic monolayers will be documented. The immobilization of biomolecules such as DNA on organic layers chemically attached to semiconductor surfaces will be introduced. The patterning of complex structures of organic layers and metallic nanoclusters toward sensing techniques will be presented as well.
Download or read book Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office written by United States. Patent and Trademark Office and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Functional Polymer Films 2 Volume Set written by Wolfgang Knoll and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-12 with total page 1107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very thin film materials have emerged as a highly interesting and useful quasi 2D-state functionality. They have given rise to numerous applications ranging from protective and smart coatings to electronics, sensors and display technology as well as serving biological, analytical and medical purposes. The tailoring of polymer film properties and functions has become a major research field. As opposed to the traditional treatise on polymer and resin-based coatings, this one-stop reference is the first to give readers a comprehensive view of the latest macromolecular and supramolecular film-based nanotechnology. Bringing together all the important facets and state-of-the-art research, the two well-structured volumes cover film assembly and depostion, functionality and patterning, and analysis and characterization. The result is an in-depth understanding of the phenomena, ordering, scale effects, fabrication, and analysis of polymer ultrathin films. This book will be a valuable addition for Materials Scientists, Polymer Chemists, Surface Scientists, Bioengineers, Coatings Specialists, Chemical Engineers, and Scientists working in this important research field and industry.
Download or read book Understanding Surface and Thin Film Science written by Thomas M. Christensen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-08 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a conceptual overview of surface and thin film science, providing a basic and straightforward understanding of the most common ideas and methods used in these fields. Fundamental scientific ideas, deposition methods, and characterization methods are all examined. Relying on simple, conceptual models and figures, fundamental scientific ideas are introduced and then applied to surfaces and thin films in the first half of the book. Topics include vacuum and plasma environments, crystal structure, atomic motion, thermodynamics, electrical and magnetic properties, optical and thermal properties, and adsorbed atoms on surfaces. Common methods of gas-phase thin film deposition are then introduced, starting with an overview of the film growth process and then a discussion of both physical and chemical vapor deposition methods. This is followed by an overview of a wide range of characterization techniques including imaging, structural, chemical, electrical, magnetic, optical, thermal, and mechanical techniques. Thin film science is a natural extension of surface science, especially as applications involve thinner and thinner films; distinct from other literature in the field, this book combines the two topics in a single volume. Simple, conceptual models and figures are used, supported by some mathematical expressions, to convey key ideas to students as well as practicing engineers, scientists, and technicians.
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Symposium on Semiconductor Wafer Bonding written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Semiconductor Surfaces and Interfaces written by Winfried Mönch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition has been thoroughly revised and updated. In particular it now includes an extensive discussion of the band lineup at semiconductor interfaces. The unifying concept is the continuum of interface-induced gap states.
Download or read book Metal Semiconductor Schottky Barrier Junctions and Their Applications written by B.L. Sharma and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present-day semiconductor technology would be inconceivable without extensive use of Schottky barrier junctions. In spite of an excellent book by Professor E.H. Rhoderick (1978) dealing with the basic principles of metal semiconductor contacts and a few recent review articles, the need for a monograph on "Metal-Semiconductor Schottky Barrier Junctions and Their Applications" has long been felt by students, researchers, and technologists. It was in this context that the idea of publishing such a monograph by Mr. Ellis H. Rosenberg, Senior Editor, Plenum Publishing Corporation, was considered very timely. Due to the numerous and varied applications of Schottky barrier junctions, the task of bringing it out, however, looked difficult in the beginning. After discussions at various levels, it was deemed appropriate to include only those typical applications which were extremely rich in R&D and still posed many challenges so that it could be brought out in the stipulated time frame. Keeping in view the larger interest, it was also considered necessary to have the different topics of Schottky barrier junctions written by experts.
Download or read book Semiconductor Wafer Bonding VIII Science Technology and Applications written by and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2005 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Physics and Applications of Amorphous Semiconductors written by Arun Madan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, detailed treatise on the physics and applications of the new emerging technology of amorphous semiconductors focuses on specific device research problems such as the optimization of device performance. The first part of the book presents hydrogenated amorphous silicon type alloys, whose applications include inexpensive solar cells, thin film transistors, image scanners, electrophotography, optical recording and gas sensors. The second part of the book discusses amorphous chalcogenides, whose applications include electrophotography, switching, and memory elements. This book will serve as an excellent reference source for solid state scientists and engineers, and as a useful self-contained introduction to the field for graduate students.
Download or read book Organic Functionalization of Ge 100 2 1 written by Keith T. Wong and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic functionalization of semiconductor surfaces allows established knowledge of inorganic semiconductor-based microelectronics to be combined with highly tailorable organic molecules to enable novel technologies. Such molecular level control may contribute to continued microelectronics device scaling as well as permit new device functionality that does not directly depend on device dimensions. The latter is of increasing interest as integrated circuit dimensions approach atomic length scales and physical limitations restrict continued device scaling. Application of organic functionalization requires a detailed understanding of semiconductor surface chemistry, and the work in this thesis is aimed at growing our fundamental understanding of the chemistry at these surfaces. Using primarily the Ge(100)-2×1 surface as a model system, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments in ultra-high vacuum and quantum chemical calculations were performed to elucidate specific features of organic functionalization chemistry. Most studies in the organic functionalization literature focus on understanding the reactivity of individual molecules. Part of this thesis is devoted to bringing together such results and using density functional theory calculations to reveal broader trends in functionalization chemistry. In particular, it is shown that reactivity of organic molecules at semiconductor surfaces often follows periodic trends. On the Ge(100)-2×1 surface, X--Ge dative bond strength for analogous functional groups increases for heteroatoms, X, located lower in a group or to the left in a period. The same trends apply on the Si(100)-2×1 surface, although dative bonding is overall more favorable on Si than on Ge. On the other hand, for ordinary covalent bonds to the Ge(100)-2×1 surface, bond strength decreases down the periodic table. To provide an understanding of their chemical origin, these trends are explained by differences in electron affinity, electronegativity, and atomic size or orbital overlap. Besides showing how atomic properties relate to surface reactivity, identification of periodic trends offers a powerful tool for predicting reactivity by extending results from one system to related systems. Developing a broad knowledge of how different organic functional groups react at a semiconductor surface provides a foundation for future applications of organic functionalization. To this end, a number of adsorbates with functional groups that have not been previously studied in detail were investigated at the Ge(100)-2×1 surface including dimethyl sulfoxide, trimethyl phosphite, and dimethyl phosphite. Dimethyl sulfoxide undergoes S--C dissociation to form surface-bound methyl and CH3SO¬ fragments and S=O dissociation which leaves adsorbed atomic oxygen at the surface. Both reaction pathways traverse through an oxygen dative-bonded intermediate, which is favored over S--Ge dative bonding due to the dipolar nature of the sulfoxide functional group. Studies of trimethyl phosphite and dimethyl phosphite represent the first detailed studies of adsorption of phosphorus-based functional groups at the Ge(100)-2×1 surface aside from phosphines. Trimethyl phosphite undergoes C--O dissociation of one of its methoxy groups to form dimethyl germylphosphonate, while dimethyl phosphite undergoes C--O and P--H dissociation forming methyl germyl phosphonate and dimethyl germylphosphonate, respectively. As with dimethyl sulfoxide, multiple dative-bonded intermediates are possible for trimethyl phosphite and dimethyl phosphite, and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the stability of the dative-bonded intermediates plays a large role in determining the reaction pathway. Recently, much attention in organic functionalization has turned to adsorption of molecules with more than one functional group, which can adsorb while leaving one or more functional group exposed to enable further chemistry or impart specific properties. However, multifunctional molecules add a layer of complexity in achieving selective surface attachment. Two sets of homobifunctional molecules--diisocyanates and cyclohexanediamines--were studied to elucidate how changes in the molecular backbone affect adsorption. Although differing in their attachment chemistry, the results for both sets of adsorbates show that small changes in the backbone geometry or composition can affect not only whether adsorption occurs through one or both functional groups, but also the reaction pathway. Isocyanates primarily react with the Ge(100)-2×1 surface by [2+2] cycloaddition across the C=N bond, and bonding via both functional groups of a diisocyanate is favored for an alkyl versus aryl backbone. Interestingly, in all cases, [2+2] cycloaddition across the C=O bond accounts for a small percentage of products despite such reaction not being observed for monofunctional isocyanates. This result shows that bifunctionality may enable reaction pathways that do not occur for monofunctional molecules. For all cyclohexanediamine isomers, experiments show that a mixture of N dative bonded and N--H dissociated amines are observed, but the ratio of dative bonding to dissociation varies by isomer. Density functional theory calculations are employed to show that the differences in reactivity are driven primarily by small differences in strain of the adsorbate and surface-adsorbate bonds. Although achieving selective attachment of bifunctional molecules remains a challenge, these results demonstrate tools that may be used for such purposes. Overall, this thesis addresses several important topics in semiconductor organic functionalization: periodic trends in reactivity, reaction of new functional groups, the importance and role of dative bonding, and effects of molecular properties on reactivity of bifunctional molecules. Together, these studies continue to advance our understanding of fundamental chemistry at semiconductor surfaces with the ultimate aim of designing organic adsorbates from the ground up for specific applications.
Download or read book Functional Nanomaterials written by Wai-Yeung Wong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-06-07 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functional Nanomaterials Presents the most recent advances in the production and applications of various functional nanomaterials As new synthetic methods, characterization technologies, and nanomaterials (NMs) with novel physical and chemical properties are developed, researchers and scientists across disciplines need to keep pace with advancements in the dynamic field. Functional Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications provides comprehensive coverage of fundamental concepts, synthetic methods, characterization technologies, device fabrication, performance evaluation, and both current and emerging applications. Contributions from leading scientists in academia and industry present research developments of novel functional nanomaterials including metal nanoparticles, two-dimensional nanomaterials, perovskite-based nanomaterials, and polymer-based nanomaterials and nanocomposites. Topics include metal-based nanomaterials for electrochemical water splitting, cerium-based nanostructure materials for electrocatalysis, applications of rare earth luminescent nanomaterials, metal complex nanosheets, and methods for synthesizing polymer nanocomposites. Provides readers with timely and accurate information on the development of functional nanomaterials in nanoscience and nanotechnology Presents a critical perspective of the design strategy, synthesis, and characterization of advanced functional nanomaterials Focuses on recent research developments in emerging areas with emphasis on fundamental concepts and applications Explores functional nanomaterials for applications in areas such as electrocatalysis, bioengineering, optoelectronics, and electrochemistry Covers a diverse range of nanomaterials, including carbonaceous nanomaterials, metal-based nanomaterials, transition metal dichalcogenides-based nanomaterials, semiconducting molecules, and magnetic nanoparticles Functional Nanomaterials is an invaluable resource for chemists, materials scientists, electronics engineers, bioengineers, and others in the scientific community working with nanomaterials in the fields of energy, electronics, and biomedicine.
Download or read book Electrochemistry at the Nanoscale written by Patrik Schmuki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-21 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For centuries, electrochemistry has played a key role in technologically important areas such as electroplating or corrosion. In recent decades, electrochemical methods are receiving increasing attention in important strongly growing fields of science and technology such as nanosciences (nanoelectrochemistry) and life-sciences (organic and biological electrochemistry). Characterization, modification and understanding of various electrochemical interfaces or electrochemical processes at the nanoscale, has led to a huge increase of the scientific interest in electrochemical mechanisms as well as of application of electrochemical methods in novel technologies. This book presents exciting emerging scientific and technological aspects of the introduction of the nanodimension in electrochemical approaches are presented in 12 chapters/subchapters.
Download or read book Research Anthology on Synthesis Characterization and Applications of Nanomaterials written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-03-19 with total page 1917 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of nanotechnologies continues to grow, as nanomaterials have proven their versatility and use in many different fields and industries within the scientific profession. Using nanotechnology, materials can be made lighter, more durable, more reactive, and more efficient leading nanoscale materials to enhance many everyday products and processes. With many different sizes, shapes, and internal structures, the applications are endless. These uses range from pharmaceutics to materials such as cement or cloth, electronics, environmental sustainability, and more. Therefore, there has been a recent surge of research focused on the synthesis and characterizations of these nanomaterials to better understand how they can be used, their applications, and the many different types. The Research Anthology on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Nanomaterials seeks to address not only how nanomaterials are created, used, or characterized, but also to apply this knowledge to the multidimensional industries, fields, and applications of nanomaterials and nanoscience. This includes topics such as both natural and manmade nanomaterials; the size, shape, reactivity, and other essential characteristics of nanomaterials; challenges and potential effects of using nanomaterials; and the advantages of nanomaterials with multidisciplinary uses. This book is ideally designed for researchers, engineers, practitioners, industrialists, educators, strategists, policymakers, scientists, and students working in fields that include materials engineering, engineering science, nanotechnology, biotechnology, microbiology, drug design and delivery, medicine, and more.
