Download or read book Coupling GIS and Water Quality Modeling for a Comprehensive Statewide Risk Assessment of Pesticides written by Audra Leshawn Eason and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contamination of drinking water supplies by nonpoint source (NPS) pollution continues to be an important issue in environmental and water resource management. The degradation of groundwater by NPS pollutants, particularly pesticides, has become a growing public concern mainly because of the potential of long-term health effects. According to the 1994 Special Review issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), there are concerns that residues of atrazine in drinking water may increase cancer risks to the public. Thus, there is a strong need for effective tools for evaluating the environmental processes that influence the fate and transport of pesticides in the subsurface environment and the potential health risks associated with drinking contaminated water supplies.
Download or read book A GIS based Groundwater Contamination Risk Assessment Tool for Pesticides written by Michael George Sinkevich and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of An Integrated GIS Based System for Surface Water Quality Assessment and Management GIS SWQAM written by Lu Fang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is an fact that surface water receives a large volume of pollutants from industrial, agricultural, and municipal sources. The adverse health and environmental effects of surface water pollution have been a major concern in environmental management. Water quality models are useful tools to simulate the complex transport and fate of pollutants in a water body and predict the short-term and long-term effects on water quality variation. The emergence of spatial information technologies, such as Geographic Information System (GIS) make it possible to assess and predict surface water quality with more details with respect to spatial information. The focuses of this thesis is to develop a comprehensive system named as GIS-SWQAM, which includes: (1) the development of a GIS-based water quality assessment system to assess the water quality and provide spatial distribution of water quality variables; (2) the development of an artificial neural network model to predict the change of water quality variables; (3) the development of a user interface that integrates the above models and functions; furthermore, a comparative analysis of the modeling approach developed in the GIS-SWQAM and the commercial model MIKE 21 was performed through field case studies. The GIS-based water quality and ecological risk assessment models (MWQ module for marine water quality assessment and LWQ module for lake water quality assessment) are developed by integrating a fuzzy risk assessment model, a eutrophication risk assessment model, a heavy metal risk assessment model, a dynamic database, the ArcGIS Engine, and a graphical user interface (GUI). The assessment results are both spatially and visually presented in the form of contour maps and color-coded maps that indicate risk levels. A large amount of data with both spatial and temporal distributions is managed by the developed system and analyzed by the assessment modules. The developed MWQ and LWQ modules are respectively applied in the Liaodong Bay of China and Lake Champlain. The MWQ and LWQ produce risk maps that depict the spatial distribution of integrated water quality index values, eutrophication risk levels and heavy metal risk levels in the study area. The maps generated can provide a better understanding of the distribution of the water quality and ecological risk levels. The primary factors that affect the water quality are subsequently examined using the visualized results. An artificial neural network model with the back-propagation algorithm (BPANN) is first developed using Matlab to predict the chlorophyll-a concentration in Lake Champlain. Then, the algorithm of the BPANN model is built using the C# programing language and integrated with GIS and the database to build the ANN module, which is applied to predict the total phosphorus concentration in Lake Champlain. The best performing model is determined among the results of models built with different combination of input variables, which are preliminarily selected by linear correlation analysis and domain knowledge. Subsequently, the performances of the BPANN models are validated by a new set of field data. Similar to the MWQ and LWQ modules, the ANN module also produces the spatial distribution maps of the predicted concentrations; errors made during the prediction are presented in the user interface. The results indicate that the developed BPANN models can provide acceptable prediction results and can be used to provide a quick modeling assessment of water quality variation for managers. In this thesis, the MIKE 21 FM software is also used to establish a hydrodynamic model coupled with a transport model to simulate the total phosphorus concentration in Lake Champlain. A comparative analysis is performed between the results of the MIKE 21 model and the BPANN model. The results of the MIKE 21 model are acceptable, but not as good as that of the BPANN model. This further verifies that the developed BPANN model is a reliable tool to assess the lake eutrophication and to help managing lake water quality. The developed system can be also applied to surface water management in other area.
Download or read book Commencement written by Iowa State University and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pesticides in Surface Water written by Kean S. Goh and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2020-06 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Newly developed pesticides are present in surface waters, but how do we evaluate and understand their effects? Evidence of pesticide contamination of surface waters has spurred interest in aquatic pesticide exposure and its subsequent effects on humans and the environment. This book discusses monitoring, aquatic toxicology, risk assessment, modeling, mitigation, and regulatory efforts to minimize contaminants and protect environmental integrity. Researchers and students at universities, chemists and toxicologists at agrochemical companies and contract laboratories, and consultants involved with resource conservation and environmental risk mitigation will find this work helpful.
Download or read book Semi Field Methods for the Environmental Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Soil written by Andreas Schaeffer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-08-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on discussions at the 2007 SETAC Europe PERAS Workshop in Coimbra, Semi-Field Methods for the Environmental Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Soil presents a timely summary of state-of-the-art higher-tier terrestrial risk assessment of plant protection products (PPPs). Influential regulators, academics, and industry scientists provide a comprehensive, science-based view to guide regulatory authorities and manufacturers in assessing the higher-tier terrestrial risks of PPPs in the environment. The book includes a clear description of how to perform a higher-tier terrestrial risk assessment and provides a single reference on the subject. It examines various types of semi-field methods for soil assessment, including the use of terrestrial model ecosystems for pesticide risk assessment. In addition, the text also explores legislative and regulatory issues and offers technical recommendations. The book provides guidance on how to assess the soil risks of pesticides in the environment and explains how to use semi-field methods to access how pesticides may lead to spatial and temporal changes in soil biological communities and the larger agricultural landscape.
Download or read book Water Quality and Pesticides written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Models for Regulatory Risk Assessments of Pesticides written by Pernille Thorbek and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-11-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together more than thirty influential regulators, academics, and industry scientists, Ecological Models for Regulatory Risk Assessments of Pesticides: Developing a Strategy for the Future provides a coherent, science-based view on ecological modeling for regulatory risk assessments. It discusses the benefits of modeling in the context of registrations, identifies the obstacles that prevent ecological modeling being used routinely in regulatory submissions, and explores the actions needed to overcome these obstacles. The book focuses on the following issues: Uncertainties in the process of model development, such as design, analysis, documentation, and communication The availability of data and background information needed for optimal modeling The limited knowledge of modeling The lack of confidence in the outcome of ecological models and their reliability in pesticide risk assessment It also suggests future solutions to these challenges, including: A guidance document on the modeling process Case studies that show how ecological models can provide reliable ecologically relevant risk assessments Training the people who generate or evaluate results obtained by ecological models Focusing on ecological models, such as unstructured population models, stage-structured matrix models, and individual- or agent-based models, this volume helps regulatory authorities, manufacturers, and scientists assess the risk of plant protection products in nontarget organisms. Armed with this knowledge, readers will better understand the challenges of using ecological modeling in the regulatory process.
Download or read book GIS and Water Quality Modeling for Agricultural Resource Management Systems written by B.E. Vieux and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Linking Aquatic Exposure and Effects written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pesticides and Ground water Strategy written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book EPA Strategic Plan written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by Agency. This book was released on 1997 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human exposure assessment a guide to risk ranking risk reduction and research planning written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compendium of Tools for Watershed Assessment and Tmdl Development written by L. Shoemaker and published by . This book was released on 1997-11 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broadens the review of models and techniques from solely watershed loading models to include receiving water models and ecological assess. techniques and models. It summarizes avail. techniques and models that assess and predict physical, chemical, and biol. conditions in waterbodies. Includes info. regarding: a wide range of watershed-scale loading models; field-scale loading models; receiving water models, including eutrophication/water quality models, toxics models, and hydrodynamic models; integrated modeling systems that, for example, link watershed-scale loading with receiving water processes; and ecological techniques and models that can be used to assess &/or predict the status of habitat, single species, or biol. community.
Download or read book Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Combined Sewer Overflows written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Wastewater Management and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Urban Stormwater Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid conversion of land to urban and suburban areas has profoundly altered how water flows during and following storm events, putting higher volumes of water and more pollutants into the nation's rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These changes have degraded water quality and habitat in virtually every urban stream system. The Clean Water Act regulatory framework for addressing sewage and industrial wastes is not well suited to the more difficult problem of stormwater discharges. This book calls for an entirely new permitting structure that would put authority and accountability for stormwater discharges at the municipal level. A number of additional actions, such as conserving natural areas, reducing hard surface cover (e.g., roads and parking lots), and retrofitting urban areas with features that hold and treat stormwater, are recommended.
