Download or read book Cost Benefit Evaluation Tools on the Impacts of Transport Infrastructure Projects on Urban Form and Development written by Eda Ustaoglu and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study reviews literature for identifying the methods in order to evaluate the impacts of key transport infrastructure provisions on urban form and peri-urban development in European Union (EU) member countries. Key impacts and linkages of transportation provision on urban development trends are identified through the international literature. These include direct impacts of transportation infrastructure provision, socio-economic impacts, transportation network effects and energy and environmental impacts. Among the evaluation methodologies, cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is the most common approach for transport policy impact assessments both in the national project appraisal guidelines and in scientific analysis and research. Considering its extensive usage in the appraisal work, the main focus will be on the evaluation tools used within the CBA approach. The corresponding data requirements for the valuation of indicators will be also discussed in order to assess the impacts of costs and benefits of transport investments, particularly rapid rail investments, on urban form and development.

Download or read book Transport Project Evaluation written by Elvira Haezendonck and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book puts transport cost benefit analysis in a wider, institutional perspective, relating it in particular to decision making. The book will be of interest to practitioners, consultants and academics who are active in the evaluation of transport projects. Erik T. Verhoef, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands This is an important piece of work on project evaluation. An attractive feature is the balanced treatment of theory and application. The book provides very useful information on efforts of national governments in various countries to increase the quality of project evaluation studies by formulating guidelines for project evaluation. One of the strong points of the book is that it does not only address technical aspects of project evaluation tools, but also the institutional structures within which decisions are taken. Piet Rietveld, Vrije Universiteit and Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands This book revisits traditional evaluation methods, such as cost benefit analysis, to try and find a balance between the ever-increasing demand for transport, the search for sustainable mobility and green transport solutions, and the limited financial resources that governments are able to invest in transport infrastructure projects. In this respect, the effects of transport policy need to be measured and evaluated based on multiple criteria and the need to take into consideration a larger group of stakeholders and investors in transport projects. The book illustrates, methodologically and empirically, why and how the institutional and multi-actor environment impacts upon the analysis, evaluation and decision-making of transport projects in Europe. Including contributions from scholars with considerable expertise in the field, this book will be of great interest to consultants, policymakers and researchers.

Download or read book Smart Urban Development written by Vito Bobek and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-02-19 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debates about the future of urban development in many countries have been increasingly influenced by discussions of smart cities. Despite numerous examples of this "urban labelling" phenomenon, we know surprisingly little about so-called smart cities. This book provides a preliminary critical discussion of some of the more important aspects of smart cities. Its primary focus is on the experience of some designated smart cities, with a view to problematizing a range of elements that supposedly characterize this new urban form. It also questions some of the underlying assumptions and contradictions hidden within the concept.

Download or read book The Evaluation of Transportation Investment Projects written by Joseph Berechman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-05-26 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the world, the use of some kind of a formal transportation project evaluation procedure is a requirement. Yet, by and large, these are partial; in fact, much weight is often placed on the initial -pre-engineering -phases of the planning process, when vital information, such as accurate costs and demand projections, is largely missing. Moreover, many of these procedures neglect to consider key issues such as project’s risks, capital costs financing, latent demand, market imperfections, labor force availability and various incompatibilities between trip rates, travel times and activity location. As a result, projects, which are judged as viable under such deficient evaluation schemes, may have had a significantly different projection of capital costs and demand should a well-founded, thorough, and efficient evaluation process be used. Against this background, this book’s main objective is to construct a comprehensive and methodical economic, planning and decision-making framework for the evaluation of proposed transportation infrastructure investment projects. Such a framework is founded on four key principles. It is based on well-established economic, transportation and policy-analysis theoretical principles; it is comprehensive enough to encompass all relevant evaluation issues; it is applicable to a wide range of transportation investment projects; and it is amenable to empirical application including a sensitivity analysis and alternative scenarios regarding urban, regional and national developments.

Download or read book Notes on the State of the Art of Benefit cost Analysis as Related to Transportation Systems written by Joseph D. Crumlish and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review of benefit-cost analysis as a tool for evaluating alternative courses of action describes the technique, discusses a number of benefit-cost studies, and indicates the difficulties inherent in this area of applied economics. * The author concentrates on the application of the technique to large scale transport problems, reviews the literature and indicates in his conclusions where the technique can be helpful and where there is little chance for its success.

Download or read book Impact Evaluation of Transport Interventions written by David A. Raitzer and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2019-04-01 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication aims to support impact evaluation in the transport sector by assessing what has been produced against what might be possible. It reviews 91 impact evaluations of transport interventions in developing countries, summarizes findings on outcomes, identifies evidence gaps, and proposes ways forward. Most of the studies reviewed find significant effects on at least one of the outcomes investigated. However, impact evaluation has given relatively little coverage to major areas of investment, such as urban and sustainable transportation, transport corridors, and efficiency enhancing measures. New methods and increasing openness of geospatial data provide scope to generate more innovative impact studies.

Download or read book Place Based Evaluation for Integrated Land Use Management written by Johan Woltjer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, there has been an increasing emphasis placed on local and regional integration in major planning projects and infrastructure development including roads, rail and waterways. This emphasis is not only on integrating various projects, but also integrating them with related issues such as housing, industry, environment and water. In other words, land-use planning and infrastructure management have become more spatially-oriented. This book brings together experts in the fields of spatial planning, land-use and infrastructure management to explore the emerging agenda of spatially-oriented integrated evaluation. It weaves together the latest theories, case studies, methods, policy and practice to examine and assess the values, impacts, benefits and the overall success in integrated land-use management. In doing so, the book clarifies the nature and roles of evaluation and puts forward guidance for future policy and practice.

Download or read book Current Practices for Assessing Economic Development Impacts from Transportation Investments written by Glen Weisbrod and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2000 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This synthesis report will be of interest to DOT administrators, supervisors, and staff, as well as to the consultants working with them in assessing the economic development impacts of existing or proposed transportation investments. Metropolitan Planning Organization regional and local staffs might also find it informative. It is intended to help practicing planners become aware of the range of methods and analysis techniques available, organized by the different categories of agency needs, to address different types of planning, policy, and research needs. This synthesis summarizes the current state of the practice by means of a survey of transportation planning agencies in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. This report provides reviews of the analysis methods used in recent project and program evaluation reports of these agencies, in addition to a bibliography of economic literature and guides.

Download or read book Beyond Benefit Cost Analysis written by Domenico Patassini and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illustrated by case studies from Europe, North America and the Middle East, this book examines how non-market values can be identified, measured and incorporated into planning evaluation methodologies. The traditional means of assessing planning options, benefit-cost analysis, requires that all effects be expressed in monetary terms and this volume offers alternative approaches. It presents strategies for accomplishing the major purposes of planning evaluation - including the provision of an explicit, replicable basis for public assessment - in alternative ways. Growing demand for public involvement and for accountability in decision making requires better means for accommodating a broad range of concerns in planning evaluation. Methodologies examined include effectiveness-cost and multicriteria analysis, and the book explores how these have been applied in practice in developing special-issue plans, complex regional development strategies, and efforts to analyze the environmental justice implications of major infrastructure projects. Use of scenarios and problem structuring methods by stakeholder groups are also explored.

Download or read book ITF Round Tables Major Transport Infrastructure Projects and Economic Development written by International Transport Forum and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-12-24 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses the state of the art in understanding the economic effects of major transport infrastructure projects. It examines the limits of socio-economic cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and reviews the development of approaches to assessing the benefits of investment in large projects.

Download or read book Development of Benefit Cost Analysis Tools for Evaluating Transportation Research Projects written by Nikolai Auburn Greer and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transportation research projects are vital to transportation agencies for the accumulation of new technology and knowledge for the improvement of efficiency and safety of transportation infrastructure. The purpose of this thesis was to demonstrate an evaluation of a state DOT research program and to develop benefit cost analysis tools to assist transportation agencies in evaluating transportation research projects. The evaluation presented in this thesis was a performance evaluation of the Wyoming Department of Transportation Research Center. The evaluation identified a total of 64 research projects were submitted to the WYDOT Research Center between 2011 and 2016. The evaluation accessed the performance of the WYDOT Research Center by evaluating performance measures and feedback received from feedback surveys. The results of the performance measures were compared to a previous evaluation for a time period between 2005 to 2010. This indicated that the number of projects reports completed each year increased from three reports per year to five in the 2011 to 2016 time period. The number of projects that were not completed on-time and within budget decreased by half from seven in the 2005 to 2010 time period to three in the 2011 to 2016 time period. The evaluation also indicated that the annual research budget for the WYDOT Research Center increased by nine percent in the 2011 to 2016 time period. The evaluation of the WYDOT research Center indicated that the performance of the research program has had significant improvements and the performance of the WYDOT Research Center should be continued to be evaluated. Benefit cost analysis (BCA) tools were also developed in this thesis to assist state DOTs in evaluating transportation research projects. The BCA tools were developed using Microsoft Excel to provide a process for evaluating research project after the first year of implementation. The tools consider that the cost associated with a transportation research project is a combination of costs incurred during research and implementation. The tools provide analysis methods for estimating the benefits of changes in the level of service of a roadway, reductions in the vehicle travel time, changes in vehicle operating cost and reductions in the number of crashes on a roadway. The process for estimating the benefits for changes in the vehicle travel time uses the Akçelik travel time model to estimate the travel time on a roadway and FHWA values of travel time. The procedures for estimating the benefits of changes in the level of service uses the 2010 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) to estimate the level of service for a roadway and uses criteria developed to indicates the savings of changes in the level of service. The benefits of changes in the vehicle operating costs uses the Highway Economic Requirements System vehicle operating cost model to estimate the vehicle operating cost. The benefit estimation procedures evaluate the differences between a situation without and with implementation of a research project to indicate the saving due to the implementation of the project. The process for estimating the benefits of crash reductions uses Highway Safety Manual (HSM) safety performance functions (SPF) to predict the number of crashes on freeway segments, multilane highways, or two-lane two-way highways. Crash modification factors are applied to the SPFs to indicate a change in the number of crashes and FHWA crash costs are used to indicate the monetary benefits of crash reductions. The BCA tools use CPI from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics to adjust for inflation by adjusting the dollar value of costs and benefits to a common year of reference. The BCA tools also have multiple limitations in their use. The limitations of the tools include a limited number of benefits that can be quantified using the tools which limits the research projects that can be evaluated using the tools and the SPF in the crash reduction benefit estimation procedures are not representative of actual road conditions. The developed BCA tools were designed to assists in making key decision during the proposal and implementation phase of a transportation research project. The BCA tools were used to evaluate five case studies to illustrate the use of the developed tools. Each case study demonstrated varying situation where the BCA tools were used to evaluate the economic outcome of a transportation research project. The first case study evaluated an implemented research project that investigated the effectiveness of variable speed limit systems implemented along I-80 in Wyoming. The BCA ratio for the case study was 6.64 indicating that the project was economically justifiable. The second case study evaluated a research proposal that investigated the impacts of truck traffic on I-80 in Wyoming. This resulted in a BCA ratio of a 9.23 indicating truck traffic mitigation strategies on I-80 are potentially economically beneficial. The third case study evaluated an additional implemented research project that investigated wildlife overpasses and underpasses implemented on US 191 in Wyoming. This resulted in a BCA ratio of 0.46 indicating that the implementation of wildlife overpasses and underpasses was not economically beneficial after the first year of implementation. The fourth case study evaluated a recently completed transportation research project without utilizing the developed benefit estimation procedures. The case study investigated the feasibility of implementing last mile package delivery in Wyoming public transportation systems. Resulting in a BCA ratio of a 2.57 indicating that the implementation of last mile package delivery for revenue generation is potentially economically beneficial. The final case study evaluated an implemented transportation research project where research costs are unknown. The case study evaluated the use of differential truck speed limits and uniform speed limits on two-lane highways in Montana. The BCA ratio for the case study was 17.5 indicating that the implementation of a uniform speed limit on two-lane highways in Montana is economically beneficial. The case studies indicated that the developed BCA tools are a beneficial tool for quantifying the benefits of transportation research projects.

Download or read book Achieving Sustainable Urban Form written by Elizabeth Burton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving Sustainable Urban Form represents a major advance in the sustainable development debate. It presents research which defines elements of sustainable urban form - density, size, configuration, detailed design and quality - from macro to micro scale. Case studies from Europe, the USA and Australia are used to illustrate good practice within the fields of planning, urban design and architecture.

Download or read book Is Transport Infrastructure Effective written by Piet Rietveld and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When in 1989 the authors started research on infrastructure, they did not foresee that this would lead to a long-term involvement in this area. Our beginning happened to coincide with the publication of David Aschauer's article on public capital and productivity, which induced a large flow of publications in this field. Infrastructure has indeed been a hot topic in policy and research during the past decade. It is surprising, however, that the number of monographs on spatial and economic impacts of infrastructure has remained very limited. The aim of this book is to contribute to the literature in a consolidated way. A distinguishing feature of our book is that we analyze infrastructure impacts using various methods (both modelling and non-modelling) at a variety of spatial levels (from local to international). Other special features are that we make ample use of 'accessibility' as a bridge concept between the areas of infrastructure and the economy. Finally, we not only treat transport infrastructure projects as given, as is the usual approach in infrastructure impact research, but we also analyze the factors influencing infrastructure supply. We have adopted a mainly non-technical approach throughout most of the book. This means that it can also be used by readers without a strong back ground in statistics, modelling or micro-economics.

Download or read book Sustainable Urban Development Volume 1 written by Stephen Curwell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on original research, this first volume of a set of groundbreaking new books sets out a framework for analyzing sustainable urban development and develops a set of protocols for evaluating the sustainability of urban development.Protocols included are for sustainable urban planning, urban property development, urban design, the construction, operation and use of buildings. Using these protocols, the book goes on to provide a directory of environmental assessment methods for evaluating the sustainability of urban development and also maps out how these assessment methods are bei.

Download or read book Cost Benefit Analysis in Urban Regional Planning written by John Schofield and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-20 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1987, Cost-Benefit Analysis in Urban and Regional Planning, outlines the theory and practice of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) in the context of urban and regional planning. The theory of CBA is developed with examples to illustrate the principles, it also deals with details of the applications and covers issues such as local health and social services provision, local economic development and regional policy evaluation, and planning in less developed countries – as well as the conventional land-use issues of physical planning.

Download or read book Project Identification and Evaluation Techniques for Transportation Infrastructure written by Vimal Kumar (S. M.) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project identification and evaluation of transportation infrastructure play a vital role in shaping and sustaining the forms of cities all over the world. These cities differ substantially in character and urban form and have different transport systems and transport related problems. Most large cities in the developing world face major problems as a result of rapid population growth, extensive urbanization, market uncertainties, scarcity of resources and inadequate planning capabilities. Transport policies and procedures that worked reasonably well when cities were smaller start failing as they expand, while environmental and social problems become more pressing. The traditional methodologies for evaluating urban transportation infrastructure projects are unable to address issues of most concern in developing countries. The thesis outlines a framework for assessing the role of various planning and evaluation methodologies for transportation infrastructure projects. The framework developed for project identification and evaluation serves as a useful tool to structure and assess the gaps identified from a literature review and case studies. The major gaps identified can be listed as: * Lack of integrated approach for transportation infrastructure and land-use planning; * Inadequate provision for maintenance and monitoring of transport facilities; * Unequal distribution of benefits of transport for women; * Limited rural transport infrastructure; and * Lack of suitable financing arrangements and no incorporation of sustainable development measures. The overall transportation planning and evaluation process can be improved by incorporating certain steps and requirements that address these gaps and make transportation infrastructure more accessible, safer, reliable, and efficient.

Download or read book Economic Role of Transport Infrastructure written by Claudio Ferrari and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic Role of Transport Infrastructure: Theory and Models helps evaluate the economic effects of transport infrastructure investments within a cost-benefit framework for maximum economic impact. The book analyzes the primary empirical approaches used to gauge the economic effects of transport infrastructures, providing in-depth discussions on data issues, input-output techniques, and econometric methodologies. Users will find empirical evidence organized from a transport mode point-of-view, inspiring researchers to conduct comparative analysis for various infrastructure projects. Topics cover infrastructure's impact on economic growth using theoretical frameworks, including exogenous growth models, endogenous growth models, and new economic geography models. In addition, readers will also learn tips for conducting infrastructure impact studies and how to improve the effectiveness of infrastructural investments design. - Explains and evaluates the economic effects of transport infrastructure investments, including direct and indirect, short and long run impact, and local and spillover outcomes - Provides up-to-date coverage of quantitative techniques and empirical results for transportation and economic impact issues - Explains the steps for conducting impact studies for proposed infrastructure projects - Analyzes infrastructure's role on economic growth through theoretical, methodological and empirical perspectives - Features case studies describing real-world methods