Download or read book Cosmic Ray and Interplanetary Magnetic Field During the Passage of Coronal Mass Ejections written by Rajesh Kumar Mishra and published by . This book was released on 2023-11-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Document from the year 2023 in the subject Physics - Astronomy, language: English, abstract: Coronal Mass Ejections are vast structures of plasma and magnetic fields that are expelled from the sun into the heliosphere. This material is detected by remote sensing and in-situ spacecraft observations. The present study deals with the influence of four types of CMEs namely Asymmetric 'Full' Halo CMEs, Partial Halo CMEs, Asymmetric and Complex 'Full' Halo CMEs and 'Full' Halo CMEs on cosmic ray neutron monitor intensity. The data of ground based neutron monitor of Moscow and CME events observed with instruments onboard and Wind spacecraft have been used in the present analysis. The method of superposed epoch (Chree) analysis has been used to the arrival times of these CMEs. It is noteworthy that the frequency of occurrence of Asymmetric 'Full' Halo CMEs is significantly high, whereas frequency of occurrence of Asymmetric and Complex 'Full' Halo CMEs is low compared to other CMEs. Significant enhancement in cosmic ray intensity is observed after 4 days of the onset of asymmetric full halo and 6 days after the onset of full halo CMEs. The fluctuations in cosmic ray intensity are more prior to the onset of both types of the CMEs. However, during Partial Halo CMEs the cosmic ray intensity peaks, 8- 9 days prior to the onset of CMEs and depressed 3 days prior to the onset of CMEs, whereas in case of asymmetric and complex full CMEs, the intensity depressed 2 days prior to the onset of CMEs and enhanced 2 days after the onset of CMEs. The deviations in cosmic ray intensity are more pronounced in case for asymmetric and complex full halo CMEs compared to other CMEs. The cosmic ray intensity shows nearly good anti-correlation with IMF strength (B) during asymmetric full halo CMEs and partial halo CMEs, whereas it shows poor correlation with B during other CMEs. The IMF, B significantly decreased five days prior to the onset of asymmetric and full halo CMEs and four days after
Download or read book Cosmic Ray Intensity Variation During the Passage of Interplanetary Disturbances written by Rajesh Kumar Mishra and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2024-02-07 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Study from the year 2024 in the subject Physics - Astronomy, , language: English, abstract: An investigation has been made to study the cosmic-ray decreases occurring during 2006 with respect to the arrival times of interplanetary shocks and magnetic clouds. We have identified three interplanetary magnetic cloud events during 5 February 2006, 13 April 2006 and 14 April 2006. The interplanetary magnetic field (B), north-south component of interplanetary magnetic field (Bz), solar wind velocity, sunspot number (R) and disturbance storm time index (Dst) associated with these events has been studied in the present work. Data (neutron monitor count rate) from Newark Neutron Monitor 9NM64 has been used. The north-south component of IMF (Bz) produce large geomagnetic disturbance on the onset of interplanetary magnetic clouds. The deviations in the interplanetary and solar wind plasma parameters are significantly correlated to the magnetic cloud events. The increase in Dst index, sunspot number (R) and Bz after the magnetic cloud event produces increase in cosmic ray intensity.
Download or read book Cosmic ray and interplanetary magnetic field during the passage of Coronal mass ejections written by Rajesh Kumar Mishra and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2023-12-05 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Document from the year 2023 in the subject Physics - Astronomy, , language: English, abstract: Coronal Mass Ejections are vast structures of plasma and magnetic fields that are expelled from the sun into the heliosphere. This material is detected by remote sensing and in-situ spacecraft observations. The present study deals with the influence of four types of CMEs namely Asymmetric 'Full' Halo CMEs, Partial Halo CMEs, Asymmetric and Complex 'Full' Halo CMEs and 'Full' Halo CMEs on cosmic ray neutron monitor intensity. The data of ground based neutron monitor of Moscow and CME events observed with instruments onboard and Wind spacecraft have been used in the present analysis. The method of superposed epoch (Chree) analysis has been used to the arrival times of these CMEs. It is noteworthy that the frequency of occurrence of Asymmetric 'Full' Halo CMEs is significantly high, whereas frequency of occurrence of Asymmetric and Complex 'Full' Halo CMEs is low compared to other CMEs. Significant enhancement in cosmic ray intensity is observed after 4 days of the onset of asymmetric full halo and 6 days after the onset of full halo CMEs. The fluctuations in cosmic ray intensity are more prior to the onset of both types of the CMEs. However, during Partial Halo CMEs the cosmic ray intensity peaks, 8- 9 days prior to the onset of CMEs and depressed 3 days prior to the onset of CMEs, whereas in case of asymmetric and complex full CMEs, the intensity depressed 2 days prior to the onset of CMEs and enhanced 2 days after the onset of CMEs. The deviations in cosmic ray intensity are more pronounced in case for asymmetric and complex full halo CMEs compared to other CMEs. The cosmic ray intensity shows nearly good anti-correlation with IMF strength (B) during asymmetric full halo CMEs and partial halo CMEs, whereas it shows poor correlation with B during other CMEs. The IMF, B significantly decreased five days prior to the onset of asymmetric and full halo CMEs and four days after the onset of partial halo CMEs, whereas IMF strength (B) significantly enhanced 5-6 days prior and after the onset of asymmetric and complex full halo CMEs. IMF strength (B) significantly depressed 2 days prior and 4 days after the onset of full halo CMEs. However, IMF, B significantly enhanced from its minimum to maximum values in 2 days interval prior to the onset of CMEs and in 3 days interval after the onset of CMEs.
Download or read book Physics of the Inner Heliosphere II written by Rainer Schwenn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics of the Inner Heliosphere gives for the first time a comprehensive and complete summary of our knowledge of the inner solar system. Using data collected over more than 11 years by the HELIOS twin solar probes, one of the most successful ventures in unmanned space exploration, the authors have compiled six extensive reviews of the physical processes of the inner heliosphere and their relation to the solar atmosphere. Researchers and advanced students in space and plasma physics, astronomy, and solar physics will be surprised to see just how closely the heliosphere is tied to, and how sensitively it depends on, the sun. Volume 2 deals with particles, waves, and turbulence, with chapters on: - magnetic clouds - interplanetary clouds - the solar wind plasma and MHD turbulence - waves and instabilities - energetic particles in the inner solar system
Download or read book Cosmic Rays in the Heliosphere written by L.A. Fisk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In every scientific discipline there are milestones - periods of significant accom plishment when it is appropriate to pause and summarize the state of the field. Such is the case for the study of the behavior of cosmic rays in the heliosphere. We are just passing through solar minimum conditions, when the heliosphere has a well-ordered and relatively simple configuration. We have been fortunate to have an array of spacecraft - unprecedented in the history of space exploration and unlikely to be repeated for generations - to provide comprehensive measurements of cosmic rays throughout the heliosphere. Ulysses has completed its historic first exploration of the heliosphere at high heliographic latitudes. Pioneer and Voyager have been exploring the outer heliosphere. The durable IMP-8 and now the WIND spacecraft have provided detailed baseline measurements at Earth. Concurrently, there has been a steady improvement in theoretical understanding of cosmic ray behavior through the use of ever more sophisticated numerical models. This milestone in cosmic ray studies was celebrated with a Workshop on Cos mic Rays in the Heliosphere which was convened by L. A. Fisk, J. R. Jokipii.
Download or read book Cosmic Rays in Interplanetary Magnetic Fields written by I.N. Toptygin and published by Springer. This book was released on 1985-12-31 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fast particles of natural or1g1n (cosmic rays) have been used for a long time as an important source of astrophysical and geophysical information. A study of cosmic ray spectra, time variations, abundances, gradients, and anisotropy provides a wealth of data on physical conditions in the regions of cosmic ray generation as well as in the media through which cosmic rays propagate. Astrophysical aspects of cosmic ray physics have been considered in a number of monograpqs. The most detailed seems to be "The Origin of Cosmic Rays" by V. L. Ginzburg and S. 1. Syrovatskij (1964) which is, however, concerned mainly with galactic cosmic rays. The physics of the circumsolar space is discussed in this book only rather briefly. Several other monographs have been devoted mostly to the physics of the interplanetary medium and cosmic rays in interplanetary space. These include the books by Dorman (1963, 1975a, b), Parker (1963), Dorman and Miroshnichenko (1968). The present monograph differs from the above mentioned books in two main aspects: (i) It presents a unified theoretical approach to analys{ng the properties of fast particles in interplanetary space, based upon consideration of cosmic rays as a highly energetic component of the interplane~ary plasma, which makes use of the plasma physics methods to describe the behaviour of cosmic rays.
Download or read book Coronal Mass Ejections written by H. Kunow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-03 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is intended to provide scientists active in space physics research with an up-to-date status of the current understanding of CMEs and ICMEs and their effects in the heliosphere. It also serves the advanced graduate student with introductory material on this active field of research. New sets of open questions are presented for further studies as well as for new instruments and missions under development.
Download or read book Long Term Trends in Interplanetary Magnetic Field Strength and Solar Wind Structure During the Twentieth Century written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lockwood et al (1999) have recently reported a -40% increase in the radial component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) at Earth between 1964 and 1996. We argue that this increase does not constitute a secular trend but is largely the consequence of lower than average fields during solar cycle 20 (1964-1976) in comparison with surrounding cycles. For times after 1976 the average IMF strength has actually decreased slightly. Examination of the cosmic ray intensity, an indirect measure of the IMF strength over the last five solar cycles (19-23) also indicates that cycle averages of the IMF strength have been relatively constant since -1954. We also consider the origin of the well-documented increase in the geomagnetic aa index that occurred primarily during the first half of the twentieth century. We surmise that the coronal mass ejection (CMB) rate for recent solar cycles was approximately twice as high as that for solar cycles 100 years ago.
Download or read book Cosmic Winds and the Heliosphere written by Jack Randolph Jokipii and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 1997-10 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors examine the physics of wind origin and physical phenomena in winds, including heliospheric shocks, magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, and kinetic phenomena--and their interactions with surrounding media. Contributions range from studies of the interstellar cloud surrounding the solar system to solar wind interaction with comets.
Download or read book The Effects of Coronal Mass Ejection on Galactic Cosmic Rays in the High Latitude Heliosphere written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During its first solar orbit the Ulysses spacecraft detected several coronal mass ejections (CMEs) at high heliographic latitudes. The authors present first observations on the effects of these high latitude CMEs on galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) using measurements from the Kiel Electron Telescope (KET) which is part of the Cosmic Ray and Solar Particle Investigation (COSPIN) experiment, the Los Alamos SWOOPS (Solar Wind Observations Over the Poles of the Sun) experiment and the magnetic field experiments. They find the passage of these CMEs over the spacecraft to be associated with short term decreases of GCR intensities The relatively weak shocks in these events, driven by the CMEs' over-expansion, had no strong influence on the GCRs. The intensity minimums of GCRs occurred on closed magnetic field lines inside the CMEs themselves as indicated by bidirectional fluxes of suprathermal electrons. Short episodes of intensity increases of GCRs inside CMEs at times when the bidirectional fluxes of suprathermal electrons disappeared, can be interpreted as evidence that GCRs can easily access the interior of those CMEs in which open magnetic field lines are embedded.
Download or read book Coronal Mass Ejections and Solar Particle Events in Solar Cycle 23 written by Christina Cohen and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coronal Mass Ejections written by Nancy Crooker and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of the central role of coronal mass ejections in space weather, as well as the fascinating problem they present in terms of basic physics, the field has developed rapidly since CMEs were discovered two decades ago. This volume reviews almost all aspects of observational and theoretical research on CMEs, including their X-ray, white-light, interplanetary scintillations and solar wind signatures and relationships, ion composition and magnetic topology, particles energized by their shocks, mechanisms for lift-off from the Sun, models of their form and propagation in the solar wind, impact on Earth's magnetosphere.
Download or read book An Introduction to Space Weather written by Mark Moldwin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated introductory textbook, with added learning features, explains how the Sun influences the Earth and its near-space environment.
Download or read book The High Latitude Heliosphere written by R.G. Marsden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The launch in October 1990 of the joint ESA-NASA Ulysses mission marked the start of a new era in the study of the heliosphere. For the fIrst time, in-situ observations are being made covering the full range of heliographic latitudes. Following the successful gravity-assist manoeuvre at Jupiter in February 1992, Ulysses left the ecliptic plane in a southerly direction and headed back toward the Sun, passing over the southern solar pole in mid-1994. To mark these unique events, the 28th ESLAB Symposium, held in Friedrichs hafen, Germany, on 19-21 April 1994, was devoted to "The High Latitude Helio sphere". Following on from the highly successful 19th ESLAB Symposium "The Sun and the Heliosphere in Three Dimensions" (Les Diablerets, 1985), the purpose of the meeting was to review out-of-ecliptic results from the Ulysses mission obtained to date, and to provide a focus for the fIrst polar pass. Relevant results from other space missions, as well as ground-based and theoretical studies, were also included. Attended by 130 scientists, the main themes of the Symposium were The Sun and Corona, Large-Scale Heliospheric Structure, Energetic Particles in the Heliosphere, Cosmic Rays in the Heliosphere, and Interstellar Gas and Cosmic Dust. The scientifIc programme consisted of a number of Topical Review papers introducing various as pects of these themes, supplemented by a large number of contributed papers (72 in to tal) presented either orally or as posters. Undoubtedly, the excellent poster sessions formed one of the highlights of the meeting.
Download or read book Solar Energetic Particles written by Donald V. Reames and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise primer introduces the non-specialist reader to the physics of solar energetic particles (SEP) and systematically reviews the evidence for the two main mechanisms which lead to the so-called impulsive and gradual SEP events. More specifically, the timing of the onsets, the longitude distributions, the high-energy spectral shapes, the correlations with other solar phenomena (e.g. coronal mass ejections), as well as the all-important elemental and isotopic abundances of SEPs are investigated. Impulsive SEP events are related to magnetic reconnection in solar flares and jets. The concept of shock acceleration by scattering on self-amplified Alfvén waves is introduced, as is the evidence of reacceleration of impulsive-SEP material in the seed population accessed by the shocks in gradual events. The text then develops processes of transport of ions out to an observer. Finally, a new technique to determine the source plasma temperature in both impulsive and gradual events is demonstrated. Last but not least the role of SEP events as a radiation hazard in space is mentioned and a short discussion of the nature of the main particle telescope designs that have contributed to most of the SEP measurements is given.
Download or read book The Solar Dynamics Observatory written by Phillip Chamberlin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-05-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is dedicated to the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which was launched 11 February 2010. The articles focus on the spacecraft and its instruments: the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), the Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE), and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). Articles within also describe calibration results and data processing pipelines that are critical to understanding the data and products, concluding with a description of the successful Education and Public Outreach activities. This book is geared towards anyone interested in using the unprecedented data from SDO, whether for fundamental heliophysics research, space weather modeling and forecasting, or educational purposes. Previously published in Solar Physics journal, Vol. 275/1-2, 2012. Selected articles in this book are published open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license at link.springer.com. For further details, please see the license information in the chapters.
Download or read book Cosmic Rays in Magnetospheres of the Earth and other Planets written by Lev Dorman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-20 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of cosmic ray (CR) geomagnetic effects came to the fore at the beg- ning of the 1930s after the famous expeditions by J. Clay onboard ship (Slamat) between the Netherlands and Java using an ionization chamber. Many CR la- tude expeditions were organized by the famous scientists and Nobel Laureates R. Millikan and A. Compton. From the obtained latitude curves it follows that CRs cannot be gamma rays (as many scientists thought at that time), but must be charged particles. From measurements of azimuthally geomagnetic effect at that time it also followed that these charged particles must be mostly positive (see Chapter 1, and for more details on the history of the problem see monographs of Irina Dorman, M1981, M1989). The ?rst explanations of obtained results were based on the simple dipole - proximation of the geomagnetic ?eld and the theory of energetic charged particles moving in dipole magnetic ?elds, developed in 1907 by C. Stormer ̈ to explain the aurora phenomenon. Let us note that it was made about 5 years before V. Hess discovered CRs, and received the Nobel Prize in 1936 together with K. Anderson (for the discovery of CR and positrons in CR).
