Download or read book Corrosion Protection of Metals by Silane Surface Treatment written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for toxic chromate replacements in metal-finishing industries has prompted an intensive search for replacement technologies in recent years. Among the replacements that have been proposed, those that are based upon the use of organofunctional silanes rank very high in terms of performance, broad applicability as well as ease of application. This dissertation presents a four-part work: (1) structural characterization of silane films on metals, (2) mechanism studies of silane-treated metal systems, (3) development of water-based silane systems, and (4) measurements of other properties of silane films. In part 1, silane films, i.e., bis-[triethoxysilylpropyl]tetrasulfide (bis-sulfur silane) and bis-[trimethoxysilylpropyl]amine (bis-amino silane) were deposited on AA 2024-T3 and were characterized mainly using reflection-absorption Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-RA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The results showed that further hydrolysis and crosslinking occurs in the applied bis-sulfur silane films in the presence of water and moisture. This is because the bis-sulfur silane is difficult to hydrolyze completely in its water/ethanol solution. The remaining ester groups would hydrolyze to silanols when water or moisture presents (e.g., in the processes of curing in the atmosphere and immersion in an aqueous solution). The as-formed silanols would further condense either with themselves or with aluminum hydroxyl groups at the alloy surface, forming siloxanes and aluminum-siloxanes. Three different regions were clearly detected by EIS in the bis-sulfur silane-treated AA 2024-T3 system, and were further observed in the SEM/EDX studies. According to these studies, the three regions are assigned to, from outside to inside, outermost silane film dominated with siloxanes (SiOSi), interfacial layer with both siloxanes and aluminum-siloxanes (AlOSi), and innermost aluminum oxide. In part 2, the mechanistic study of corrosion protection of AA 2024-T3 by bis-sulfur silane film was carried out. In summation, the following two factors play critical roles in the corrosion protection of AA 2024-T3: (1) the formation of a highly crosslinked interfacial layer, and (2) high water resistance of silane films. The former inhibits corrosion in the following two ways: (1) blocking favorable sites for water adsorption by the formation of AlOSi bonds at the interface which effectively reduces the tendency of aqueous corrosion; and (2) bonding tightly to the metal and thus restricting transportation of the existing corrosion products away from their original sites which hinders pit growth. It should be noted that a high density of AlOSi bonds can be obtained employing bis-silanes rather than mono-silanes. A high water resistance makes water penetration difficult in silane films. This is essential for preventing AlOSi bonds from hydrolysis. The results also indicated that hydrophilic bis-amino silane can not provide a good corrosion protection for metals. This is because the bis-amino silane film tends to be positively charged due to the protonation of hydrophilic amino groups. As a result of electrostatic attraction, the transportation of detrimental anions like chloride (Cl- ) ions as well as water is promoted in the film. Without sufficient water resistance of the film, AlOSi bonds at the interface are readily hydrolyzed. Consequently, the interfacial adhesion is lost. Corrosion thus readily proceeds at the alloy surface. Although bis-sulfur silane performs well on Al alloys, it fails on HDG. This is caused by poor film coverage on HDG due to the insufficient wetting of Zn oxide by bis-sulfur silane solution. A mixture at the bis-sulfur/bis-amino ratio of 3/1 enhances the corrosion resistance of both AA 2024-T3 and HDG. A small portion of bis-amino silane makes the mixture solution hydrophilic enough to wet Zn oxide on HDG, which facilitates the formation of a homogenous film on HDG. On the other hand, a large portion of bis-sulfur silane enhances the hydrophobicity of the mixture film, which is the basis for good protective performance of the mixture. In part 3, test results for newly-developed water-based silane systems were reported. The major advantage of these silane systems is that they are highly miscible with water, which makes them more industrially acceptable than alcohol-based silanes. Test results demonstrated that these silanes provide excellent corrosion protection as well as paint adhesion on a variety metals including, Al alloys, Zn-coated steels, carbon steels, and stainless steels. Part 4 reported several other properties of silane films, such as resistivity/conductivity, mechanical properties, and thermal stabilities of silane films.

Download or read book Silanes for Corrosion Control of Metals written by William J. van Ooij and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-04-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silanes for corrosion of metals covers the emerging applications of silanes for use in the corrosion protection of metals. The role of silane coupling agents is less than ten years old and is attracting attention from researchers in industry and academia alike. There is no comprehensive book on this topic on the market. Silanes for corrosion of metals covers the chemistry of silanes – in solution and at metal surfaces – as well as mechanisms of corrosion protection and paint adhesion by silanes. Modification of silane films for improved protection capabilities, e.g., by the addition of corrosion inibitors, nanoparticles, or organic resins, is also covered. Special attention is paid to the use of silanes in primers for corrosion protection, either through modification of existing primers or in the development of the so-called water-based “superprimers”. The potential of electrodeposition of silanes or silane-containing primers is also explored. Silanes for corrosion of metals is not only to be recommended to scientists and engineers in industry, but also to researchers and students in academia and all those who have an interest reading a refresher book on silane chemistry and corrosion control of metals by a new, environmentally compliant technology.

Download or read book Corrosion Protection of Aluminum by Silane based Surface Treatment written by Jun Song and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Innovative Pre Treatment Techniques to Prevent Corrosion of Metallic Surfaces written by L Fedrizzi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-01-23 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has long been a need for effective pre-treatment techniques to prevent corrosion of metallic surfaces. This important volume discusses key research on the development of pre-treatment techniques for a range of metals. Chapters review various coatings and preparation methods for aluminium and aluminium alloys such as silane films, sol-gel coatings and magnesium-rich primers. Further chapters discuss the pre-treatment methods for steel, copper and magnesium alloys. The book also assesses methods for monitoring the effectiveness of pre-treatments, covering dissolution-precipitation mechanisms and their electrochemical behaviour.Innovative pre-treatment techniques to prevent corrosion of metallic surfaces is a valuable reference for all those concerned with corrosion problems and the use of pre-treatment techniques in the coatings industry. - Reviews coating and preparation methods for alluminium alloys - An authoritative overview of pre-treatments for steel, copper, zinc and magnesium alloys

Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents Volume 2 written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-27 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book embodies the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Silanes and other Adhesion Promoters held in Newark, New Jersey, October 21--23, 1998. Silanes are the most popular and widely used coupling agents (or adhesion promoters) to promote adhesion between dissimilar materials in a variety of situations, e.g. coating technology, adhesive bonding, reinforced composites, etc. Since the first symposium on this topic in 1991, there had been a tremendous R&D activity in developing new and more effective adhesion promoters and in understanding and optimising the performance of available coupling agents. The technical program for the symposium contained 36 papers and reflected both overviews and original research contributors and the presenters hailed from academia, industry and other research laboratories. Many different aspects of coupling agents were discussed, and both fundamental and applied aspects were accorded due coverage. In addition to formal presentations, there were brisk and lively discussions throughout the symposium, and this event provided an opportunity for cross-pollination of ideas in the broad arena of adhesion promoters. This present volume contains 18 papers by experts from academia, industry and other research laboratories. All manuscripts were subjected to rigorous peer review and were suitably revised before inclusion in this volume. The book is divided into two parts as follows: Part 1. Silane Coupling Agents; and Part 2: Non-silane Coupling Agents/Adhesion Promotors. The topics covered include: silane adhesion prompters for hydrosilylation cure systems; sterically hindered silanes; study of silanes hydrolysis; adsorption of silanes on different substrates; interaction of water with silane films studied by neutron reflection; characterization of glass fiber sizings; silanes as dispersion promoters; corrosion protection of metals by silanes; surface 'Intelligraft' as a new class of adhesion promoters; hydroxymethylated resorcinol, sol-gels, and -diketone functionalised polymers as adhesion promoters; and plasma deposition of silanes.

Download or read book Potential of Silanes for Chromate Replacement in Metal Finishing Industries written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trialkoxysilanes (or silanes) have emerged as a very promising alternative for chromates in metal finishing industries. Compared to the conventional chromating processes, the major merits of silane-based surface treatments include: eco-compliance, easy-control processing, comparable corrosion protection of metals as well as paint adhesion to a variety of topcoats. In this overview paper, we will report the recent status of silane studies including results of corrosion performance tests, mechanism of corrosion protection of metals by silanes and thermal stabilities of silane films. We will also address the new fields that we are beginning to explore such as nano-structured silane films, self-healing silanes, super-primers and methods for inline detection of silane films.

Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents Volume 5 written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-03-16 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of silanes and other coupling agents/adhesion promoters is of tremendous contemporary interest because of their application in many and varied technologically important areas ranging from coatings to reinforced composites to dentistry to biomedical (e.g., for bonding nucleotides to the so-called a gene chipsa ). In addition to their tra

Download or read book Intelligent Coatings for Corrosion Control written by Atul Tiwari and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2014-10-25 with total page 747 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligent Coatings for Corrosion Control covers the most current and comprehensive information on the emerging field of intelligent coatings. The book begins with a fundamental discussion of corrosion and corrosion protection through coatings, setting the stage for deeper discussion of the various types of smart coatings currently in use and in development, outlining their methods of synthesis and characterization, and their applications in a variety of corrosion settings. Further chapters provide insight into the ongoing research, current trends, and technical challenges in this rapidly progressing field. - Reviews fundamentals of corrosion and coatings for corrosion control before delving into a discussion of intelligent coatings—useful for researchers and grad students new to the subject - Covers the most current developments in intelligent coatings for corrosion control as presented by top researchers in the field - Includes many examples of current and potential applications of smart coatings to a variety of corrosion problems

Download or read book Corrosion Protection at the Nanoscale written by Susai Rajendran and published by . This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion Protection at the Nanoscale explores fundamental concepts on how metals can be protected at the nanoscale by using both nanomaterials-based solutions, including nanoalloys, noninhibitors and nanocoatings. It is an important reference resource for both materials scientists and engineers wanting to find ways to create an efficient corrosion prevention strategy. Nanostructure materials have been widely used in many products, such as print electronics, contact, interconnection, implant, nanosensors and display units to lessen the impact of corrosion. Traditional methods for protection of metals include various techniques, such as coatings, inhibitors, electrochemical methods (anodic and cathodic protections), metallurgical design are covered in this book. Nanomaterials-based protective methods can offer many advantages over their traditional counterparts, such as protection for early-stage, higher corrosion resistance, better corrosion control. This book also outlines these advantages and discusses the challenges of implementing nanomaterials as corrosion protection agents on a wide scale.

Download or read book Silane Coupling Agents written by Edwin P. Plueddemann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: * It has been rumored that a bumble bee has such aerodynamic deficiencies that it should be incapable of flight. Fiberglass-reinforced polymer com posites, similarly, have two (apparently) insurmountable obstacles to per formance: 1) Water can hydrolyze any conceivable bond between organic and inorganic phase, and 2) Stresses across the interface during temperature cycling (resulting from a mismatch in thermal expansion coefficients) may exceed the strength of one of the phases. Organofunctional silanes are hybrid organic-inorganic compounds that are used as coupling agents across the organic-inorganic interface to help overcome these two obstacles to composite performance. One of their functions is to use the hydrolytic action of water under equilibrium condi tions to relieve thermally induced stresses across the interface. If equilib rium conditions can be maintained, the two problems act to cancel each other out. Coupling agents are defined primarily as materials that improve the practical adhesive bond of polymer to mineral. This may involve an increase in true adhesion, but it may also involve improved wetting, rheology, and other handling properties. The coupling agent may also modify the inter phase region to strengthen the organic and inorganic boundary layers.

Download or read book Silane Coatings for Mitigation of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Mild Steel written by Saad Hamood Mohaissn Al-Saadi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mild steel continues to be the most extensively used construction material in several industries. However, steels suffer from corrosion in aqueous solutions. Coating is one of the common measures to circumvent corrosion. Silane coating is among the recent and promising measures to improve the corrosion resistance of metallic materials in corrosive environments. Silane coatings are becoming increasingly popular particularly over the traditional chromate conversion coatings that have harmful effects on human health and the environment and hence face increasingly regularity restrictions. This study has been conducted to evaluate the influence of silane treatments on corrosion resistance of mild steel in sodium chloride environment and the mitigation of microbial influenced corrosion (MIC) of mild steel due to sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB). The optimum conditions (viz; pHs of hydrolysis and condensation, hydrolysis time, dipping time and application method) of single/two step silane coatings of Bis-[triethoxysilyl]ethane (BTSE), bis-[trimethoxysilylpropyl]amine (bis-amino silane), 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (quaternary ammonium silane) and octadecyltrimethoxysilane (ODTMS) silanes have been investigated for improving corrosion resistance of mild steel in aggressive chloride solution (similar to sea water). The influence of silane coatings on corrosion performance of mild steel has been explained on the basis of electrochemical and analytical characterizations using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization test, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical measurements showed that the corrosion resistance of mild steel improved due to the BTSE silane coatings that were deposited at an optimum pH 4 of deposition. The longer the dipping time the better is the corrosion resistance of BTES-coated mild steel in the chloride solution. The time of hydrolysis of 3 h for octadecyltrimethoxysilane (ODTMS) in water alcohol solution at pH 4 was found to be optimum for producing the stable and fully hydrolysed silane. Thus, the silane film developed under this condition was found to provide considerable corrosion resistance up to 24 h in 0.6 M NaCl solution. The significant decrease in corrosion resistance with increase in time of pre-immersion in corrosive solution was attributed to the ingress of corrosive media to the metal surface. As seen from the electrochemical tests, two step ODTMS coating enhanced the inhibition action of mild steel against corrosion in NaCl solution. However; the two step ODTMS coating is still permeable. Similar to what has been reported for the long aliphatic silane films deposited on other metals and alloys, the ODTMS coating on mild steel is suggested to possess defects, such as interconnected pores. Although, quaternary ammonium silane coatings have been used to improve the antimicrobial activity of coated surfaces, the interaction of the positively-charged ammonium group with water causes degradation of silane film when exposed to corrosive environments. The present work addresses the effect of two step silane coatings containing different concentrations of quaternary ammonium silane on corrosion resistance of mild steel in 0.6 M NaCl solution. The two step silane coatings were formed by dipping the mild steel coupons in non-functional silane solution [bis[triethoxysilyl]ethane (BTSE)] followed by dipping either in quaternary ammonium silane alone or in a silane mixture composed of bis-functional and quaternary ammonium silanes. For the second alternative, different silane mixtures were prepared by mixing of bis-[trimethoxysilylpropyl]amine (bis-amino silane) with different concentrations of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride in different mixing ratios (1:1, 3:1and 5:1 V/V). Based on electrochemical measurement results, the corrosion resistance improved as a result of coatings developed upon two step silane treatments of BTSE followed by the mixture of bis-amino and quaternary ammonium silane. But, the corrosion resistance decreased significantly (and was even lower than that uncoated mild steel) when the quaternary ammonium silane alone was used as the top coating for BTSE-coated mild steel. After determination of the optimum conditions of silane treatments to achieve the best corrosion resistance of mild steel in NaCl solution, the optimum conditions for silane coating to mitigate the microbial influenced corrosion of mild steel in the presence of sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) have been investigated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization and cyclic polarization tests were used to evaluate the enhancement in corrosion resistance of mild steel pre-exposed to biotic (media inoculated with SRB) and abiotic environments. To characterize the deposits on mild steel surface before and after MIC process; FTIR analysis were used. The coupons were examined for their surface biofilms and corrosion features, using SEM/EDX technique. Generally, the silane-coated mild steel suffered less acceleration in corrosion in the presence of SRB, as seen from the corrosion potential, which moved less towards cathodic direction compared to that of uncoated specimens. Electrochemical investigations showed that the coating developed upon two step treatment of octadecyltrimethoxysilane had the least corrosion current density and the highest impedance among the investigated coatings. The least tendency to pitting was observed for the coating, developed upon two step silane treatments of BTSE, followed by the mixture of bis-amino and quaternary ammonium silanes in mixing ratios of 5:1 (V/V). BTSE treatment alone did not improve the corrosion resistance of mild steel in the presence of SRB.

Download or read book Heat Treating and Surface Engineering written by ASM Heat Treating Society. Conference and Exposition and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Methods of Investigation of Surface Treatment for Corrosion Protection of Steel written by Rolla E. Pollard and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Passivation of Batch galvanized Steel by Silane Treatment written by Man Xu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chromate conversion coatings are one of the most efficient intermediate surface treatments for galvanized steel. However, since chromium is toxic, a replacement for chromate conversion coating is needed. Dr. Van Ooij and his research group have developed a series of environmentally friendly silane treatments which showed excellent corrosion protection on various metals. This research is to passivate batch-galvanized steel by silane treatment as potential replacement of chromate treatments. Silane mixture of bis-amino silane and vinyltriacetoxysilane (VTAS) was studied and the optimized ratio was considered to be 4:1 by volume parts. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Direct Circuit Polarization (DCP) results revealed that this silane film has a hydrophobic nature and outperformed other silane ratios. Two corrosion inhibitors, sodium metavanadate and zinc phosphate, were studied by incorporating them in the optimized silane formulation. Salt spray test and other performance test results indicated that sodium metavanadate can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the silane film on batch-galvanized steel. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed a highly crosslinked siloxane network with the incorporation of sodium metavanadate. Mechanism studies such as Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOFSIMS) and scratch cell test showed that sodium metavanadate can crosslink the silane film and is also able to leach-out to defects in the coating.

Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents written by Kash L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-07-28 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume chronicles the proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Silanes and Other Coupling Agents held under the aegis of MST Conferences, LLC in Orlando, FL, June 11-13, 2003. Silanes have been used for about half a century as coupling agents / adhesion promoters to promote adhesion between dissimilar materials in a variety of situations, e.g., coating technology, adhesive bonding, and reinforced composites. However, recently silanes have found other applications, for example, as corrosion inhibitors. Lately there has been tremendous R&D activity in understanding the mechanisms by which silanes work as well as in devising new and improved silanes. This volume contains a total of 16 papers which were properly peer reviewed, revised and edited. The book is divided into two parts: 1. Silane Coupling Agents; and 2. Other Coupling Agents / Adhesion Promoters. Topics covered include: sterically hindered silanes; silane hydrolysis; silane oligomers; adsorption of silanes and their surface characterization; structure of bis-silane water-barrier films; silanes for improving adhesive bonding of aluminim, elastomer-to-metal adhesive bonds, and adhesion in silica-filler tire-tread compounds; electrodeposition of bis-silanes; silanes to provide corrosion resistance and as corrosion fatigue inhibitors; silane and other treatments for musical instrument strings; cyclic azasilanes as coupling agents for nanotechnology; hybrid polymers based on silanes for coating textile fabrics; plasma copolymers as adhesion promoters; organophosphate adsorption; and activation of wood fibres. This volume and its predecessors containing bountiful information should serve as a reference source for the latest R&D activity in the arena of coupling agents. Anyone interested or involved in promoting adhesion between dissimilar materials for any application should find this volume of great use and value.

Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents written by K. L. Mittal and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009-03-16 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume chronicles the proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Silanes and Other Coupling Agents.This volume and its predecessors containing bountiful information should serve as a reference source for the latest R&D activity in the arena of coupling agents. Anyone interested or involved in promoting adhesion between dissimilar materials for any application should find this volume of great use and value.

Download or read book Organic Protective Coatings written by William Von Fischer and published by . This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributing Authors Include Edmond C. Botti, F. L. Browne, J. R. Devore, And Many Others.