Download or read book Corrosion and Degradation of Metallic Materials Understanding of the Phenomena and Applications in Petroleum and Process Industries written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corrosion and Degradation of Metallic Materials written by François Ropital and published by Editions technip. This book was released on 2010 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second section describes the various techniques used in the petroleum industry to protect metallic materials, to detect and to monitor corrosion, in a manner readily accessible to non-specialist readers. --
Download or read book High Temperature Corrosion written by César A. C. Sequeira and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-01-23 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the science and engineering of high-temperature corrosion and provides guidelines for selecting the best materials for an array of system processes High-temperature corrosion (HTC) is a widespread problem in an array of industries, including power generation, aerospace, automotive, and mineral and chemical processing, to name a few. This book provides engineers, physicists, and chemists with a balanced presentation of all relevant basic science and engineering aspects of high-temperature corrosion. It covers most HTC types, including oxidation, sulfidation, nitridation, molten salts, fuel-ash corrosion, H2S/H2 corrosion, molten fluoride/HF corrosion, and carburization. It also provides corrosion data essential for making the appropriate choices of candidate materials for high-temperature service in process conditions. A form of corrosion that does not require the presence of liquids, high-temperature corrosion occurs due to the interaction at high temperatures of gases, liquids, or solids with materials. HTC is a subject is of increasing importance in many areas of science and engineering, and students, researchers, and engineers need to be aware of the nature of the processes that occur in high-temperature materials and equipment in common use today, especially in the chemical, gas, petroleum, electric power, metal manufacturing, automotive, and nuclear industries. Provides engineers and scientists with the essential data needed to make the most informed decisions on materials selection Includes up-to-date information accompanied by more than 1,000 references, 80% of which from within the past fifteen years Includes details on systems of critical engineering importance, especially the corrosion induced by low-energy radionuclides Includes practical guidelines for testing and research in HTC, along with both the European and International Standards for high-temperature corrosion engineering Offering balanced, in-depth coverage of the fundamental science behind and engineering of HTC, High Temperature Corrosion: Fundamentals and Engineering is a valuable resource for academic researchers, students, and professionals in the material sciences, solid state physics, solid state chemistry, electrochemistry, metallurgy, and mechanical, chemical, and structural engineers.
Download or read book Catalysis by Transition Metal Sulphides written by RAYBAUD Pascal and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main application of Transition Metal Sulphides (TMS) as solid catalysts is for production of clean fuels in petroleum refineries. The various feedstocks to be processed all contain more or less sulphur, included in highly stable heteroaromatic molecules. In order to meet the stringent specifications imposed worldwide nowadays on transportation fuels to reduce their environmental impact, catalytic hydroprocessing remains essential. In this process, sulphur is removed as H2S following the reaction between molecular hydrogen and the heteroaromatics. The reaction conditions and reaction medium composition are such that only TMS provide stable catalysts, generally supported on alumina. Both for their fundamental and applied interest, these fascinating systems are still the subject of a very significant research effort, while major advances have been made over the past 30 years, involving innovative preparation routes, sophisticated surface science experiments for characterisation, detailed kinetic and mechanistic studies, and state of the art DFT simulations giving unprecedented insight into the local structure as well as elementary steps at microscopic level. This book aims at providing a complete, comprehensive and updated survey of the field, useful for anyone involved: the student starting a research project, the academic researcher or the refinery engineer willing to deepen their knowledge on the catalytic as well as on the process aspects. 37 specialists from IFP Energies nouvelles, CNRS, or French universities have contributed, reporting a unique synthesis of the last 15 years of research. The preface written by Michèle Breysse, a well known leading scientist who devoted most of her fruitful career to this topic, puts this collective work into a meaningful historical perspective. Contents : Part 1. Fundamental Aspects: Insights from DFT calculations and experimental surface sciences. 1. Periodic trends in catalysis by sulphides. 2. Atomic scale structures of mixed lamellar sulphides. 3. Theoretical and microkinetic studies of hydrotreatment reactions. 4. Models of supported Co(Ni)MoS Catalysts. Part 2. Progress in the preparation and characterisation of industrial hydrotreating catalysts. 1. Principles involved in the preparation of hydrotreatment catalysts. 2. Progress in the preparation of new catalysts. 3. Progress in the preparation of catalysts with controlled acidity: case of aluminosilicate supports. 4. Activation and genesis of the active phase by sulfidation. 5. life cycle of an HDT catalyst. 6. Charaterisation of catalysts. Part 3. Applications to the production of clean fuels. 1. An overview of refining. 2. Deep desulphurisation of middle distillates. 3. Selective desulphurisation of catalytic cracking gasolines. 4. Hydrocracking. 5. Hydroprocessing and hydroconversion of residue fractions. 6. Hydrotreatment of vegetable oils. 7. Hydroconversion of coals. Conclusion.
Download or read book Geomechanics Applied to the Petroleum Industry written by Jean-François Nauroy and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2011 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing an efficient drilling program is a key step for the development of an oil and/or gas field. Variations in reservoir pressure, saturation and temperature, induced by reservoir production or CO2 injection, involve various coupled physical and chemical processes. Geomechanics, which consider all thermohydromechanical phenomena involved in rock behavior, play an important role in every operation involved in the exploitation of hydrocarbons, from drilling to production, and in CO2 geological storage operations as well. Pressure changes in the reservoir modify the in situ stresses and induce strains, not only within the reservoir itself, but also in the entire sedimentary column. In turn, these stress variations and associated strains modify the fluids flow in the reservoir and change the wellbore stability parameters. This book offers a large overview on applications of Geomechanics to petroleum industry. It presents the fundamentals of rock mechanics, describes the methods used to characterise rocks in the laboratory and the modelling of their mechanical behaviour ; it gives elements of numerical geomechanical modelling at the site scale. It also demonstrates the role of Geomechanics in the optimisation of drilling and production : it encompasses drillability, wellbore stability, sand production and hydraulic fracturing ; it provides the basic attainments to deal with the environmental aspects of heave or subsidence of the surface layers, CO2 sequestration and well abandonment ; and it shows how seismic monitoring and geomechanical modelling of reservoirs can help to optimise production or check cap rock integrity. This book will be of interest to all engineers involved in oil field development and petroleum engineering students, whether drillers or producers. It aims also at providing a large range of potential users with a simple approach of a broad field of knowledge.
Download or read book Petroleum Refining Crude oil petroleum products process flowsheets written by Jean-Pierre Wauquier and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 1995 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first volume, the reader will find, collected and condensed, the information needed to characterize, analyze, and evaluate crude oils from different origins and their corresponding petroleum cuts as well. The characteristics and specifications of all the petroleum products along with their simplified process flowsheets are reviewed.Contents: 1. Composition of crude oils and petroleum products. 2. Fractionation and elemental analysis of crude oils and petroleum cuts. 3. Characterization of crude oils and petroleum fractions. 4. Methods for the calculation of hydrocarbon physical properties. 5. Characteristics of petroleum products for energy use (motor fuels - heating fuels). 6. Characteristics of non-fuel petroleum products. 7. Standards and specifications of petroleum products. 8. Evaluation of crude oils. 9. Additives for motor fuels and lubricants. 10. Introduction to refining. Appendices: Principal characteristics of pure components. Principal standard test methods for petroleum products. References. Index.
Download or read book Select Thermodynamic Models for Process Simulation written by Jean-Charles de Hemptinne and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2012 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The selection of the most adequate thermodynamic model in a process simulation is an issue that most process engineer has to face sooner or later. This book, conceived as a practical guide, aims at providing adequate answers by analysing the questions to be looked at. The analysis (first chapter) yields three keys that are further discussed in three different chapters. (1) A good understanding of the properties required in the process, and their method of calculation is the first key. The second chapter provides to that end in a synthetic manner the most important equations that are derived from the fundamental principes of thermodynamics. (2) An adequate description of the mixture, which is a combination of models and parameters, is the second key. The third chapter makes the link between components and models, both from a numerical (parameterisation) and physical (molecular interactions) point of view. Finally, (3) a correct view of the phase behaviour and trends in regard of the process conditions is the third key. The fourth chapter illustrates the phase behaviour and makes model recommendations for the most significant industrial systems. A decision tree is provided at the end of this chapter. In the last chapter, the key questions are reviewed for a number of typical processes. This book is intended for process engineers, who are not specialists of thermodynamics but are confronted with this kind of problems and need a reference book, as well as process engineering students who will find an original approach to thermodynamics, complementary of traditional lectures
Download or read book Hydrogen the Post oil Fuel written by Edouard Freund and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2013 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogen—is it the energy vector for the future, or on the contrary, limited for many more decades, possibly even until the end of the century, to its current applications in the field of chemistry and refining? Advocates of the hydrogen civilization and the skeptics, even the declared opponents, are deeply divided over this issue. For the first, following a technological revolution, hydrogen would play a universal role alongside electricity in transport, leading to radical elimination of CO2 emissions. For the second, hydrogen will remain restricted to its current applications due to the insoluble problems inherent in its generalized use, especially in transport.
Download or read book Corrosion and degradatio written by François Ropital and published by Editions OPHRYS. This book was released on with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second section describes the various techniques used in the petroleum industry to protect metallic materials, to detect and to monitor corrosion, in a manner readily accessible to non-specialist readers. --
Download or read book Shared Earth Modeling written by Michel Perrin and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2013 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last two decades, earth modeling has become a major investigative tool for evaluating the potential of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Earth modelling must now face new challenges since petroleum exploration no longer consists in only investigating newly identified resources, but also in re-evaluating the potential of previously investigated reservoirs in the light of new prospecting data and of revised interpretations. Earth models incorporate a variety of different interpretations made on various types of data at successive steps of the modeling process. However, current modeling procedures provide no way to link a range of data and interpretations with a final earth model. For this reason, sharing and exchanging information about the model building process is at present a major difficulty. Recently, the term “Shared Earth Modeling” has been used for expressing the idea that earth models should be built in such a way that experts and end users can have access, at any time, to all the information incorporated into the model. This information does not only concern the data, but also the knowledge that geoscientists produce by interpreting these data. Accordingly, practical solutions must be studied for operating a knowledge-driven approach of Shared Earth Modeling. This is the goal of this book. This study of earth subsurface modeling is intended for several categories of readers. It concerns in the first place geologists, engineers and managers involved in the study and evaluation of subsurface reservoirs and hydrocarbon exploration. Relying on recent progress in various fields of computer sciences, the authors present innovative solutions for solving the critical issue of knowledge exchange at key steps of the modeling process. This book will also be of interest to researchers in computer science and, more generally, to engineers, researchers and students who wish to apply advanced knowledge-based techniques to complex engineering problems. Contents : Part I. Earth Models. 1. Earth models as subsurface representations. 2. Earth models for underground resource exploration and estimation. 3. Earth models used in petroleum industry: current practice and future challenges. Part II. Knowledge oriented solutions. 4. Knowledge based approach of a data intensive problem: seismic interpretation. 5. Individual surface representations and optimization. 6. Geological surface assemblage. 7. 3D Meshes for structural, stratigraphy and reservoir frameworks. 8. The data extension issue: geological constraints applied in geostatistical processes. Part III. Knowledge formalization. 9. Ontologies and their use for geological knowledge formalization. 10. Ontologies for Interpreting geochronological relationships. 11. Building ontologies for analyzing data expressed in natural language. 12. Ontology-based rock description and interpretation. Part IV. Knowledge management & applications. 13. Ontology integration and management within data intensive engineering systems. 14. Earth modeling using web services. 15. Full scale example of a knowledge-based method for building and managing an earth model. Part V. Conclusion. Appendix. Glossary.
Download or read book Biofuels written by Daniel Ballerini and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2012 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in the world energy context, the increasing awareness of the environmental stakes and the development of research on the production of second and third generation biofuels revealed a clear need to write a new book which updates and complements all technical, financial and environmental aspects of Les Biocarburants—État des lieux, perspectives et enjeux du développement (Biofuels—Current status, outlook and development stakes) published in 2006. This book provides a detailed state of the art of the first generation biofuel production technologies. It describes the new «second generation» pathways which use lignocellulosic biomass as raw material and are starting to find industrial applications, thereby reducing the competition between the food resource and the use of agricultural materials for energy purposes. It also provides a technical update on the algaeto-energy pathway (third generation) and the production of methane and hydrogen by biochemical pathways. The book arrives at exactly the right time to renew the interest in biofuels, including for air transport, and provide an insight on the technological research and development axes currently being investigated. It is intended for transport companies, refiners, forestry companies, the agricultural and agribusiness sectors as well as the public authorities, students, university teachers and researchers.
Download or read book CO2 Capture written by Fabrice Lecomte and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2010 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CO2 capture and geological storage (CCS) is now recognised as being one of the pathways that can be implemented to reduce CO2 emissions and fight against global warming. But where, how and at what price can CO2 be captured? This book attempts to provide the answers to these questions, reviewing the state of the art of the technologies required. It presents the three main pathways considered in which the CO2 capture technologies are expected to be implemented, respectively: the post-combustion pathway, in which the CO2 contained in industrial flue gases is extracted; the oxy-combustion pathway, in which combustion is performed in oxygen to obtain flue gases with high CO2 concentration; and lastly the pre-combustion pathway, in which carbon is extracted from the initial fuel to generate hydrogen, whose combustion will produce only water vapour. The book introduces, for each pathway, the technologies currently available and those under development. It is intended for everyone wanting to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms implemented in CO2 capture operations, as well as the technological and economic challenges to be met to ensure that the costs generated by these operations are no longer an obstacle to their worldwide generalisation.Contents: 1. Why capture and store CO2? Global warming. How to reduce CO2 emissions. Main links of the CCS chain. 2. Where capture CO2? CO2 fixed emission sources worldwide. Fixed sources in France. CO2 capture potential in France. 3. Post-Combustion CO2 capture. Principles and stakes. Characteristics of post-combustion flue gases. Separation techniques potentially suitable for post-combustion CO2 capture. Technologies under development for post-combustion CO2 Capture. CO2 conditioning. Conclusion. 4. Oxy-combustion CO2 capture. Principles and stakes. Oxy-combustion. Chemical looping combustion. CO2 conditioning. Demonstrations. 5. Pre-combustion CO2 capture. Principles and stakes. Syngas production. Water-gas shift reaction. CO2 extraction. CO2 conditioning. Hydrogen combustion. Integrated power production processes with pre-combustion CO2 capture. 6. Capture and store CO2: at what cost? Calculation bases. CO2 capture costs. CO2 transport costs. CO2 storage costs. Trend in the cost of the CCS chain - Power production. Variability of CCS chain costs. Application to existing installations. Conclusion. Appendix.
Download or read book The Oil and Gas Engineering Guide written by Hervé Baron and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2010 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each engineering task is described and illustrated with a sample document taken from a real project. --
Download or read book Hybrid Vehicles written by BADIN François and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fast growth in world population and the associated energy requirements, the announced depletion of fossil fuel resources, the continuing rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with the induced climatic changes represent some of the major challenges to be taken up in the coming years and decades. Hybridization therefore typically represents a transition technology which can significantly improve the energy and environmental performance of current vehicles, without radically changing their use typologies, while opening the way to new propulsion modes for the longer term. It is nevertheless a complex subject requiring a multidisciplinary approach. This book, which is intended to be exhaustive, considers the vehicle, its components, their association and their control, as well as the global balances determined over the vehicle lifetime. It starts with a general presentation of the various conditions of use of vehicles, to give readers an understanding of the stakes related to the development of hybrid vehicles and the methods used to compare the performance of the various solutions. The principles and the various types of internal combustion engine and electrical drives, onboard energy storage systems, principles, architectures, specific components and operation of hybrid drivetrains, as well as the energy management in these vehicles, are developed. A global analysis of the various drivetrains life cycle assessment (LCA), total costs and availability of sensitive materials is also provided. This book is intended for everyone involved in the design, manufacture and implementation of hybrid drive vehicles and their components. It will also be of interest to students, teachers and researchers wishing to acquire or further their knowledge in all fields impacted by drivetrain electrification. More globally, after consulting this book, readers will be in a position to evaluate the technologies related to the concept of drivetrain hybridization, their implementation, balances and generalization conditions. This book is available in French Under the title "Véhicules hybrides". Contents : 1. Vehicle use. 2. Internal combustion engines. 3. Electric drivetrain. 4. On-board energy storage systems. 5. Hybridization. 6. Control of hybrid vehicles. 7. Comparative study of hybrid vehicles: greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and cost. Appendixes.
Download or read book Our energy future is not set in stone written by CHARLEZ Philippe A. and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2014-06-01 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If technology is an undeniable catalyst for progress, then energy is its inevitable basic food. It is no coincidence that since the industrial revolution, economic growth has been fuelled first by coal, then by oil & gas. Although energy intensity reserves are still sizeable in emerging economies and the technological catalyst can partially dematerialize growth, it is unrealistic to separate growth from its basic food. And, even if the “fossil energies share” (oil/gas/coal) will lose a few percent to nuclear and renewable energies over the next decades, all the indicators point to a world mix in which the fossil energy share will still top 75% by 2035. Driven by growth in emerging countries, the demand for oil and gas will continue to grow steadily. Even if there are enough oil and gas reserves to see us through the next three decades, will the industry be able to exploit and produce new resources that are increasingly complex to develop at a sufficient rate and which are often located in politically unstable countries? Not to mention the added challenge of the growing numbers of stakeholders who are increasingly insistent on industrial safety, environment and societal issues? In particular, will non-conventional resources, whose production growth could defer the oil & gas peaks by several decades, be able to withstand political and environmental lobbies? The evolution of oil & gas landscape over the past few years reveals a disturbing increase in the time required to develop large new fields and an accelerated decline of the production base due to the ageing of most of the mature-field facilities. This book aims to analyze all the critical factors (technical, political, economic, social and human) that could potentially accelerate or delay the maintenance and redevelopment of mature producing fields as well as the discovery and development of new conventional and unconventional resources. Insofar as in 2035, oil and gas still account for more than half of the world primary energy consumption, the appropriate management of these critical factors is crucial to ensuring, at least in the medium term, the ”Grail of Growth”. However, the hope of achieving the 450 ppm targets of Copenhagen has been shattered – bad news for the human population which is becoming more concerned with ensuring its short-term growth than with its long-term survival. Our energy future is not set in stone. Contents : 1. The food of growth. 2. Limiting the decline of the basement. 3. The increasing complexity of new developments. 4. Reaching excellence in safety. 5. Obtaining an environmental and social license to operate. 6. The “Energy” of the “Energy”. 7. Our energy future is not set in stone.
Download or read book The geopolitics of energy written by and published by Editions OPHRYS. This book was released on with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemistry of Fossil Fuels written by Alain-Yves Huc and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2013 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the origin and fate of hydrocarbons in the subsurface was the major endeavor of organic geochemists during the second half of the twentieth century. They succeeded to the point where the deciphered interplaying of elements and processes paved the way for the revolutionary concept of the petroleum system, a unifying paradigm that plays an important role in decision making associated with oil and gas exploration. The chemistry and physics involved have been addressed in a quantitative way and integrated into the other aspects of petroleum geology, giving rise to the development of numerical basin modeling. This book has been designed to offer an overview of different aspects of the geochemistry of fossil fuels, in particular the functioning of a petroleum system. In this respect, it can be viewed as a foundation for approaching basin modeling. This book will be of interest to a large audience including specialists in the field, nonspecialist professionals, and undergraduate and graduate students.
