Download or read book Correlation of Lava Flows on Cascade Volcanoes written by Timothy Michael O'Brien and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bedrock mapping in volcanic terrains is a challenge, and generally requires extensive field work and petrographic and geochemical analysis. Paleomagnetism, when used in conjunction with field, geochemical and petrographic data offers a complimentary geophysical tool to field mapping, assisting in the correlation of lava flows across faults and aiding in determination of fault kinematics. Secular variation of the Earth's magnetic field imprints individually distinguishable magnetic orientations in igneous rocks emplaced>100 years apart, resulting in magnetic fingerprints that can be used to correlate lava flows across eroded areas, or that have been displaced by faulting or modified by weathering. A successful paleomagnetic study requires establishment of a well constrained magnetic orientation for individual lava flows, against which structural corrections can be made for sample sites in rotated blocks. The resulting structural corrections provide insight into the mode and degree of movement along the fault since emplacement of the lava flows. This methodology was applied to mapping a tectonically modified Pliocene-Pleistocene volcanic edifice, Burney Spring Mountain, within the Hat Creek Graben of northeastern California. The establishment of a general range of paleomagnetic orientations for Burney Spring Mountain serves to distinguish between lava flows sourced from Burney Spring Mountain and those that overlap the edifice from surrounding volcanic vents. Paleomagnetic results have thus assisted in delineating the areal extent of Burney Spring Mountain and have furthermore revealed the presence of local block rotations adjacent to the fault, clarifying the kinematics of the faults themselves. Supporting geochemical analyses were conducted to assist in the correlation of Burney Spring Mountain lava flows involving the use of an electron-dispersive x-ray spectrometer (EDS) outfitted scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a portable x-ray fluorescence (pXRF) device. Part of the geochemical approach was novel, using the SEM-EDS to target titanomagnetite crystals within studied lava flows; attempting to distinguish between the flows using the geochemistry of the crystals. This technique is typically applied to differentiating between tephra deposits. The combination of the paleomagnetic and geochemical data provided a means of correlating and differentiating the lava flows of ancestral Burney Spring Mountain volcano. The results, particularly from paleomagnetic data, strongly support a short growth period for ancestral Burney Spring Mountain volcano.^This has interesting implications for understanding the smaller monogenetic and polygenetic volcanism that define the Cascades magmatic axis. Ancestral Burney Spring Mountain volcano was a short-lived polygenetic stratovolcano that failed to achieve the size and maturity of the major stratovolcanoes that dominate the Cascade's skyline.
Download or read book Volcanoes of the Cascades written by Richard Hill and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2024-03-26 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majestic Cascade Mountains serve as the centerpiece for the Northwest's renowned beauty, with their rugged, snow-capped peaks drawing thousands of visitors to their flanks each summer. Several of the region's national parks are centered on these mountains, including North Cascades National Park, Mount Rainier National Park, and Crater Lake National Park. Underlying their elegance, however, is the disquieting fact that the range's major peaks are potentially hazardous volcanoes. On average, two eruptions occur per century. In the last century, explosive eruptions at Lassen Peak and Mount St. Helens left onlookers in awe. This easy-to-understand book provides residents and visitors with a good understanding of each peak's distinctive nature and how the volcanoes are linked by their geologic underpinnings. Accessible prose by award-winning science writer Richard L. Hill, paired with clear illustrations and photographs, show each peak's individual characteristics, as well as the plate processes at work beneath them.
Download or read book Monitoring Active Volcanoes written by Robert I. Tilling and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Living with Volcanic Risk in the Cascades written by Daniel Dzurisin and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose Unrest Precursors and Timing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-24 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanic eruptions are common, with more than 50 volcanic eruptions in the United States alone in the past 31 years. These eruptions can have devastating economic and social consequences, even at great distances from the volcano. Fortunately many eruptions are preceded by unrest that can be detected using ground, airborne, and spaceborne instruments. Data from these instruments, combined with basic understanding of how volcanoes work, form the basis for forecasting eruptionsâ€"where, when, how big, how long, and the consequences. Accurate forecasts of the likelihood and magnitude of an eruption in a specified timeframe are rooted in a scientific understanding of the processes that govern the storage, ascent, and eruption of magma. Yet our understanding of volcanic systems is incomplete and biased by the limited number of volcanoes and eruption styles observed with advanced instrumentation. Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose, Unrest, Precursors, and Timing identifies key science questions, research and observation priorities, and approaches for building a volcano science community capable of tackling them. This report presents goals for making major advances in volcano science.
Download or read book Characteristics of Hawaiian Volcanoes written by Taeko Jane Takahashi and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characteristics of Hawaiian Volcanoes establishes a benchmark for the currrent understanding of volcanism in Hawaii, and the articles herein build upon the elegant and pioneering work of Dutton, Jagger, Steams, and many other USGS and academic scientists. Each chapter synthesizes the lessons learned about a specific aspect of volcanism in Hawaii, based largely o continuous observation of eruptive activity and on systematic research into volcanic and earthquake processes during HVO's first 100 years. NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNTS FOR ALREADY REDUCED SALE ITEMS.
Download or read book U S Geological Survey Professional Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quaternary Magmatism in the Cascades written by Wes Hildreth and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Volcanology written by Michael P. Poland and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Don Swanson has adopted a detailed, field-oriented approach to studying problems of great volcanologic importance across a range of compositions and scales. This volume emphasizes the role of field volcanology as a window into better understanding volcanic processes, past and present, and highlights those places and processes where Swanson's insights have been particularly impactful"--
Download or read book Geological Survey Professional Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies in Volcanology written by Howel Williams and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lava Flows and Domes written by Jonathan H. Fink and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers is based on a symposium held in 1987 at the Interna tional Union of Geology and Geodesy Congress in Vancouver, British Colum bia. The Symposium was planned as a follow-up to a session at the 1984 Geo logical Society of America Annual Meeting in Reno, Nevada, which dealt with the emplacement of silicic lava domes. In both cases, emphasis was placed on the physical and mechanical rather than chemical aspects of lava flow. The IUGG Symposium consisted of two lecture sessions, a poster session, and two discussion periods, and had 22 participants. The contributions to this volume are all based on papers presented in the various parts of the Sym posium. The motivation for studying lava flow mechanics is both practical and scientific. Scientists and government agencies seek to more effectively predict the hazards associated with active lavas. Recovering mineral resources found in lava flows and domes also requires an understanding of their emplacement. From a more theoretical standpoint, petrologists view lava studies as a way to directly observe the rheologic consequences of mixing crystals, bubbles, and solid blocks of country rock with silicate liquids. This information can then be used to constrain processes occurring in the concealed conduits, dikes, and chambers that feed flows and domes on the surface.
Download or read book Geological Survey Research 1980 written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geological Survey Professional Paper written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book InSAR Observations of Ground Deformation written by Amy Laura Parker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-14 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This doctoral thesis applies measurements of ground deformation from satellite radar using their potential to play a key role in understanding volcanic and magmatic processes throughout the eruption cycle. However, making these measurements is often problematic, and the processes driving ground deformation are commonly poorly understood. These problems are approached in this thesis in the context of the Cascades Volcanic Arc. From a technical perspective, the thesis develops a new way of using regional-scale weather models to assess a priori the influence of atmospheric uncertainties on satellite measurements of volcano deformation, providing key parameters for volcano monitoring. Next, it presents detailed geodetic studies of two volcanoes in northern California: Medicine Lake Volcano and Lassen Volcanic Centre. Finally, the thesis combines geodetic constraints with petrological inputs to develop a thermal model of cooling magma intrusions. The novelty and range of topics covered in this thesis mean that it is a seminal work in volcanic and magmatic studies.
Download or read book Geologic Field trip Guide to the Volcanic and Hydrothermal Landscape of the Yellowstone Plateau written by Lisa A. Morgan and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geological Survey Circular written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
