Download or read book Corporate versus National Interest in US Trade Policy written by Richard L. Bernal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-31 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a history of the WTO US-EU banana dispute through the lens of a major actor: the US-owned multinational firm, Chiquita Brands International. It documents and explains how Chiquita succeeded in having the Clinton administration pursue a trade policy of forcing the European Union to dismantle its preferential banana import regime for exports from the small English-speaking Caribbean (ESC) countries. The export of bananas was critically important to the social stability and economic viability of these countries and that was in the national security interest of the United States. The experience indicates that succeeding in this goal was detrimental to U.S. national security interest in the Caribbean.
Download or read book U S Trade and Investment Policy written by Andrew H. Card and published by Council on Foreign Relations. This book was released on 2011 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From American master Ward Just, returning to his trademark territory of "Forgetfulness "and "The Weather in Berlin," an evocative portrait of diplomacy and desire set against the backdrop of America's first lost war
Download or read book A World Trade Policy in the National Interest written by Committee for a National Trade Policy, inc. [from old catalog] and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Clashing Over Commerce written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs
Download or read book The Political Economy of American Trade Policy written by Anne O. Krueger and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the political and economic determinants of trade protection, this study provides a wealth of information on key American industries and documents the process of seeking and conferring protection. Eight analytical histories of the automobile, steel, semiconductor, lumber, wheat, and textile and apparel industries demonstrate that trade barriers rarely have unequivocal benefits and may be counterproductive. They show that criteria for awarding protection do not take into account the interests of consumers or other industries and that political influence and an organized lobby are major sources of protection. Based on these findings, a final essay suggests that current policy fails to consider adequately economic efficiency, the public good, and indirect negative effects. This volume will interest scholars in economics, business, and public policy who deal with trade issues.
Download or read book U S Trade Policy at the Crossroads written by John C. Whitehead and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of U S Trade Protection and Promotion Policies written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists disagree on whether recent U.S. trade policies are harmful or helpful, but they all agree that there is a new trend toward focusing on results-oriented policies in specific markets and with particular trading partners. These twelve essays by leading international economists explore crucial issues in U.S. trade policy today. Topics examined include the markets for automobile and automobile parts in the United States and Japan, the U.S. response to "unfair" trading practices such as dumping, and the effects of industry- and country-specific policies. Examples include high-technology and agricultural industries and off-shore assembly in U.S. border cities. The volume concludes that some policies can act to both protect imports and promote exports, that the threat of protectionist policies can often have effects that are as pronounced as their implementation, and that regulatory policy has as great an impact on trade and investment patterns as does trade policy itself. It will be of crucial interest to international trade economists, policy specialists, and political scientists.
Download or read book Constituent Interests and U S Trade Policies written by Alan Verne Deardorff and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1998-12-23 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the groups that are influencing U.S. international trade policies
Download or read book The Politics of U S International Trade written by Stefanie Ann Lenway and published by Pitman Publishing. This book was released on 1985 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Political Economy of Trade Protection written by Anne O. Krueger and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This clear, concise summary of the in-depth analyses presented in The Political Economy of American Trade Policy examines the level, form, and evolution of American trade protection. In case studies of trade barriers imposed during the 1980s to help the steel, semiconductor, automobile, lumber, wheat, and textile and apparel industries, the contributors trace the evolution of efforts to obtain protection, protectionist measures, and their results. A chapter assessing the common themes that emerge from the studies concludes that the focus of current trade law is exclusively on the individual protection-seeking industries, with little regard for indirect effects on using industries or for consumers. Reform could usefully take these effects into account. This volume will interest policymakers, business executives, and anyone interested in trade policy formulation and practice.
Download or read book Defending the National Interest Or Giving in to Union Pressure written by Roy C. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. government responded to a surge of tire imports from China using Section 421 of the 1974 Trade Act. This allowed the U.S. government to impose a large increase in tariffs on imports of tires from China over a three-year period. Explanations for President Obama's decision to do this ranged from domestic political explanations--specifically, that he was caving into pressure from the USWA union--to arguments that he was defending the larger national interests.
Download or read book Digital trade and U S trade policy written by Rachel F. Fefer and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trade Deficits and U S Trade Policy written by Congressional Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic effects of the U.S. trade deficit have been a topic of long-standing congressional interest. The U.S. Constitution grants authority to Congress to regulate commerce with foreign nations and to lay and collect duties, and Congress exercises this authority in numerous ways. These include oversight of trade policy and consideration of legislation to implement trade agreements and to authorize trade programs. In some cases, Congress has delegated certain authorities over trade policy to the Executive Branch: for example, to facilitate trade negotiations. As part of efforts to examine U.S. trade policy and key trading relationships, Congress and previous Administrations have focused on the trade deficit at times, but generally have not implemented specific measures to lower the trade deficit. Nor has reducing bilateral trade deficits been a major objective in evaluating or negotiating U.S. free trade agreements (FTAs) and implementing trade laws. Previous Administrations rarely linked trade deficits and import tariffs with U.S. national security. The Trump Administration, however, is using the U.S. trade deficit as a barometer for evaluating the success or failure of the global trading system, U.S. trade policy, and bilateral trade relations with various countries. It also characterizes the trade deficit as harming the performance and national security of the U.S. economy. The Trump Administration's approach contrasts with the views of most economists, who argue that the overall U.S. trade deficit stems from U.S. macroeconomic policies that create a savings and investment imbalance in which domestic sources of capital are not sufficient to meet domestic capital demands. As such, attempting to alter the trade deficit without addressing the underlying macroeconomic issues will likely be counterproductive and create distortions in the economy. Some analysts argue that trade agreements play an important role in the U.S. trade deficit; they contend the agreements have failed to provide U.S. exporters with reciprocal treatment or have exposed U.S. producers to increased competition. Most economists, however, question both the role that trade agreements play in determining the trade deficit and the position that the trade deficit is substantially the product of unfair treatment. The Trump Administration's approach does not rule out the possibility that some countries may not be fully abiding by international trade agreements and rules, or may be maintaining certain trade barriers. Such actions may distort market performance and erode public support for the international trade system. As a result, addressing these issues and continuing to negotiate new agreements to remove trade barriers are likely to have benefits by improving efficiency and creating a level playing field in the global trading system. Nevertheless, given the macroeconomic origins of the trade deficit, as is generally accepted, addressing such distortions may alter the composition of U.S. trade among trading partners and commodities, but would be unlikely to affect the overall U.S. trade deficit. Most economists also question the role the trade deficit plays in affecting jobs, wages, and the distribution of income in the U.S. economy. One concern expressed by economists and others is the debt accumulation associated with sustained trade deficits. . Most economists contend that as a whole, both consumers and producers benefit from liberalized trade and that the gains for the economy as a whole outweigh the costs, irrespective of the bilateral trade deficit or surplus. Most economists argue that the economy operates more efficiently as a result of competition through international trade. They also contend that trade may have a long-term positive dynamic effect on an economy that enhances both production and employment.
Download or read book Breaking New Ground In U s Trade Policy written by James P Dorian and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reexamines the U.S. trade policy, discussing challenges that prompted the Committee for Economic Development to construct a modern framework and reaffirm its support of the multilateral trade system. It presents recommendations essential to bolstering U.S. competitiveness in the future.
Download or read book Ideas Interests and American Trade Policy written by Judith Goldstein and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To citizens and political analysts alike, United States trade law is an incoherent conglomeration of policies, both liberal and protectionist. Seeking to understand the contradictions in American policy, Judith Goldstein offers the first book to demonstrate the impact of the political past on today's trade decisions. As she traces the history of trade agreements from the antebellum era through the 1980s, she addresses a fundamental question: What effects do shared ideas about economics—as opposed to national power or individual self-interest—have on the institutions that make and enforce trade law? Goldstein argues that successful ideas become embedded in institutions and typically outlive the time during which they served social interests. She sets the stage with a discussion of the shifting commercial policy of the first half of the nineteenth century. After examining the consequences of the Republican party's decision to promote high tariffs between 1870 and 1930, she then considers in detail the political aftermath of the Great Depression, when the Democratic party settled on a reciprocal trade platform. Because the Democrats did not completely dismantle the existing system, however, the combined legacies of protection and openness help explain the intricacies in the forms of protectionism that political leaders have advocated since World War II. Readers in such fields as political science, political economy, policy studies and law, international relations, and American history will welcome Ideas, Interests, and American Trade Policy.
Download or read book Constructing a New U S Trade Policy written by Alan William Wolff and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trade Protection in the United States written by Charles K. Rowley and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1995 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work analyzes the history of US trade policy and explains why interest groups are able to foster protectionist policies despite the advantages which free trade offers consumers. The authors also explain why the principles of managed trade - like GATT - are subverted by protectionism.
