Download or read book Convective Clouds as Tracers of Air Motion written by Lester F. Hubert and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Convective Clouds as Tracers of Air Motion written by Lester F. Hubert and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Entrainment of Tracers Into Convective Clouds at 10 to 13 5 Thousand Feet Near St Louis written by J. A. .et al Young and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Weather Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NOAA Technical Memorandum NESS written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dependence of VTPR Transmittance Profiles and Observed Radiances on Spectral Line Shape Parameters written by Carl Braun and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vertical Air Motion and Phase Partitioning in Convective Clouds written by Jing Yang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Convective clouds are important to global energy balance and water cycle because they dynamically couple the planetary boundary layer to the free troposphere through vertical transport of heat, moisture, and mass. Vertical air motion and ice generation control the life cycle and precipitation efficiency in convective clouds, however, they are still not well understood. This study aims to improve our understandings of vertical air motion and phase partitioning in convective clouds using aircraft measurements and model simulations, and to evaluate and improve parameterizations of ice generation in numerical models. There are two main parts in this study, in the first part, the vertical velocity and air mass flux in isolated convective clouds are statistically analyzed using airborne measurements from three field campaigns: High-Plains Cumulus (HiCu) conducted over the mid-latitude High Plains, COnvective Precipitation Experiment (COPE) conducted in a mid-latitude coastal area, and Ice in Clouds Experiment-Tropical (ICE-T) conducted over a tropical ocean. The results show small-scale updrafts and downdrafts ( 500 m in diameter) are frequently observed in the three field campaigns, and they make important contributions to the total air mass flux. The probability density functions (PDFs) of vertical velocity and air mass flux are exponentially distributed, and the updrafts generally strengthen with height. Relatively strong updrafts ( 20 m s−1) were observed in COPE and ICE-T, and the observed downdrafts are stronger in HiCu and COPE than in ICE-T. In the second part, the particle size distributions (PSDs) and liquid-ice partitioning in tropical maritime convective clouds are studied using observations from ICE-T and numerical models. The airborne measurements show the liquid fraction between 0 C and -15 C decreases by a factor of about 3 in developing convective clouds, and a factor of 2 in mature clouds. In dissipating clouds, ice dominates in all temperature ranges. The airborne observations are used to evaluate the simulations using a parcel model and WRF with spectral bin microphysics (SBM). The results show there are two main differences between the modelled and observed results: 1) The modelled ice concentrations are significantly underestimated. Based on previous laboratory experiments and constraints from aircraft measurements, drop freezing-splinter (FS) and droplet collisional freezing (CF) mechanisms are parameterized and tested using a parcel model and WRF. With FS and CF implemented, the modelled PSDs and liquid-ice mass partitioning are more consistent with aircraft observations, suggesting FS and CF mechanisms are potentially important to the ice production in convective clouds. 2) The modelled ice PSDs in strong updrafts between -7 °C and -10 °C are much broader than the observation. To interpret this difference, the freezing times of supercooled drops are calculated. The results indicate drop freezing is not instantaneous, and it is longer for large drops than for small drops. This offers a feasible explanation for the temperature-dependent ice size evolution in strong updrafts.
Download or read book Report of the National Science Board written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Science Board written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Patterns and Perspectives in Environmental Science written by National Science Board (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Global Change J Z written by Andrew Goudie and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference work concentrates upon both the natural and man-made changes to the world's environment. Containing over 300 original, signed articles by distinguished scholars and 1,500 illustrations it is the comprehensive encyclopedia for this multi-discipline, high profile field. Articles fall into the general categories of: concepts of global change, earth and earth systems, human factors, resources, responses to global change agreements and associations, biographies and case studies. The accessible and jargon-free language make it an excellent work for the professional scholar as well as the interested general reader and a detail network of cross references and blind entries will help readers at all levels.
Download or read book Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application VIII written by H. Van Dop and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1949, when the North Atlantic Treaty was ratified, one of its articles explicitly noted '1hat member countries should contribute towards the further development of peaceful and friendly international relations." Specific problems related to the human environment were addressed by the Committee of Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) of NATO, established in 1969. This provided a framework within which a series of International Technical Meetings (ITMs) on Air Pollution Modelling has been held. This volume documents the proceedings of the 18th meeting in this series. Science, like the arts and sports, provides an ideal vehicle for "developing peaceful and friendly international relations". National boundaries have never been barriers to the movement of air pollution, and fortunately this has also proved true of scientists studying the transport of air pollution. It is thus satisfying to record that since the mid-seventies it has been commonplace to find Eastern European scientists among attendees at the ITMs which have (in a very modest way) participated in a precursor to the process which has led to historical changes in Europe and which will undoubtedly lead to a tremendous increase in personal and intellectual exchange on a worldwide basis.
Download or read book Use of Geostationary satellite Cloud Vectors to Estimate Tropical Cyclone Intensity written by Carl O. Erickson and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Comparison of Infrared Imagery and Video Pictures in the Estimation of Daily Rainfall from Satellite Data written by Walton A. Follansbee and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Book catalog of the Library and Information Services Division written by Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
