Download or read book Contrasting Workplace Ostracism and Workplace Incivility Via Observer Reactions written by Meng Chen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Workplace ostracism and workplace incivility are similar constructs in that both are low-intensity negative behaviors at work yet with ambiguous intent to harm (Andersson & Pearson, 1999). Thus, it is not clear whether the two constructs should be considered the same or not. I argue that workplace ostracism can be differentiated from workplace incivility by examining observer reactions to workplace ostracism and workplace incivility. To contrast workplace ostracism with workplace incivility, I examine how observers of workplace ostracism and workplace incivility react to those who are directly involved in workplace ostracism and workplace incivility: the targets toward whom workplace ostracism and workplace incivility are directed, and the perpetrators who are the source of workplace ostracism and workplace incivility. I also examine observer reactions to those who are completely uninvolved in workplace ostracism and workplace incivility: unrelated others, or nonspecific others in the workplace with whom observers of workplace ostracism and workplace incivility may interact subsequently. In particular, first, drawing on an evolutionary and stigmatization framework, I argue that observers will react more negatively to the targets of workplace ostracism compared to the targets of workplace incivility. Second, as observers of workplace ostracism are less likely to perceive workplace ostracism as unjust, immoral and harmful, I argue that observers will react more positively to the perpetrators of workplace ostracism compared to the perpetrators of workplace incivility. Third, as workplace ostracism primes the need to belong in observers of workplace ostracism, I argue that observers of workplace ostracism will be motivated to conform toward the opinions of unrelated others and behave prosocially towards unrelated others at work. On the other hand, social learning theory, social information processing theory, and priming frameworks together suggest that observers of workplace incivility can learn from or be primed with uncivil thoughts after observing incivility, and thus are less likely to conform toward the opinions of unrelated others and behave prosocially towards unrelated others. Results from three studies generally supported these predictions. That is, observers of workplace ostracism and workplace incivility reacted differently to the target, perpetrators, and unrelated others: compared to observers of workplace incivility, observers of workplace ostracism were more likely to react negatively to the target and positively to the perpetrators (Study 1), and to conform (but not behave prosocially) to unrelated others (Study 3). However, findings of explanations for these effects were mixed: compared to workplace incivility, more stigmatization of the target did not explain observers more negative reactions to the target of workplace ostracism; and a greater need to belong did not mediate workplace ostracism observers conformity and prosocial behaviors toward unrelated others (Study 3). However, justice perceptions did explain observers more positive reactions to the perpetrators of workplace ostracism (Study 1), and supplemental analyses suggest less empathic concern toward the target may play a role in explaining observers more negative reactions to the target of workplace ostracism. Finally, findings regarding moderators of observer reactions were mixed: perceiving the target as an in-group or out-group member largely did not change observer reactions (Study 1), and target resistance did not change observer reactions (Study 2). In summary, by showing that observers of workplace ostracism and workplace incivility reacted differently to the target, perpetrators, and unrelated others, this study established that the two constructs have fundamental differences despite of their similarities and that workplace ostracism should be treated as a unique construct. As findings regarding mediating and moderating variables were mixed, this study also calls more future research to examine the underlying mechanisms and potential moderators of these observer reactions. Practical implications of the study were also discussed.

Download or read book Comparing and Contrasting Workplace Ostracism and Incivility written by D. Lance Ferris and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite their shared characteristics, the literatures on workplace ostracism and incivility have evolved in different directions. In this review, we discuss the similarities and differences in the conceptualizations of the two constructs and trace the different measures, histories, theories, and topics covered in the two literatures. Although small, we also review the subset of studies that have directly contrasted the effects of ostracism and incivility within the same study. Subsequently, we outline future research areas for both literatures, with a particular focus on research areas that may produce results that help further differentiate the two constructs.

Download or read book Workplace Ostracism written by Cong Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Workplace mistreatment is a burgeoning topic of interest, with the majority of workers having experienced it in some form. This book explores workplace ostracism and its negative effects on employee and organizational outcomes, such as employee attitudes, behaviors, and well-being. This edited volume defines workplace ostracism and examines how to differentiate ostracism from other type of workplace mistreatment, such as workplace incivility and interpersonal conflict. Among the questions it seeks to answer are: 1) what are the individual, relational, and contextual factors that influence employees’ workplace ostracism experiences; and 2) what constitutes ostracism in stigmatized populations, such as international students, immigrant workers, and older workers. Researchers in organizational behavior, I/O psychology, and the sociology of work will find this book to be a valuable resource.

Download or read book Mistreatment in Organizations written by Pamela L. Perrewé and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2015-06-02 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 13 of Research in Occupational Stress and Well Being is focused on mistreatment in organizations. Mistreatment can be damaging to the individual as well as to the organization. This volume includes critical topics on customer mistreatment, aggression in the workplace, incivility, and workplace ostracism.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Social Exclusion written by C. Nathan DeWall and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Social Exclusion offers the most comprehensive body of social exclusion research ever assembled, and addresses the fundamental questions on why people have a need to belong, why people exclude others, and how people respond to various forms of social exclusion.

Download or read book Research and Theory on Workplace Aggression written by Nathan A. Bowling and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Workplace aggression is a serious problem for workers and their employers. As such, an improved scientific understanding of workplace aggression has important implications. This volume, which includes chapters written by leading workplace aggression scholars, addresses three primary topics: the measurement, predictors and consequences of workplace aggression; the social context of workplace aggression; and the prevention of workplace aggression. Of note, the book encompasses the various labels used by researchers to refer to workplace aggression, such as 'abusive supervision', 'bullying', 'incivility' and 'interpersonal conflict'. This approach differs from those of previous books on the topic in that it does not focus on a particular type of workplace aggression, but covers an intentionally broad conceptualization of workplace aggression - specifically, it considers aggression from both the aggressors' and the targets' perspectives and includes behaviors enacted by several types of perpetrators, including supervisors, coworkers and customers.

Download or read book Counterproductive Work Behavior written by Suzy Fox and published by Amer Psychological Assn. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) encompasses a spectrum of actions that harm employees or organizations. These behaviors include bullying, emotional abuse, revenge, retaliation, mobbing, and aggression. This volume examines the conditions and events that contribute to CWB, as well as the steps organizations might take to combat it.

Download or read book Analyzing and Theorizing the Dynamics of the Workplace Incivility Crisis written by Michael Leiter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary worklife builds upon a foundation for teamwork among skilled and dedicated people. Despite the utility of supportive working relationships and despite extensive consulting activity on leadership and team building, employees complain extensively about mistreatment by their bosses and colleagues. Analyzing and Theorizing the Dynamics of the Workplace Incivility Crisis presents a theoretic framework for considering the fundamental issues of group dynamics and individual psychology that lie behind this ongoing workplace incivility crisis. It contextualizes the need for belonging as a motivation that shapes expressed social behaviour and intensifies received social behaviour. Looking at cognitive elements as well as rudeness rationales that pertain to workplace incivility and its justification, this work maps social constructs, including the role of team leadership, that lead to setting implicit social norms. In addition to formulating a theoretical framework, Analyzing and Theorizing the Dynamics of the Workplace Incivility Crisis considers methods to address the dynamics that perpetuate incivility at work and actively points at setting an action agenda to evaluate their impact.

Download or read book Sexual Harassment of Women written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-09-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few decades, research, activity, and funding has been devoted to improving the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine. In recent years the diversity of those participating in these fields, particularly the participation of women, has improved and there are significantly more women entering careers and studying science, engineering, and medicine than ever before. However, as women increasingly enter these fields they face biases and barriers and it is not surprising that sexual harassment is one of these barriers. Over thirty years the incidence of sexual harassment in different industries has held steady, yet now more women are in the workforce and in academia, and in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine (as students and faculty) and so more women are experiencing sexual harassment as they work and learn. Over the last several years, revelations of the sexual harassment experienced by women in the workplace and in academic settings have raised urgent questions about the specific impact of this discriminatory behavior on women and the extent to which it is limiting their careers. Sexual Harassment of Women explores the influence of sexual harassment in academia on the career advancement of women in the scientific, technical, and medical workforce. This report reviews the research on the extent to which women in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine are victimized by sexual harassment and examines the existing information on the extent to which sexual harassment in academia negatively impacts the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women pursuing scientific, engineering, technical, and medical careers. It also identifies and analyzes the policies, strategies and practices that have been the most successful in preventing and addressing sexual harassment in these settings.

Download or read book Concepts Approaches and Methods written by Premilla D'Cruz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-01-17 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume captures themes and debates around elucidating and studying workplace bullying, emotional abuse and harassment. The chapters presented here underscore the complexities and nuances of the phenomenon and showcase the various techniques relevant to and concerns associated with researching it. Debates abound as to what workplace bullying, emotional abuse and harassment is and what it is not, leading to a construct bind. Viewpoints are exchanged over how best to uncover the topic so as to ensure that recommendations for action are anchored in rigour. Section 1 portrays the gamut of variants that constitute workplace bullying, emotional abuse and harassment, such as interpersonal bullying, depersonalized bullying and cyberbullying, alongside theoretical underpinnings, contentious stances and contemporary contextual influences. Section 2 speaks to the challenges of studying a sensitive, multi-person, multi-level problematic, highlighting the possibilities offered by quantitative, qualitative and mixed paradigms. Advanced designs and innovative strategies that facilitate explanatory power, reliability and validity are put forward.

Download or read book Misbehavior in Organizations written by Yoav Vardi and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003-09-12 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Devoted to the study and management of misbehaviour in work organizations, this volume is divided into three parts. Part I discusses the prevalence of these phenomena; Part II explores important manifestations and antecedents; and Part III presents practical and methodological implications.

Download or read book Dignity and Inclusion at Work written by Premilla D'Cruz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The agenda of respectful workplaces is no more urgent than in the context of workplace bullying, emotional abuse and harassment. This becomes even more significant in the face of mistreatment linked to social identity and national culture. The chapters constituting Section 1 speak to the spectrum of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention undertaken within and beyond workplaces to tackle workplace bullying, emotional abuse and harassment. As well as organizational-related mechanisms, therapy, collective action and legislation are described. Normative angles, the challenges of actual practice and the contours of effectiveness are pinpointed. The increasing recognition of the conflation between category-based harassment and workplace bullying and the burgeoning cross-cultural lens of the substantive area are captured through the chapters of Section 2. Identities revolving around gender, sexuality, disability, caste and ethnicity serve as markers for mistreatment, underpinning the need to explore the dynamics of these situations in terms of causes, manifestations and consequences. Variations in the unfolding of negative acts due to cultural influences have been found, emphasizing that though misbehaviour is universal, it has country-specific characteristics.

Download or read book Antisocial Behavior in Organizations written by Robert A. Giacalone and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1997 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This intriguing new volume provides an understanding of the various forms of antisocial behavior in the workplace and how they can be identified and managed--if not prevented altogether. Antisocial Behavior in Organizations includes analysis of the role of frustration in antisocial behavior, and discusses issues such as employee revenge, aggression, lying, theft, and sabotage. Whistle blowing, litigation, and claiming are also explored as types of behavior that may be considered antisocial even though their stated goal is perhaps prosocial. The book concludes by making connections between antisocial behavior and organizational climate--addressing the need for modification in the workplace to reduce antisocial behavior. Academics, students, and practitioners in the fields of management, industrial/organizational psychology, sociology, social psychology, legal studies and criminal justice will appreciate this collection of original essays written by well-respected experts.

Download or read book World Report on Violence and Health written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is part of WHO's response to the 49th World Health Assembly held in 1996 which adopted a resolution declaring violence a major and growing public health problem across the world. It is aimed largely at researchers and practitioners including health care workers, social workers, educators and law enforcement officials.

Download or read book The Self at Work written by D. Lance Ferris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Self at Work brings researchers in industrial and organizational psychology and organizational behavior together with researchers in social and personality psychology to explore how the self impacts the workplace. Covering topics such as self-efficacy, self-esteem, self-control, power, and identification, each chapter examines how research on the self informs and furthers understanding of organizational topics such as employee engagement, feedback-seeking, and leadership. With their combined expertise, the chapter authors consider how research on the self has influenced management research and practice (and vice-versa), limitations of applying social psychology research in the organizational realm, and future directions for organizational research on the self. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, graduate students, and professionals who are interested in how research on the self can inform industrial/organizational psychology.

Download or read book Social Empathy written by Elizabeth A. Segal and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our ability to understand others and help others understand us is essential to our individual and collective well-being. Yet there are many barriers that keep us from walking in the shoes of others: fear, skepticism, and power structures that separate us from those outside our narrow groups. To progress in a multicultural world and ensure our common good, we need to overcome these obstacles. Our best hope can be found in the skill of empathy. In Social Empathy, Elizabeth A. Segal explains how we can develop our ability to understand one another and have compassion toward different social groups. When we are socially empathic, we not only imagine what it is like to be another person, but we consider their social, economic, and political circumstances and what shaped them. Segal explains the evolutionary and learned components of interpersonal and social empathy, including neurobiological factors and the role of social structures. Ultimately, empathy is not only a part of interpersonal relations: it is fundamental to interactions between different social groups and can be a way to bridge diverse people and communities. A clear and useful explanation of an often misunderstood concept, Social Empathy brings together sociology, psychology, social work, and cognitive neuroscience to illustrate how to become better advocates for justice.

Download or read book Presumed Incompetent written by Gabriella Gutiérrez y Muhs and published by University Press of Colorado. This book was released on 2012-06-15 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presumed Incompetent is a pathbreaking account of the intersecting roles of race, gender, and class in the working lives of women faculty of color. Through personal narratives and qualitative empirical studies, more than 40 authors expose the daunting challenges faced by academic women of color as they navigate the often hostile terrain of higher education, including hiring, promotion, tenure, and relations with students, colleagues, and administrators. The narratives are filled with wit, wisdom, and concrete recommendations, and provide a window into the struggles of professional women in a racially stratified but increasingly multicultural America.