Download or read book Construction and utilization of digital twins for personalized therapeutic predictions written by Samuel Schäfer and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2024-10-18 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern healthcare faces a significant challenge, namely that 25-70% of patients with common diseases do not benefit from standard treatments despite the availability of over 13,000 drugs registered in DrugBank. This discrepancy is likely due to these diseases' complex and heterogeneous molecular nature rather than a lack of therapeutic options. Emerging technologies have revealed the immense molecular complexity underlying common diseases. For instance, singlecell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has demonstrated altered gene interactions in and across multiple cell types in numerous tissues. Furthermore, these technologies have revealed vast molecular differences between patients with the same diagnosis. There is a wide gap between this complexity and the current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Aim: To bring personalized medicine one step closer to the clinic; this thesis focuses on developing digital disease models that can capture the molecular biological complexity of disease in individual patients. We aim to harness these disease models to identify optimal treatments for each individual patient. Paper I: We started by exploring the usefulness of OMIC-based approaches for diagnostic and therapeutic predictions. Utilizing a single-cell RNA-sequenced mouse model of antigen-induced arthritis, we aimed to prioritize cell types and therapeutic targets. Initial pathway enrichment analyses did not yield relevant prioritization, prompting an investigation into network-based approaches. Multi-cellular disease models (MCDMs) for AIA and human rheumatoid arthritis were constructed, incorporating predicted cell type interactions. Centrality analysis indicated that these interactions could quantify a cell type’s relative importance in disease pathogenesis. We hypothesized that transcriptomic alterations in central cell types might reflect the MCDM, serving as potential diagnostic markers. An analysis of CD4+ T cells from patients with 13 different inflammatory diseases and healthy controls demonstrated that these profiles could discriminate between healthy and diseased states and among diseases. Furthermore, a network-based approach identified drugs targeting disease- associated changes common to multiple inflammatory diseases. Notably, one of these drugs, bezafibrate, successfully dampened inflammation in the AIA mouse model. Paper II: Building on the insights from Paper I, we investigated multicellular network models (MNMs) with time as an additional dimension. Using seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) as a disease model, we analyzed time-series scRNAseq data to construct MNMs of inflammatory diseases. We identified thousands of disease-associated expression changes across multiple cell types, varying at different disease stages. Notably, upstream regulators (URs) of these changes were also stage-dependent and multidirectional. To prioritize URs for drug discovery, we focused on those causing significant expression changes in multiple cell types across all time points. This strategy was validated through similar analyses of atopic dermatitis, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn’s disease, confirming that ranked URs aligned with the efficacy of existing drugs targeting the URs in the respective diseases. Furthermore, experimental validation included targeting the top-ranked regulatory gene in SAR, which was more effective than previously discovered IL4 inhibition. Paper III: While Paper I established the use of transcriptomic data for therapeutic predictions, it focused on overlapping disease-related changes across multiple inflammatory diseases and considered transcriptomic changes in only one cell type. Paper II indicated a potential benefit in UR prioritization in numerous cell types. However, it yielded heterogeneous results and was limited by the fact that few drugs directly target URs. Neither of these approaches was feasible for individualized drug predictions. Drawing on previous insights by us and others, we next aimed to develop digital disease models for individual patients, termed digital twins, with the capability for drug efficacy screening. We proposed scDrugPrio, a strategy utilizing single-cell scRNA-sequencing-based multicellular disease models incorporating key biological and pharmacological properties, such as varying gene expression levels, varying gene interactions within and between cell types, and drug effect. scDrugPrio was constructed based on a mouse model of arthritis and validated by improved precision/recall for known drugs and in vitro studies of predicted drugs that were FDA approved for other diseases and had not yet been tried in rheumatoid arthritis or mouse arthritis. For validation, scDrugPrio was applied to human multiple sclerosis as well as Crohn’s disease data that included tissue samples from healthy and sick tissue of all patients; scDrugPrio was able to identify relevant treatments for individual patients and could distinguish anti-TNF responders from non-responders. Conclusion: This thesis demonstrates a framework for constructing digital disease models for personalized therapeutic predictions that might hold potential for better clinical treatment decisions. By leveraging advanced genome-wide analyses and network-based approaches, we may enhance the precision and efficacy of treatments for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, bringing personalized medicine closer to clinical reality.

Download or read book Digital Transformation in Healthcare 5 0 written by Rishabha Malviya and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2024-05-20 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book "Digital Transformation in Healthcare 5.0: Metaverse, Nanorobots, and Machine Learning" is a comprehensive discussion of disruptive technologies and their applications in healthcare. The book starts with an overview of blockchain technology's impact on the healthcare sector, emphasizing its potential to improve data security and interoperability. The book also discusses the Metaverse's role in healthcare transformation, utilizing a blockchain method to improve patient care and medical practices. The book also focuses on the interrelationships of Blockchain-Enabled Metaverse Healthcare Systems and Applications, highlighting innovative strategies. It also introduces an Intraocular Pressure Monitoring System for Glaucoma Patients, demonstrating the integration of IoT and Machine Learning for improved care. The book winds up with a Machine Learning Approach to Voice Analysis in Parkinson's disease Diagnosis, demonstrating the potential of voice analysis as a non-invasive diagnostic tool.

Download or read book Deep Sciences for Computing and Communications written by Annie Uthra R. and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Exploring the Advancements and Future Directions of Digital Twins in Healthcare 6 0 written by Dubey, Archi and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-07-18 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The healthcare industry is increasingly complex, demanding personalized treatments and efficient operational processes. Traditional research methods need help to keep pace with these demands, often leading to inefficiencies and suboptimal outcomes. Integrating digital twin technology presents a promising solution to these challenges, offering a virtual platform for modeling and simulating complex healthcare scenarios. However, the full potential of digital twins still needs to be explored mainly due to a lack of comprehensive guidance and practical insights for researchers and practitioners. Exploring the Advancements and Future Directions of Digital Twins in Healthcare 6.0 is not just a theoretical exploration. It is a practical guide that bridges the gap between theory and practice, offering real-world case studies, best practices, and insights into personalized medicine, real-time patient monitoring, and healthcare process optimization. By equipping you with the knowledge and tools needed to effectively integrate digital twins into your healthcare research and operations, this book is a valuable resource for researchers, academicians, medical practitioners, scientists, and students.

Download or read book Harnessing AI and Digital Twin Technologies in Businesses written by Ponnusamy, Sivaram and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-07-26 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital twin technology presents a problem and an unparalleled opportunity for transformation. Businesses grapple with the need for operational excellence, innovation, and a competitive edge, all while navigating the intricate web of data analytics, decision-making, and real-time monitoring. In response to these challenges, Harnessing AI and Digital Twin Technologies in Businesses emerges as an example of insight and guidance, offering a comprehensive exploration of the complementary connection between AI and digital twin technology. In a world where the convergence of these powerful tools transforms business intelligence, enabling initiative-taking decision-making and dynamic simulations. This book serves as a solution for decision-makers, technologists, and researchers seeking to not only understand but harness the potential of AI-powered digital twins to enhance productivity, creativity, and judgment in their operations.

Download or read book Innovative Treatment Strategies for Clinical Electrophysiology written by Tomasz Jadczyk and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-06 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the advancements in different fields of clinical electrophysiology and gives the reader a good background of the established practices. To tackle such a wide topic, the book focuses on two main aspects: ablation and pacing, discussing the novel energy sources and approaches to rhythm restoration and control; devices and signal processing, highlighting the new available technologies and numerical approaches aiding practice and home medicine. It also presents the reader with selected strategies that could be a paradigm shifts for the field: in situ cell reprogramming, exploiting the newly founded achievements in epigenetic modification of somatic cells; artificial intelligence; cardiac digital twinning, which aims to collect the information from imaging, mechanics and electrophysiology and condense it into a patient-specific model for personalized treatment.

Download or read book Emerging Computer Technologies 2 written by Ömer Aydın and published by İzmir Akademi Derneği. This book was released on 2022-12-31 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is rapid development and change in the field of computer science today. These affect all areas of life. Emerging topics in computer science are covered in this book. In the first chapter, a specific IoT application called a smart mailbox with face recognition, which uses cellular connectivity and image processing to securely deliver valuable documents. The prototype for this system includes a fingerprint reader, camera, electromagnetic lock, and various other components connected to an Arduino Uno and a Raspberry Pi, and uses OpenCV and Python software for face detection and recognition. In the second chapter, authors compares and evaluates the main characteristics of 5G channels and the performance of two channel coding candidates, low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and polar codes. The analysis considers block error rate, bit error rate, computational complexity, and flexibility, and finds that polar codes outperform LDPC code systems, though LDPC is still a viable option compared to other code systems. The third chapter focuses on how to reliably process and store DNA sequences in EHR systems without any modifications. To achieve this, the authors introduce a coding technique and evaluate its effectiveness using the Hamming code and Reed-Solomon coding schemes on a sample data set. The results show that the Reed-Solomon coding scheme outperforms the Hamming code in terms of error detection and correction for securely processing DNA records to EHR systems. The next chapter investigates the robustness of AI models trained on thyroid ultrasound images using different convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures (VGG19, Xception, ResNet50V2, and EfficientNetB2) against adversarial attacks using the fast gradient sign method (FGSM), basic iterative method (BIM), and projected gradient descent (PGD) techniques. In the fifth chapter, it was questioned whether artificial intelligence could write an academic article. In this direction, an academic article was created and evaluated by OpenAI ChatGPT. The final chapter proposes an application to measure RF signal intensities in urban areas and use that information to estimate the amount of energy that can be harvested from these signals. This information is then presented to users through a geographical information system.

Download or read book Society 5 0 and Next Generation Healthcare written by Zodwa Dlamini and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-08 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the ability of technological advancements to represent, enhance, and empower multidisciplinarity in the context of Society 5.0. and next generation medicine. New technologies allow patients to communicate with medical personnel anytime, anywhere and shape the terrain of healthcare ecosystem at an unprecedented rate. Five main trends become apparent in this process: Hybrid care models combining virtual and in-person services, digitization of healthcare specialties, increased Artificial intelligence (AI) adoption, health systems moving to the cloud and advanced precision medicine. In its chapters the book dissects the important roles for technologies in areas such as digital twinning, big data, Internet of Things, AI, cyber-physical systems, blockchain technology to lead the healthcare digitalization envisioned in Society 5.0. Throughout the book the authors discuss how to incorporate these new technologies legally, ethically, safely, and securely and in keeping with the highest standards of human rights. It also advocates for the need for careful oversight and mindful allocation of resources and energy for sustainable development. This book, written by experts in the field from academia and industry, will appeal to researchers, healthcare professionals, policy makers, teachers and students interested in the ways healthcare is reorganized based on digital transformation efforts and the rethinking of care, including technologies.

Download or read book ELSI in Human Enhancement What Distinguishes it from Therapy written by Dov Greenbaum and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Digital Twins and Healthcare Trends Techniques and Challenges written by Gaur, Loveleen and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-11-25 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The healthcare industry is starting to adopt digital twins to improve personalized medicine, healthcare organization performance, and new medicine and devices. These digital twins can create useful models based on information from wearable devices, omics, and patient records to connect the dots across processes that span patients, doctors, and healthcare organizations as well as drug and device manufacturers. Digital twins are digital representations of human physiology built on computer models. The use of digital twins in healthcare is revolutionizing clinical processes and hospital management by enhancing medical care with digital tracking and advancing modelling of the human body. These tools are of great help to researchers in studying diseases, new drugs, and medical devices. Digital Twins and Healthcare: Trends, Techniques, and Challenges facilitates the advancement and knowledge dissemination in methodologies and applications of digital twins in the healthcare and medicine fields. This book raises interest and awareness of the uses of digital twins in healthcare in the research community. Covering topics such as deep neural network, edge computing, and transfer learning method, this premier reference source is an essential resource for hospital administrators, pharmacists, medical professionals, IT consultants, students and educators of higher education, librarians, and researchers.

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence Enabled Blockchain Technology and Digital Twin for Smart Hospitals written by Amit Kumar Tyagi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-09-11 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book uniquely explores the fundamentals of blockchain and digital twin and their uses in smart hospitals. Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Blockchain Technology and Digital Twin for Smart Hospitals provides fundamental information on blockchain and digital twin technology as effective solutions in smart hospitals. Digital twin technology enables the creation of real-time virtual replicas of hospital assets and patients, enhancing predictive maintenance, operational efficiency, and patient care. Blockchain technology provides a secure and transparent platform for managing and sharing sensitive data, such as medical records and pharmaceutical supply chains. By combining these technologies, smart hospitals can ensure data security, interoperability, and streamlined operations while providing patient-centered care. The book also explores the impact of collected medical data from real-time systems in smart hospitals, and by making it accessible to all doctors via a smartphone or mobile device for fast decisions. Inevitable challenges such as privacy concerns and integration costs must, of course, be addressed. However, the potential benefits in terms of improved healthcare quality, reduced costs, and global health initiatives makes the integration of these technologies a compelling avenue for the future of healthcare. Some of the topics that readers will find in this book include: Wireless Medical Sensor Networks in Smart Hospitals ● DNA Computing in Cryptography ● Enhancing Diabetic Retinopathy and Glaucoma Diagnosis through Efficient Retinal Vessel Segmentation and Disease Classification ● Machine Learning-Enabled Digital Twins for Diagnostic And Therapeutic Purposes ● Blockchain as the Backbone of a Connected Ecosystem of Smart Hospitals ● Blockchain for Edge Association in Digital Twin Empowered 6G Networks ● Blockchain for Security and Privacy in Smart Healthcare ● Blockchain-Enabled Internet of Things (IoTs) Platforms for IoT-Based Healthcare and Biomedical Sector ● Electronic Health Records in a Blockchain ● PSO-Based Hybrid Cardiovascular Disease Prediction for Using Artificial Flora Algorithm ● AI and Transfer Learning Based Framework for Efficient Classification And Detection Of Lyme Disease ● Framework for Gender Detection Using Facial Countenances ● Smartphone-Based Sensors for Biomedical Applications ● Blockchain for Improving Security and Privacy in the Smart Sensor Network ● Sensors and Digital Twin Application in Healthcare Facilities Management ● Integration of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) with Blockchain Technology to Improve Security and Privacy ● Machine Learning-Driven Digital Twins for Precise Brain Tumor and Breast Cancer Assessment ● Ethical and Technological Convergence: AI and Blockchain in Halal Healthcare ● Digital Twin Application in Healthcare Facilities Management ● Cloud-based Digital Twinning for Structural Health Monitoring Using Deep Learning. Audience The book will be read by hospital and healthcare providers, administrators, policymakers, scientists and engineers in artificial intelligence, information technology, electronics engineering, and related disciplines.

Download or read book Social Innovation in Long Term Care Through Digitalization written by Massimo Conti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-30 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers extended contributions to the workshop on Long-Term Digital Care, LTC-2021, organized by the Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), Ancona, Italy, and the Hochschule Konstanz (HTWG), Germany, in November 2021, and funded by the DAAD Joint Mobility Program. It covers innovative, practice-oriented approaches that are expected to foster digital health care, with a special focus on improving internationalization and accessibility. The book, which bridges between technological and social disciplines, reports on selected studies with the main goals of: establishing a comparison of Long-Term Digital Care approaches, with focus on exchange and networking processes; defining practical roadmaps for digital social innovation; establishing concepts and methods for process evaluation and sustainability. It offers a timely snapshot on technologies for patient monitoring and assistant systems, medical data analysis and image processing, digital platforms and advanced diagnostics techniques, and discusses important concepts relating to traceable process evaluation, networking and accessibility. It aims at informing, yet it is also intended to inspire and foster a stronger collaboration across disciplines, countries, as well as academic and professional institutions.

Download or read book Digital Twins for Digital Transformation Innovation in Industry written by Aboul Ella Hassanien and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-21 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to present dominant applications and use cases of the fast-evolving DT and determines vital Industry 4.0 technologies for building DT that can provide solutions for fighting local and globalmedical emergencies during pandemics. Moreover, it discusses a new framework integrating DT and blockchain technology to provide a more efficient and effective preventive conservation in different applications.

Download or read book Metaverse Technologies in Healthcare written by Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-07-11 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metaverse Technologies in Healthcare focuses on data analysis, utilizing the possibilities of data to increase the effectiveness of healthcare organizations. As healthcare services aim to maintain the physical, mental, social and emotional well-being of human lives while the Metaverse is a blend of technological trends- Artificial Intelligence (AI), Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR), collectively, they can deliver treatments and medicines, lower costs, and substantially enhance patient outcomes. The book redefines the digital health experience and describes the advantages of the Metaverse-based NFT technology in the healthcare sector, facilitating NFT avatars to interact with targeted audiences, and more. - Shows the potential of digital experiences on the healthcare sector - Focuses on the leading channels fueling the digital health space, such as Telemedicine, Digital Twins, Block chain, Internet of Things, and Robotics, providing new directions in this sector - Provides guidance to healthcare companies on how to augment their Digital Roadmaps with personalized care

Download or read book Key Technologies for On Demand 6G Network Services written by Jianxin Liao and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book AI and Big Data in Cardiology written by Nicolas Duchateau and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-04 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed technical overview of the use and applications of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and big data in cardiology. Recent technological advancements in these fields mean that there is significant gain to be had in applying these methodologies into day-to-day clinical practice. Chapters feature detailed technical reviews and highlight key current challenges and limitations, along with the available techniques to address them for each topic covered. Sample data sets are also included to provide hands-on tutorials for readers using Python-based Jupyter notebooks, and are based upon real-world examples to ensure the reader can develop their confidence in applying these techniques to solve everyday clinical problems. Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in Cardiology systematically describes and technically reviews the latest applications of AI and big data within cardiology. It is ideal for use by the trainee and practicing cardiologist and informatician seeking an up-to-date resource on the topic with which to aid them in developing a thorough understanding of both basic concepts and recent advances in the field.

Download or read book Digital Twin and Blockchain for Smart Cities written by Amit Kumar Tyagi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-10-15 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book uniquely explores the fundamentals of blockchain and digital twin technologies and their uses in smart cities. In the previous decade, many governments explored artificial intelligence, digital twin, and blockchain, and their roles in smart cities. This book discusses the convergence of two transformative technologies, digital twin and blockchain, to address urban challenges and propel the development of smarter, more sustainable cities. This convergence empowers cities to create real-time replicas of urban environments (digital twins) and secure, transparent data management (blockchain) to improve city planning, management, and civic services. In this application, the concept of a digital twin involves creating a virtual, data-driven replica of a city or specific urban systems, such as transportation, energy, or infrastructure. This digital twin mirrors the real world, gathering data from various sensors, IoT devices, and other sources to provide a holistic view of the city’s operations. Furthermore, blockchain technology offers a decentralized and tamper-resistant ledger for securely storing and managing data. In the context of smart cities, blockchain can ensure data integrity, privacy, and transparency, enabling trust and collaboration among various stakeholders. This book covers many important topics, including real-time city modeling; data security and the trustworthy storage of sensitive urban data; transparent governance to facilitate accountable governance and decision-making processes in smart cities; improved city services; disaster resilience (by providing insights into vulnerabilities and efficient resource allocation during crises); sustainable urban planning that optimizes resource allocation, reduces energy consumption, and minimizes environmental impact, which fosters sustainable development; citizen engagement; and much more. This book will not only provide information about more efficient, resilient, and sustainable urban environments, but it also empowers citizens to be active participants in shaping the future of their cities. By converging these technologies, cities can overcome existing challenges, encourage innovation, and create more livable, connected, and responsive urban spaces. Audience This book has a wide audience in computer science, artificial intelligence, and information technology as well as engineers in a variety of industrial manufacturing industries. It will also appeal to economists and government/city policymakers working on smart cities, the circular economy, clean tech investors, urban decision-makers, and environmental professionals.