Download or read book Connecting to Economic Opportunity The Role of Public Transport in Promoting Women s Employment in Lima written by Daniel Martinez and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limited access to safe transportation is one of the greatest challenges to labor force participation faced by women in developing countries. This paper quantifies the causal impacts of improved urban transport systems in women ́s employment outcomes, looking at Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and elevated light rail investments in the metropolitan region of Lima, Perú. We find large gains in employment and earnings per hour among women, and not for men, due to these investments. Most of the gains arise on the extensive margin, with more women being employed, but employment does not appear to be of higher quality than that for comparison groups.We find also evidence of an increase in the use of public transport. Results are robust to alternative specifications and we do not find evidence that they are driven by neighborhood composition changes. Overall, these findings suggest that infrastructure investments that make it more convenient and safer for women to use public transport can generate important labor market impacts for women who reside in the area of influence of the improved infrastructure.
Download or read book Gender Equality at Work Gender Equality in Peru Towards a Better Sharing of Paid and Unpaid Work written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2022-06-23 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD review of Gender Equality in Peru: Towards a Better Sharing of Paid and Unpaid Work is the second of a series focusing on Latin American and the Caribbean countries. It compares gender gaps in labour and educational outcomes in Peru with other countries.
Download or read book Mapping Legalities written by Thomas Coggin and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-07-19 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book maps the interactions between informal workers and the law within the urban and spatial environment. It focuses on access to physical space, revealing the punitive ways in which globally law regulates space and informal work which relies on space. Across various cities worldwide, the chapters in this book uncover how informal workers remain at the policy and legal margins of urban society and reveal their ongoing endeavour for social and legal protection within local jurisdictional contexts. It spans multiple themes, ranging from street vending to informal work in the gig economy. They shed light on the collective influence of the law and the pursuit of a modern city in contributing to the marginalisation of informal workers. Despite this, the chapters illuminate the strategies employed by informal workers to leverage the law in acknowledging their contributions and asserting their presence in the city. The book is targeted towards an academic audience and practitioners specialising in law, urban studies, and the informal economy. The reader will gain an in-depth and cross-jurisdictional understanding of the indispensable role played by informal workers in providing services to a broader urban population, ranging from street vendors to sanitation workers and sex workers.
Download or read book Mapping Southern Routes of Migrant Women written by Sondra Cuban and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whereas most migration research still focuses on South to North migration, this book shines a light on mobilities within the Global South. Using migration to and within Chile as a case study, the book looks at the experiences of women, who make up a large proportion of migrants within Latin America. Mapping the experiences, aspirations and struggles of women moving to and in Chile, the book exposes the unexpected issues encountered by migrant women in their new destination country, particularly the discrimination that leaves them feeling invisible, unsettled, and, immobile. Within the region there is a long history of feminized migration and domestic labour circuits that spurs migrants’ residential movements but slows their social progress. Yet despite these challenges, the migrant women expressed their agency through the support networks they created among their compatriots and their transnational families. Overall, the book demonstrates the growing migrant populations that exist within the Global South and the impact of domestic and care labour markets in driving gendered migration in particular. This book will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in the fields of mobilities and migration, cultural geography, international development, and gender studies, especially those with an interest in Latin America.
Download or read book Sellers Servants written by Ximena Bunster and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 1985 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social research survey of working conditions and living conditions among low income woman workers (domestic workers and street vendors) in Lima, Peru - based on interviews, discusses informal sector and other employment opportunities for working mothers following rural migration; considers the economic conditions and time budget of female headed households; examines attitudes regarding child labour and the social implications of the sexual division of labour. Photographs, references, statistical tables.
Download or read book Ten Thousand Steps in Her Shoes written by Muneeza Alam and published by . This book was released on 2024-06-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Middle East and North Africa (MNA) region, women's university enrollment surpasses men's, yet their labor force participation (LFP) rate remains low and stagnant. What is preventing the women of MNA from translating their educational achievements into economic productivity? Is it a matter of personal preference, structural barriers, or both? This report sheds light on one of the structural barriers that may be preventing women from participating in the labor force--the public transport system. It focuses on the cities of Amman (Jordan), Beirut (Lebanon), and Cairo (Egypt) and uses primary data collected in 2022. The sources of the data are public transit mapping, built environment (safety) audits of public transit stops, public transport users' surveys, and household surveys. It finds that across all three cities, as compared to women, men are: (a) more mobile, (b) rely more on private vehicles, and (c) are more likely to hold driving licenses. In contrast, women are more dependent on male household members, taxis, or public transportation to meet their mobility needs. It identifies the challenges that women face when using public transit--these challenges differ by city. The main ones relate to uncomfortable and lengthy trips in Amman; road safety, costly and uncomfortable trips in Beirut; and lengthy and costly trips in Cairo. A large share of women expresses a" latent desire" to work but face transport related barriers. In each city, a large number of the interviewed non-working women state that the lack of affordable, comfortable, safe, time-efficient and reliable transport options is preventing them from looking for work. This corresponds to three in five women in Amman, one in two in Beirut, and two in five in Cairo. Statistical analysis confirms this by showing that a well-functioning public transport is crucial for enhancing women's LFP. Taken together, the findings of the report demonstrate that public transport affordability and accessibility are issues that are common to all three cities and need to be addressed. In addition, tailored concrete actions are needed in each city as explained in the report.
Download or read book A Research Project to Determine and Test the Relationship Between a Public Transportation System and Job and Other Opportunities of Low Income Groups written by Transportation-Employment Project (Calif.) and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Best Practices in Freight Planning written by Jessica Guo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Development and Urban Women s Work written by Alison MacEwen Scott and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transportation employment Project a Research Project to Determine and Test the Relationship Between a Public Transportation System and Job and Other Opportunities of Low Income Groups written by California. Business and Transportation Agency and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Urban Rail Development Handbook written by Daniel Pulido and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cities across the globe are looking to develop affordable, environmentally friendly, and socially responsible transportation solutions that can meet the accessibility needs of expanding metropolitan populations and support future economic and urban development. When appropriately planned and properly implemented as part of a larger public transportation network, urban rail systems can provide rapid mobility and vital access to city centers from surrounding districts. High-performing urban rail services, when carefully approached as development projects, can help enhance quality of life by giving citizens access to employment opportunities, essential services, urban amenities, and neighboring communities. The purpose of this Handbook is to synthesize and disseminate knowledge to inform the planning, implementation, and operations of urban rail projects with a view towards: -- Emphasizing the need for early studies and project planning; -- Making projects more sustainable (economically, socially, and environmentally); -- Improving socioeconomic returns and access to opportunities for users; -- Maximizing the value of private participation, where appropriate; and -- Building capacity within project implementing and managing institutions This Handbook provides experiential advice to tackle the technical, institutional, and financial challenges faced by decision makers considering urban rail projects. It brings together the expertise of World Bank staff and the input of numerous specialists to synthesize international 'good practices' and recommendations that are independent of commercial, financial political, or other interests. The material presented is intended as an honest-broker guide to maximize the impact and manage the challenges of urban rail systems in cities in both developed and developing countries. Rather than identify a single approach, this Handbook acknowledges the complexities and context necessary when approaching an urban rail development by helping to prepare decision makers to ask the right questions, consider the key issues, perform the necessary studies, apply adequate tools, and learn from international good practice all at the right time in the project development process.
Download or read book Breaking Out of the Pink Collar Ghetto written by Sharon H. Mastracci and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widely interdisciplinary in appeal, this book reports on the successes of innovative training opportunities for non-college women who end up in low-paying, low-mobility, pink-collar jobs. The author examines the relative effectiveness of various programs in helping these women gain access to high-wage, high-mobility employment opportunities. The analysis includes case studies of grant-funded projects, as well as in-depth statistical analysis using ten years of data on women throughout the United States. These types of education and training options are in tremendous demand, and the author finds that they are having a powerful impact on the job prospects of non-college women. As an integral part of her study, she spells out what kinds of programs have proven most and least effective. Breaking Out of the Pink-Collar Ghetto addresses vital issues concerning the effects of gender segregation in career counseling and employment and training policy. It provides much-needed guidance on employment and training services delivery. The book has wide application for students as well as professionals in the fields of public policy and public administration, educational counseling and vocational education, labor economics, and women's studies.
Download or read book Lima Urban Transport written by Bernardo Alvim and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The implementation of metro line 2, now under way, will provide a modern, 35 kilometer mass transit axis linking major population and job centers in Lima, the capital of Peru, with Callao to the west, the country's chief seaport and international airport. Integrated with the Lima-Callao region's existing public transport network, line 2 will create a major corridor that will improve the accessibility of jobs, services, and markets for 2.3 million people and provide a backbone for more efficient urban development. Beyond the investment loan, this co-financed project is an outgrowth of a long term metropolitan transport strategy and multifaceted engagement that is aligned with the World Bank's goals of reducing poverty and boosting shared prosperity through sustainable development. It will give a boost to the competitiveness of the entire Lima-Callao Metropolitan Region, which has a population of more than 9 million and constitutes more than one-third of the national economy.
Download or read book Constraints to Women s Use of Public Transport in Developing Countries Part I written by Girija Borker and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief, the first in a two-part series, provides an overview of the evidence on key features of women's travel behavior and the barriers they face in accessing public transport in developing countries, including affordability, frequency, coverage, and comfort. Women make more frequent, shorter trips with more stops along the way to combine multiple tasks. In contrast, men follow direct and linear routes. These patterns have important implications. As this brief shows, the cost and frequency of public transport affect women more than men, and given women's income constraints, create trade-offs between travel and other economic opportunities. This brief also highlights how the current design of public transport does not accommodate the unique needs of women. Notably, coverage issues such as a poorly connected network, including last mile problems, limit women's use of public transport and increase their reliance on private and informal modes of transport. Infrastructure design does not prioritize women's comfort. Understanding the evidence on the challenges faced by women is a first step in identifying policies and interventions that could improve women's accessibility.
Download or read book Balancing the Load written by Priyanthi Fernando and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work draws together research from 15 countries across Asia and Africa to promote understanding of how gender affects access to transport. It looks at what steps can be taken at community, provider and policy levels to improve the situation.
Download or read book A Research Project to Determine and Test the Relationship Between a Public Transportation System and Job and Other Opportunities of Low Income Groups written by California. Business and Transportation Agency and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Taken For A Ride written by Matteo Rizzo and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-19 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does public transport work in an African city under neoliberalism? Who owns what in it? Who has the power to influence its shape and changes in it over time? What does it mean to be a precarious and informal worker in the private minibuses that provide public transport in Dar es Salaam? These are the main questions that inform this in-depth case study of Dar es Salaam's public transport system over more than forty years. The growth of cities and informal economies are two central manifestations of globalization in the developing world. Taken for a Ride addresses both, drawing on long-term fieldwork in Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) and charting its public transport system's journey from public to private provision. This new addition to the Critical Frontiers of Theory, Research and Practice in International Development Studies series investigates this shift alongside the increasing deregulation of the sector and the resulting chaotic modality of public transport. It reviews state attempts to regain control over public transport and documents how informal wage relations prevailed in the sector. The changing political attitude of workers towards employers and the state is investigated: from an initial incapacity to respond to exploitation, to the political organisation and unionisation which won workers concessions on labour rights. A longitudinal study of workers throws light on patterns of occupational mobility in the sector, and the political and economic interests that shaped the introduction of Bus Rapid Transit in Dar es Salaam, and local resistance to it are analysed. Taken for a Ride reveals the political economy of public transport, exposing the limitations of market fundamentalist and post-colonial scholarship on economic informality, the urban experience in developing countries, and the failure to locate the agency of the urban poor within their economic and political structures. It is both a contribution and a call for the contextualised study of 'actually existing neoliberalism'.
