Download or read book Conferencia Tripartita de Berlin written by and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conferencia tripartita de Berl n written by United States. Department of State. Central Translating Office and published by . This book was released on 1945* with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Free University Berlin written by Gabriel Feld and published by Exemplary Projects. This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Berlin Free University is an imagination of what a building might be - a building designed to function as a piece of the city, adapting to the needs of its users while generating opportunities for social interaction. The university offers a window onto the politicized and optimistic discourse of the Sixties and Seventies, but at the same time illuminates contemporary debates around large projects of infrastructure and public space. This extensive study of the building combines texts with a visual survey containing specifically commissioned photographs as well as archive material, plans and construction details.
Download or read book Cumulative Title Index to United States Public Documents 1789 1976 written by Daniel W. Lester and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Path to the Berlin Wall written by Manfred Wilke and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long path to the Berlin Wall began in 1945, when Josef Stalin instructed the Communist Party to take power in the Soviet occupation zone while the three Western allies secured their areas of influence. When Germany was split into separate states in 1949, Berlin remained divided into four sectors, with West Berlin surrounded by the GDR but lingering as a captivating showcase for Western values and goods. Following a failed Soviet attempt to expel the allies from West Berlin with a blockade in 1948–49, a second crisis ensued from 1958–61, during which the Soviet Union demanded once and for all the withdrawal of the Western powers and the transition of West Berlin to a “Free City.” Ultimately Nikita Khrushchev decided to close the border in hopes of halting the overwhelming exodus of East Germans into the West. Tracing this path from a German perspective, Manfred Wilke draws on recently published conversations between Khrushchev and Walter Ulbricht, head of the East German state, in order to reconstruct the coordination process between these two leaders and the events that led to building the Berlin Wall.
Download or read book The Allies and the German Problem 1941 1949 written by Andrew Szanajda and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-05 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Allies and the German Problem, 1941-1949 examines Allied policymaking during the Second World War and the military occupation of postwar Germany, demonstrating how the initial unity of the Allies disintegrated during the postwar military occupation in the face of their separate goals for postwar Germany and Europe.
Download or read book American Policy and the Reconstruction of West Germany 1945 1955 written by Jeffry M. Diefendorf and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of essays by German and American historians discusses key issues of US policy toward Germany in the decade following World War II.
Download or read book Occupational Hazards written by David M. Edelstein and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edelstein elucidates the occasional successes of military occupations and their more frequent failures through 26 cases since 1815 in which an outside power seized control of a territory where the occupying party had no long-term claim on sovereignty.
Download or read book Berlin on the Brink written by Daniel F. Harrington and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2012-06-24 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Berlin blockade brought former allies to the brink of war. Britain, France, the United States and the Soviet Union defeated and began their occupation of Germany in 1945, and within a few years, the Soviets and their Western partners were jockeying for control of their former foe. Attempting to thwart the Allied powers' plans to create a unified West German government, the Soviets blocked rail and road access to the western sectors of Berlin in June 1948. With no other means of delivering food and supplies to the German people under their protection, the Allies organized the Berlin airlift. In Berlin on the Brink: The Blockade, the Airlift, and the Cold War, Daniel F. Harrington examines the "Berlin question" from its origin in wartime plans for the occupation of Germany through the Paris Council of Foreign Ministers meeting in 1949. Harrington draws on previously untapped archival sources to challenge standard accounts of the postwar division of Germany, the origins of the blockade, the original purpose of the airlift, and the leadership of President Harry S. Truman. While thoroughly examining four-power diplomacy, Harrington demonstrates how the ingenuity and hard work of the people at the bottom—pilots, mechanics, and Berliners—were more vital to the airlift's success than decisions from the top. Harrington also explores the effects of the crisis on the 1948 presidential election and on debates about the custody and use of atomic weapons. Berlin on the Brink is a fresh, comprehensive analysis that reshapes our understanding of a critical event of cold war history.
Download or read book The Emergence of Modern Central Banking from 1918 to the Present written by Carl-L. Holtfrerich and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twentieth century has seen the rise of modern central banking. At its close, it is also witnessing the first steps in the decline of the role of some of the most famous of these institutions. In this volume, some of the world’s best known specialists examine the process whereby central banks emerged and asserted themselves within the economic and political spheres of their respective countries. Although the theory and the political economy that presided over their creation did not show great divergence across borders, a considerable institutional variety was nevertheless the result. Among the many factors responsible for this diversity, attention is drawn here not only to the idiosyncrasies of domestic financial systems and to the occurrence of political shocks with major monetary repercussions, such as wars, but also to the peculiarities of each economy and of the political and social climate reigning at the time when central banks were created or formalized. The twelve essays cover European, Asian and American experiences and many of them use a comparative approach.
Download or read book Germany 1945 1990 written by J?rgen Weber and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers lively description and convincing interpretation of the most significant events, cruces and ongoing themes in German history from the end of the Second World War up to the present. The chronologies that accompany each chapter record the most important dates, facts and names occurring in the narrative. Jurgen Weber's text supplies the reader with a combination of vivid descriptive history, easily absorbed chronology, and a reliable reference work for the parallel lives of the two Germanies, a product of the Cold War. Weber describes in a clear and reader-friendly manner the history of Germany since 1945. The narrative begins with the period of the allied occupation and progresses through the diverse developments in East and West Germany up to the Federal Republic of today. The most important events, cruces and ongoing themes of the last fifty years are not only succinctly and vividly presented and interpreted, they are also placed in the context of international political developments. Each chapter is accompanied by a chronology featuring the most significant dates and facts relating to the period it covers. The last chapter gives a summary of what happened after 1990 and on present and future political problems of German reunification.
Download or read book The Ghosts of Berlin written by Brian Ladd and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this compelling work, Brian Ladd examines the ongoing conflicts radiating from the remarkable fusion of architecture, history, and national identity in Berlin. Ladd surveys the urban landscape, excavating its ruins, contemplating its buildings and memorials, and carefully deconstructing the public debates and political controversies emerging from its past. "Written in a clear and elegant style, The Ghosts of Berlin is not just another colorless architectural history of the German capital. . . . Mr. Ladd's book is a superb guide to this process of urban self-definition, both past and present."—Katharina Thote, Wall Street Journal "If a book can have the power to change a public debate, then The Ghosts of Berlin is such a book. Among the many new books about Berlin that I have read, Brian Ladd's is certainly the most impressive. . . . Ladd's approach also owes its success to the fact that he is a good storyteller. His history of Berlin's architectural successes and failures reads entertainingly like a detective novel."—Peter Schneider, New Republic "[Ladd's] well-written and well-illustrated book amounts to a brief history of the city as well as a guide to its landscape."—Anthony Grafton, New York Review of Books
Download or read book Germany 1989 written by Lothar Kettenacker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In autumn 1989 the world watched transfixed as East German citizens, demonstrating under the banner ‘We are the people!’, staged the only successful, totally peaceful revolution in German history. By October 1990, the process of reunification was formally concluded, bringing together a nation that had been divided for almost four decades. Now, nearly twenty years later, it is possible to judge the causes and consequences of the revolution more clearly. Was the fall of the Berlin Wall an unexpected fluke, or was it, in fact, the result of a long process of engagement between East and West? And did the momentous events of 1989 really signal the start of a bright new future for a united Germany? In this probing and wide-ranging account, Lothar Kettenacker considers the background behind the division of Germany and explains how the Berlin Wall and its death trap border proved to be the most horrendous manifestation of East-West antagonism. He also looks beyond 1990 to show how the confusion caused by the sudden collapse of the GDR and the fusion of two radically different economies is proving to be a challenge that will preoccupy Germany for generations to come.
Download or read book Longman Companion to Germany Since 1945 written by Adrian Webb and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-09 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new Companion provides a wealth of information on the history of Germany since the Second World War including much material which is not readily available. Throughout, equal attention is devoted to East and West Germany and covers political, social, cultural, and economic developments. The author provides information on, for example, political parties and office-holders; living standards, crime and the environment; Germany's relationship with the European Union; and East Germany up to 1990. Attention is also devoted to topical issues such as opposition and dissent in the East, terrorism, neo-nazism and racial violence. An essential reference book for anyone studying, or teaching, postwar Germany in history or politics departments.
Download or read book The Development of Air Navigation in West Germany after 1945 written by Frank W. Fischer and published by International Advisory Group Air Navigation Services (ANSA). This book was released on 2015-08-05 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This documentation about the development of air navigation in West Germany after 1945 explains the continuation in the further development of the establishment of military tactical air navigation services units beginning under the military governments of the victorious powers and the succeeding allied occupation forces in Germany. This transportation service of the first decade after the end of the war constitutes the cradle of modern european air traffic control (ATC) as the major part of the overall air navigation services system. It closes with the partial reconstitution of air sovereignty in West Germany (FRG) in 1955 and the end of the supervision on the re-established german federal air navigation system administration (BFS) by the Allied Civil Aviation Board - CAB of HICOM by mid 1956.
Download or read book Japan written by United States. Forest Service and published by . This book was released on 1945 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Blockade Breakers written by Helena P Schrader and published by The History Press. This book was released on 2011-09-30 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 24 June 1948 the Sovient Union abrubtly closed all land and water access to the Western Sectors of Berlin. Over 2 million civilians, dependent on the surrounding territory and the West for food, fuel, and other basic goods, were suddenly cut off from all necessities of life. The Western Allies had the option of withdrawing their garrisons and allowing the Soviet Union to take control of the entire city, or of trying to supply the city by air. Never in history had 2 million people been supplied exclusively by air before. None of the senior military commanders believed it could be done. But the political leadership in London and Washington insisted that it must be done. A withdrawal from Berlin would discredit the West at a critical moment in history, when the Soviet Union was expanding aggressively across Europe. Worse, it would endanger the political stability and economic recovery of all of Europe. So the largest and most ambitious Airlift in history was set in motion. It began without the West really knowing what the Berliners needed in order to survive - much less how much those supplies weighed. It was launched despite a lack of airlift expertise in theatre or a unified command structure, an almost complete absence of aircraft and aircrew resources in Germany and serious inadequacies in airfields and air traffic control. But once it took wing, it flew and turned into something that not even its originators and advocates had ever imagined or expected.
