Download or read book Computational Thinking How computers think decide and learn when human limits start and computers champ Vol 1 written by Jorge Guerra Pires and published by Jorge Guerra Pires. This book was released on 2022-07-05 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2013, I wrote a book[1]. At the time, I wanted to explain neural networks in simple terms, I had high school students at my mind. I have expressed my concerns that machine learning was dominating the world, and people had no idea about it, smartphones were not popular in Brazil, and started go gain attention as personal computers. Deep learning started to gain momentum on 2012, and nowadays is kind of the rule. At the time, YouTube was bad, pretty bad a must say: I used to save the links to my videos, as so I could avoid passing through the main page. . Computational thinking is synonymous of algorithms. I cannot think a single computational routine which is not an algorithm; after all, “computers are stupid”, they need to be told what to do even when it is abstract (e.g., machine learning). What is computational think, though? Think like this, a thought experiment: Suppose you give your result, from your model, to someone. Do you believe the person would be able to tell the difference between your solution, from your algorithm, and a human? If not, this is computational thinking. It is a machine (i.e., an algorithm, a routine), doing human-thinking work. As we are going to see based on Kasabov’s work, we may actually be able to send ‘thinking loads’ to computers in the future. Initially, this book supposes to be called computational intelligence. Nonetheless, I thought, we do not necessarily need ‘intelligence’ to build models, not in the sense to artificial intelligence or even human intelligence. Furthermore, as we shall learn from Daniel Kahneman and colleagues, we can achieve nice models for decision making even with simple models, when compared to humans; imagine what we can do with machine learning + cloud computing + databases (such as MongoDB and Firebase)! Possible public Web developers wanting to expand their horizon; here I am being modest, I feel any web coder should learn computational thinking, as so they can add intelligence to their “dummy” apps; People from computational intelligence, waiting to learn new tricks; Computer scientists for sure! I would recommend to computational biologists, and anyone interested in bioinformatics; Applied mathematics, and computational mathematician for sure; Anyone that is opened to new ideas, but has a minimum computer programming background; Maybe, medical doctors and biologists; one of my PhD advisors was a surgeon, with a PhD in mathematics; thus, we may have this profile in medicine and, especially, in biology; External resources and tricks My GitHub profile; Our sandbox; I have used links to my LinkedIn profile, to posts related to the discussions. Feel free to start a conversation on LinkedIn, or to connect! Just comment on the posts, and I will be noticed; I have used several external links, to articles online; this is in addition to the classical/academic reference standard; With Special release of “My selected assays from Medium on Computer programming, Artificial Intelligence” [1] Redes Neurais em termos simples: como aprendemos, pensamos e modelamos. https://www.academia.edu/18365339/Redes_Neurais_em_termos_simples_como_aprendemos_pensamos_e_modelamos?fbclid=IwAR3NLQt003L5QXZQNLSePIxJxUf7NbqsthEjj8rb1zgfpgEgzkiqoNfO0RY. Accessed on 30/06/22.
Download or read book Mindstorms written by Seymour A Papert and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this revolutionary book, a renowned computer scientist explains the importance of teaching children the basics of computing and how it can prepare them to succeed in the ever-evolving tech world. Computers have completely changed the way we teach children. We have Mindstorms to thank for that. In this book, pioneering computer scientist Seymour Papert uses the invention of LOGO, the first child-friendly programming language, to make the case for the value of teaching children with computers. Papert argues that children are more than capable of mastering computers, and that teaching computational processes like de-bugging in the classroom can change the way we learn everything else. He also shows that schools saturated with technology can actually improve socialization and interaction among students and between students and teachers. Technology changes every day, but the basic ways that computers can help us learn remain. For thousands of teachers and parents who have sought creative ways to help children learn with computers, Mindstorms is their bible.
Download or read book Computers and Cognition written by J.H. Fetzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-11-30 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important collection of studies providing a fresh and original perspective on the nature of mind, including thoughtful and detailed arguments that explain why the prevailing paradigm - the computational conception of language and mentality - can no longer be sustained. An alternative approach is advanced, inspired by the work of Charles S. Peirce, according to which minds are sign-using (or `semiotic') systems, which in turn generates distinctions between different kinds of minds and overcomes problems that burden more familiar alternatives. Unlike conceptions of minds as machines, this novel approach has obvious evolutionary implications, where differences in semiotic abilities tend to distinguish the species. From this point of view, the scope and limits of computer and AI systems can be more adequately appraised and alternative accounts of consciousness and cognition can be more thoroughly criticised. Readership: Intermediate and advanced students of computer science, AI, cognitive science, and all students of the philosophy of the mind.
Download or read book Thinking Machines and the Philosophy of Computer Science written by Jordi Vallverdú and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book offers a high interdisciplinary exchange of ideas pertaining to the philosophy of computer science, from philosophical and mathematical logic to epistemology, engineering, ethics or neuroscience experts and outlines new problems that arise with new tools"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book The Most Human Human written by Brian Christian and published by Anchor. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A playful, profound book that is not only a testament to one man's efforts to be deemed more human than a computer, but also a rollicking exploration of what it means to be human in the first place. “Terrific. ... Art and science meet an engaged mind and the friction produces real fire.” —The New Yorker Each year, the AI community convenes to administer the famous (and famously controversial) Turing test, pitting sophisticated software programs against humans to determine if a computer can “think.” The machine that most often fools the judges wins the Most Human Computer Award. But there is also a prize, strange and intriguing, for the “Most Human Human.” Brian Christian—a young poet with degrees in computer science and philosophy—was chosen to participate in a recent competition. This
Download or read book How to Speak Machine written by John Maeda and published by Portfolio. This book was released on 2019-11-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Maeda is one of the world's preeminent interdisciplinary thinkers on technology and design. In How to Speak Machine, he offers a set of simple laws that govern not only the computers of today, but the unimaginable machines of the future. Technology is already more powerful than we can comprehend, and getting more powerful at an exponential pace. Once set in motion, algorithms never tire. And when a program's size, speed, and tirelessness combine with its ability to learn and transform itself, the outcome can be unpredictable and dangerous. Take the seemingly instant transformation of Microsoft's chatbot Tay into a hate-spewing racist, or how crime-predicting algorithsm reinforce racial bias. How to Speak Machine provides a coherent framework for today's product designers, business leaders, and polycmakers to grasp this brave new world. Drawing on his wide-ranging experience from engineering to computer science to design, Maeda shows how businesses and individuals can identify opportunities afforded by technology to make world-changing and inclusive products--while avoiding the pitfalls inherent to the medium.
Download or read book Parsing the Turing Test written by Robert Epstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-23 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exhaustive work that represents a landmark exploration of both the philosophical and methodological issues surrounding the search for true artificial intelligence. Distinguished psychologists, computer scientists, philosophers, and programmers from around the world debate weighty issues such as whether a self-conscious computer would create an internet ‘world mind’. This hugely important volume explores nothing less than the future of the human race itself.
Download or read book The Second Self Twentieth Anniversary Edition written by Sherry Turkle and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005-09-30 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new edition of the classic primer in the psychology of computation, with a new introduction, a new epilogue, and extensive notes added to the original text. In The Second Self, Sherry Turkle looks at the computer not as a "tool," but as part of our social and psychological lives; she looks beyond how we use computer games and spreadsheets to explore how the computer affects our awareness of ourselves, of one another, and of our relationship with the world. "Technology," she writes, "catalyzes changes not only in what we do but in how we think." First published in 1984, The Second Self is still essential reading as a primer in the psychology of computation. This twentieth anniversary edition allows us to reconsider two decades of computer culture—to (re)experience what was and is most novel in our new media culture and to view our own contemporary relationship with technology with fresh eyes. Turkle frames this classic work with a new introduction, a new epilogue, and extensive notes added to the original text. Turkle talks to children, college students, engineers, AI scientists, hackers, and personal computer owners—people confronting machines that seem to think and at the same time suggest a new way for us to think—about human thought, emotion, memory, and understanding. Her interviews reveal that we experience computers as being on the border between inanimate and animate, as both an extension of the self and part of the external world. Their special place betwixt and between traditional categories is part of what makes them compelling and evocative. (In the introduction to this edition, Turkle quotes a PDA user as saying, "When my Palm crashed, it was like a death. I thought I had lost my mind.") Why we think of the workings of a machine in psychological terms—how this happens, and what it means for all of us—is the ever more timely subject of The Second Self.
Download or read book The Computer and the Mind written by Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird and published by Fontana Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the central issues of cognitive science, such as how the mind works, and what enables us to have thoughts and feelings. The author explains what cognitive science is, describes its origins, and outlines what it has achieved.
Download or read book Computers and Common Sense written by Mortimer Taube and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Muse in the Machine written by David Gelernter and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading mind in the world of artificial intelligence answers the provocative question: "Can we introduce emotion into the computer?" Can we introduce emotion into the computer? David Gelernter, one of the leading lights in artificial intelligence today, begins "The Muse in the Machine" with this provocative question. In providing an answer, he not only points to a future revolution in computers, but radically changes our views of the human mind itself. Bringing together insights from computer science, cognitive psychology, philosophy of mind, and literary theory, David Gelernter presents what is sure to be a much debated view of how humans have thought, how we think today, and how computers will learn to think in the future.
Download or read book When Computers Were Human written by David Grier and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before Palm Pilots and iPods, PCs and laptops, the term "computer" referred to the people who did scientific calculations by hand. These workers were neither calculating geniuses nor idiot savants but knowledgeable people who, in other circumstances, might have become scientists in their own right. When Computers Were Human represents the first in-depth account of this little-known, 200-year epoch in the history of science and technology. Beginning with the story of his own grandmother, who was trained as a human computer, David Alan Grier provides a poignant introduction to the wider world of women and men who did the hard computational labor of science. His grandmother's casual remark, "I wish I'd used my calculus," hinted at a career deferred and an education forgotten, a secret life unappreciated; like many highly educated women of her generation, she studied to become a human computer because nothing else would offer her a place in the scientific world. The book begins with the return of Halley's comet in 1758 and the effort of three French astronomers to compute its orbit. It ends four cycles later, with a UNIVAC electronic computer projecting the 1986 orbit. In between, Grier tells us about the surveyors of the French Revolution, describes the calculating machines of Charles Babbage, and guides the reader through the Great Depression to marvel at the giant computing room of the Works Progress Administration. When Computers Were Human is the sad but lyrical story of workers who gladly did the hard labor of research calculation in the hope that they might be part of the scientific community. In the end, they were rewarded by a new electronic machine that took the place and the name of those who were, once, the computers.
Download or read book The Second Self written by Sherry Turkle and published by Touchstone. This book was released on 1984 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Second Self, Sherry Turkle looks at the computer not as a "tool," but as part of our social and psychological lives; she looks beyond how we use computer games and spreadsheets to explore how the computer affects our awareness of ourselves, of one another, and of our relationship with the world. "Technology," she writes, "catalyzes changes not only in what we do but in how we think." First published in 1984, The Second Self is still essential reading as a primer in the psychology of computation. This twentieth anniversary edition allows us to reconsider two decades of computer culture-to (re)experience what was and is most novel in our new media culture and to view our own contemporary relationship with technology with fresh eyes. Turkle frames this classic work with a new introduction, a new epilogue, and extensive notes added to the original text. Turkle talks to children, college students, engineers, AI scientists, hackers, and personal computer owners-people confronting machines that seem to think and at the same time suggest a new way for us to think-about human thought, emotion, memory, and understanding. Her interviews reveal that we experience computers as being on the border between inanimate and animate, as both an extension of the self and part of the external world. Their special place betwixt and between traditional categories is part of what makes them compelling and evocative. In the introduction to this edition, Turkle quotes a PDA user as saying, "When my Palm crashed, it was like a death. I thought I had lost my mind." Why we think of the workings of a machine in psychological terms-how this happens, and what it means for all of us-is the ever more timely subject of The Second Self. Book jacket.
Download or read book Machine Learning written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book When Computers Were Human written by David Alan Grier and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before Palm Pilots and iPods, PCs and laptops, the term "computer" referred to the people who did scientific calculations by hand. These workers were neither calculating geniuses nor idiot savants but knowledgeable people who, in other circumstances, might have become scientists in their own right. When Computers Were Human represents the first in-depth account of this little-known, 200-year epoch in the history of science and technology. Beginning with the story of his own grandmother, who was trained as a human computer, David Alan Grier provides a poignant introduction to the wider world of women and men who did the hard computational labor of science. His grandmother's casual remark, "I wish I'd used my calculus," hinted at a career deferred and an education forgotten, a secret life unappreciated; like many highly educated women of her generation, she studied to become a human computer because nothing else would offer her a place in the scientific world. The book begins with the return of Halley's comet in 1758 and the effort of three French astronomers to compute its orbit. It ends four cycles later, with a UNIVAC electronic computer projecting the 1986 orbit. In between, Grier tells us about the surveyors of the French Revolution, describes the calculating machines of Charles Babbage, and guides the reader through the Great Depression to marvel at the giant computing room of the Works Progress Administration. When Computers Were Human is the sad but lyrical story of workers who gladly did the hard labor of research calculation in the hope that they might be part of the scientific community. In the end, they were rewarded by a new electronic machine that took the place and the name of those who were, once, the computers.
Download or read book The Sciences of the Artificial reissue of the third edition with a new introduction by John Laird written by Herbert A. Simon and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Herbert Simon's classic work on artificial intelligence in the expanded and updated third edition from 1996, with a new introduction by John E. Laird. Herbert Simon's classic and influential The Sciences of the Artificial declares definitively that there can be a science not only of natural phenomena but also of what is artificial. Exploring the commonalities of artificial systems, including economic systems, the business firm, artificial intelligence, complex engineering projects, and social plans, Simon argues that designed systems are a valid field of study, and he proposes a science of design. For this third edition, originally published in 1996, Simon added new material that takes into account advances in cognitive psychology and the science of design while confirming and extending the book's basic thesis: that a physical symbol system has the necessary and sufficient means for intelligent action. Simon won the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1978 for his research into the decision-making process within economic organizations and the Turing Award (considered by some the computer science equivalent to the Nobel) with Allen Newell in 1975 for contributions to artificial intelligence, the psychology of human cognition, and list processing. The Sciences of the Artificial distills the essence of Simon's thought accessibly and coherently. This reissue of the third edition makes a pioneering work available to a new audience.
Download or read book HT THINK LIKE A COMPUTER SCIEN written by Jeffrey Elkner and published by Samurai Media Limited. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this book is to teach you to think like a computer scientist. This way of thinking combines some of the best features of mathematics, engineering, and natural science. Like mathematicians, computer scientists use formal languages to denote ideas (specifically computations). Like engineers, they design things, assembling components into systems and evaluating tradeoffs among alternatives. Like scientists, they observe the behavior of complex systems, form hypotheses, and test predictions. The single most important skill for a computer scientist is problem solving. Problem solving means the ability to formulate problems, think creatively about solutions, and express a solution clearly and accurately. As it turns out, the process of learning to program is an excellent opportunity to practice problem-solving skills. That's why this chapter is called, The way of the program. On one level, you will be learning to program, a useful skill by itself. On another level, you will use programming as a means to an end. As we go along, that end will become clearer.
