Download or read book Components of Soybean Resistance to the Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, is a pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. Studies to find control methods were initiated in 2000 when it was first detected in the United States. Aphis glycines can reduce yields by as much as 50%, and vectors several viral diseases. Plant resistance to A. glycines is one important component of integrated control. In the first study, reproduction of A. glycines was compared on 240 soybean entries. Eleven had fewer nymphs produced compared with two susceptible checks (KS4202 and Pioneer[trade mark] 95B15). Antibiosis and antixenosis were assessed in no-choice and choice tests, respectively. Nine entries showed moderate antibiosis and the other two (K1639 and Pioneer[trade mark] 95B97) showed strong antibiosis and antixenosis as categories of resistance to A. glycines. In the second study, chlorophyll loss was estimated in no-choice tests on infested and uninfested leaves of KS4202. The minimum combined number to detect significant chlorophyll loss was 30 aphids confined for 10 days. Using this number, seven resistant entries found in the first study were evaluated. There was no significant chlorophyll reduction between infested and uninfested leaves of five of the resistant entries (K1621, K1639, 95B97, Dowling and Jackson). Jackson and Dowling had a significantly lower percentage loss than the susceptible checks. In the third study, assessment of feeding behavior of A. glycines was compared and recorded for 9 h on four resistant entries and KS4202. The average time needed to reach the first sieve element phase by A. glycines was 3.5 h in KS4202 while in the resistant entries it was 7.5 h, and the total duration in this phase was longer than an hour in KS4202, and only two to seven minutes in the resistant entries. These data suggest that phloem tissues in the resistant plants change feeding behavior. However, aphids first reached the xylem phase and then the sieve element phase, and the time that aphids spent ingesting xylem sap was not different among all entries; therefore, it is possible that xylem sap in the resistant entries may contain toxic substances that alter aphid behavior and restrain further activities on the sieve element phase.

Download or read book Different Sources of Resistance in Soybean Against Soybean Aphid Biotypes written by Predeesh Chandran and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, arrived first to North America during the midst of 2000. It is a very fast spreading insect and causes a high yield loss of above 50% in most of the soybean growing tracts of United States. Another important economic threat is it's ability to transmit some viruses to soybean. Studies to control this exotic pest started early during the year of its arrival. But a complete integrated pest management (IPM) approach that includes a combination of different control measures has yet to be completely developed. Host plant resistance is one component of integrated pest management and is more sustainable than any other control methods against this insect. In the first study, more than 80 genotypes were screened with two given aphid biotypes, biotype 1 and biotype 2. It was found that the genotypes that were earlier resistant to biotype 1 (K1639, K1642, K1613 K1621, Dowling and Jackson) were susceptible to the new biotype 2 with large populations developing on these genotypes. But we found three new Kansas genotypes that showed resistance only against biotype 1, but not against biotype 2. However, the two of the Michigan genotypes (E06902 and E07906-2) showed resistance to both biotype 1and biotype 2. In second study, the feeding behavior analyses of aphid biotypes were done using the EPG, Electrical penetration graph, technique for a recorded 9 hrs probing time. The resistant and susceptible genotypes show significant differences in their EPG parameters, especially for the sieve element duration in both biotypes. Most of the aphids reached sieve element phase (> 90%) in susceptible genotypes, but only few (

Download or read book Host Plant Resistance and Insecticide Resistance Studies for Soybean Aphid Sphis Glycines Matsumura written by Desmi Indumali Chandrasena and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Screening Early Maturing Soybean Glycine Max L Germplasm for Resistance to the Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura written by Clarice Mensah and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Physiological and Behavioural Response of the Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura to Susceptible and Resistant Soybean written by Nicole M. Lamont and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Exploring Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura Resistance Germplasm Across the Midwest and Its Relationship with Free Amino Acids Accumulation in Leaves written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) resistance germplasm across the Midwest and its relationship with free amino acids accumulation in leaves.

Download or read book Soybean Tolerance to Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura Herbivory written by Lia Marchi Werle and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The determination of EILs and identification of important mechanisms involved in plant tolerance is key for the development of successful breeding strategies and incorporation of this resistance into the IPM for soybean aphid.

Download or read book Bottom up and Top down Management of Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura in Aphid resistant Soybean Glycine Max L Merrill written by T. Michael Kates and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Fertilization on the Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura and the Effects of Soybean Aphids and Fertilization on Soybean Plants written by Abigail Jan Walter and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biological Control of the Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura Homoptera Aphididae written by Tyler Bryce Fox and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura Homoptera Aphididae written by Derek Stevan Crompton and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura Homoptera Aphididae in South Dakota written by Eric Andrew Beckendorf and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Molecular Approaches to Facilitate Marker Assisted Selection for Soybean Aphid Resistance in Soybean written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ecology and Control of the Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura Homoptera written by University of Guelph. Department of Environmental Biology and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Management of the Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura Hemiptera written by Kevin Dennis Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In North America, the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a pest of soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merrill. The main goal of this research was to verify the preliminary economic threshold for A. glycines management in Iowa. Secondary goals included; verifying an alternative sampling techniques for estimating A. glycines populations, evaluating the effect of planting date on A. glycines population growth, and investigating the potential of managing both C. trifurcata and A. glycines with a single insecticide program. In 2004-2005, replicated experiments were established at three locations. Results from both years indicate that there is no detectable effect on soybean yield from an insecticide (lambda-cyhalothrin) application made below the current 250 A. glycines per plant economic threshold. Insecticide applications made at 250 A. glycines per plant protected yields when A. glycines populations continued to increase in the control treatment. The insecticide treatment triggered by a binomial sequential sampling (speed scouting) technique resulted in soybean exposure to A. glycines and soybean yield equal to the insecticide treatment applied using an enumerative sampling technique. Insecticide applications triggered by either enumerative sampling or speed scouting resulted in higher yields compared to control treatment when A. glycines populations reached 250 A. glycines per plant. A delay in soybean planting did not result in differences in soybean exposure to A. glycines. However, in both 2004 and 2005 yields in the late planting dates were not protected by insecticide applications. In 2005, foliar insecticides applied based on threshold of 250 A. glycines per plant reduced aphid exposure and protected yield better than preventative insecticide applications (seed treatments). Emphasizing the importance of insecticide timing when managing A. glycines, a foliar formulation of imidacloprid, was applied at threshold of 250 A. glycines per plant reduced A. glycines exposure and had greater yield protection than when imidacloprid was applied as a seed treatment. Experimental evidence from this research supports the current recommendations for soybean aphid management in Iowa (weekly scouting and a foliar insecticide applied when mean populations reach 250 A. glycines per plant on at least 38 plants and are increasing).

Download or read book The Impact of Natural Enemies on the Density and Within plant Distribution of Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura at the Western Extent of Its Range written by Tierney R. Brosius and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Soybean Aphid Resistance Gene in Soybean K1621 written by Jianye Meng and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) has been one of the major pests of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in soybean-growing regions of North America since it was first reported in 2000. The objectives of this study were to screen for soybean aphid resistant genotypes, determine the inheritance of resistant genes, and map and validate the resistance gene in the moderate resistant genotype K1621 using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A mapping population of 150 F2:3 families from the cross between K1621 and susceptible genotype KS4202 were evaluated for aphid resistance. Phenotyping was conducted on the basis of total aphid number per plant 7 days following infestation with 4 aphids. Inheritance study indicated that one major dominant gene controls soybean aphid resistance in K1621. After SSR markers for polymorphism were screened between parents, a total of 133 polymorphic markers distributed across the soybean genome were used for genotyping. One quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling antibiotic resistance was found by using the composite interval mapping method. This QTL localized on chromosome 13 (linkage group F) between markers Sat_234 and S6814 and explained 54% of the phenotypic variation. The putative QTL was further validated by single marker analysis using an independent population derived from the cross of K1621 and Dowling. The locus for soybean aphid resistance in K1621 was named [Rag]_K1621. The markers identified and validated in this study could be useful for marker-assisted selection of [Rag]_K1621.