Download or read book Competition Market Structure and Bid Ask Spreads in Stock Option Markets written by Stewart Mayhew and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the effects of competition and market structure on the bid-ask spreads for stock options traded on the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) between 1986 and 1997. Options listed on multiple exchanges are found to have narrower spreads than those listed on a single exchange, but the difference is smaller for effective spreads than quoted spreads, and the effect diminishes as option volume increases. Option spreads become wider when a competing exchange delists the option. Options traded under a quot;Designated Primary MarketMakerquot; (DPM) are found to have narrower quoted spreads than those traded in a traditional open outcry crowd. Effective spreads are found to be slightly narrower under the DPM than in the crowd, but only since 1992, and only on low-volume options.
Download or read book Modeling the Impacts of Market Activity on Bid ask Spreads in the Option Market written by Young-Hye Cho and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we examine the impact of market activity on the percentage bid-ask spreads of S & P 100 index options using transactions data. We propose a new market microstructure theory which we call derivative hedge theory, in which option market percentage spreads will be inversely related to the option market maker's ability to hedge his positions in the underlying market, as measured by the liquidity of the latter market. In a perfect hedge world, spreads arise from the illiquidity of the underlying market, rather than from inventory risk or informed trading in the option market itself. We find option market volume is not a significant determinant of option market spreads. This finding leads us to question the use of volume as a measure of liquidity and supports the derivative hedge theory. Option market spreads are positively related to spreads in the underlying market, again supporting our theory. However, option market duration does affect option market spreads, with very slow and very fast option markets both leading to bigger spreads. The fast market result would be predicted by the asymmetric information theory. Inventory model predicts big spreads in slow markets. Neither result would be observed if the underlying securities market provided a perfect hedge. We interpret these mixed results as meaning that the option market maker is able to only imperfectly hedge his positions in the underlying securities market. Our result of insignificant options volume casts doubt on the price discovery argument between stock and option market (Easley, O'Hara, and Srinivas (1998)). Asymmetric information costs in either market are naturally passed to the other market maker's hedgeing and therefore it is unimportant where the informed traders trade.
Download or read book The Behavior of Bid Ask Spreads and Volume in Options Markets During the Competition for Listings in 1999 written by Patrick de Fontnouvelle and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In August 1999, U.S. exchanges began to compete directly for order flow in many options that had been exclusively listed on another exchange, shifting 37 percent of option volume to multiple-listing status by the end of September. Effective and quoted bid-ask spreads decrease significantly after multiple listing with spreads generally maintaining their initial lower levels one year later. These results hold for both time series and pooled regressions and are robust. We reject that economies of scale in market making cause the decrease in spreads and support the view that inter-exchange competition reduces option transaction costs.
Download or read book Market structure and bid ask spreads written by G. Geoffrey Booth and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liquidity Markets and Trading in Action written by Deniz Ozenbas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book addresses four standard business school subjects: microeconomics, macroeconomics, finance and information systems as they relate to trading, liquidity, and market structure. It provides a detailed examination of the impact of trading costs and other impediments of trading that the authors call rictions It also presents an interactive simulation model of equity market trading, TraderEx, that enables students to implement trading decisions in different market scenarios and structures. Addressing these topics shines a bright light on how a real-world financial market operates, and the simulation provides students with an experiential learning opportunity that is informative and fun. Each of the chapters is designed so that it can be used as a stand-alone module in an existing economics, finance, or information science course. Instructor resources such as discussion questions, Powerpoint slides and TraderEx exercises are available online.
Download or read book Equity Markets written by Robert Alan Schwartz and published by HarperCollins Publishers. This book was released on 1988 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bid ask Spreads with Indirect Competition Among Specialists written by Thomas Gehrig and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stock Market Structure Volatility and Volume written by Hans R. Stoll and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Competition Without Fungibility written by Söhnke M. Bartram and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we compare option contracts from a traditional derivatives exchange to bank-issued options, also referred to as covered warrants. While bank-issued option markets and traditional derivatives exchanges exhibit significant structural differences such as the absence of a central counterparty for bank-issued options, they frequently exist side-by-side, and the empirical evidence shows that there is significant overlap in their product offerings although options are not fungible between the two markets. The empirical analysis indicates that bid-ask spreads in either market are lowered by 1-2% due to competition from the other market, providing evidence that the benefits of competing market structures are available in the absence of fungibility.
Download or read book Modeling the Impacts of Market Activity on Bid Ask Spreads in the Option Market written by Young-Hye Cho and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we examine the impact of market activity on the percentage bid-ask spreads of Samp;P 100 index options using transactions data. We propose a new market microstructure theory which we call derivative hedge theory, in which option market percentage spreads will be inversely related to the option market maker's ability to hedge his positions in the underlying market, as measured by the liquidity of the latter market. In a perfect hedge world, spreads arise from the illiquidity of the underlying market, rather than from inventory risk or informed trading in the option market itself. We find option market volume is not a significant determinant of option market spreads. This finding leads us to question the use of volume as a measure of liquidity and supports the derivative hedge theory. Option market spreads are positively related to spreads in the underlying market, again supporting our theory. However, option market duration does affect option market spreads, with very slow and very fast option markets both leading to bigger spreads. The fast market result would be predicted by the asymmetric information theory. Inventory model predicts big spreads in slow markets. Neither result would be observed if the underlying securities market provided a perfect hedge. We interpret these mixed results as meaning that the option market maker is able to only imperfectly hedge his positions in the underlying securities market. Our result of insignificant options volume casts doubt on the price discovery argument between stock and option market (Easley, O'Hara, and Srinivas (1998)). Asymmetric information costs in either market are naturally passed to the other market maker's hedgeing and therefore it is unimportant where the informed traders trade.
Download or read book Trades Quotes and Prices written by Jean-Philippe Bouchaud and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-22 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The widespread availability of high-quality, high-frequency data has revolutionised the study of financial markets. By describing not only asset prices, but also market participants' actions and interactions, this wealth of information offers a new window into the inner workings of the financial ecosystem. In this original text, the authors discuss empirical facts of financial markets and introduce a wide range of models, from the micro-scale mechanics of individual order arrivals to the emergent, macro-scale issues of market stability. Throughout this journey, data is king. All discussions are firmly rooted in the empirical behaviour of real stocks, and all models are calibrated and evaluated using recent data from Nasdaq. By confronting theory with empirical facts, this book for practitioners, researchers and advanced students provides a fresh, new, and often surprising perspective on topics as diverse as optimal trading, price impact, the fragile nature of liquidity, and even the reasons why people trade at all.
Download or read book Bid ask Spread and Market Structure written by Yuk-Shee Chan and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling the Bid Ask Spread written by Nicolas P. B. Bollen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need to understand and measure the determinants of market maker bid/ask spreads is crucial in evaluating the merits of competing market structures and the fairness of market maker rents. After providing a brief review of past work, this study develops a simple, parsimonious model for the market maker's spread that accounts for the effects of price discreteness induced by minimum tick size, order-processing costs, inventory-holding costs, adverse selection, and competition. The inventory-holding and adverse selection cost components of spread are modeled as an option with a stochastic time to expiration. This inventory-holding premium embedded in the spread represents compensation for the price risk borne by the market maker while the security is held in inventory. The premium is partitioned in such a way that the inventory holding and adverse selection cost components and the probability of an informed trade are identified. The model is tested empirically on a sample of NASDAQ stocks over three distinct tick size regimes and is shown to perform well.
Download or read book The Intraday Behavior of Bid Ask Spreads for NYSE Stocks and Cboe Options written by Kalok Chan and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the intraday behavior of bid-ask spreads for actively traded CBOE options and for their NYSE-traded underlying stocks. We confirm previous findings that stocks have a U-shaped spread pattern; however, the options display a very different intraday pattern--one that declines sharply after the open, and then levels off. Our results suggest that both the degree of competition in market making and the extent of informed trading are important for understanding the intraday behavior of spreads.
Download or read book Securities Trading SEC Action Needed to Address National Market System Issues written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The October 1987 stock market crash raised critical questions concerning the efficiency, competitiveness, and fairness of U.S. securities markets. Many experts questioned the structure of the marketplace and its ability to both withstand periods of high stress and operate efficiently in ordinary times. Market experts and analysts have debated these questions since the crash. Renewed volatility in the markets, as indicated by the 190-point drop on October 13, 1989, and the subsequent record gained the following week, has again created doubt about whether the financial markets are properly designed to meet the demands placed upon them. To identify market structure issues, GAO met with federal regulators, exchange and over-the-counter market officials, market professionals, institutional investors, and academics. GAO evaluated what should be done to address the most important issues identified through these discussions-trading restrictions, market links, and options trading.
Download or read book The Nature of Informed Option Trading Evidence from the Takeover Market written by Marco Klapper and published by Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag). This book was released on 2013-10 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the kind of information ‘informed’ traders have prior to a takeover announcement using options of target firms and elaborates on the cross-sectional relationship between options and stocks around takeover announcements. Financial markets are driven by information and by individuals that generate, process, and disclose this information to the market. Naturally, there have to be individuals who possess more information about a firm or a future event than other market participants. Mergers and acquisitions are particularly interesting events in this regard because they can have significant implications for the firms and stakeholders involved, as well as for the competitive dynamics in the respective market. Because of the large potential price impact of such transactions, traders with private information about a prospective takeover are expected to trade on this information to make a profit. But who are these ‘informed traders’ and what kind of information do they possess? This study tries to give a respond to this question.
Download or read book Options Markets written by John C. Cox and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1985 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes the first published detailed description of option exchange operations, the first published treatment using only elementary mathematics and the first step-by-step procedure for implementing the Black-Scholes formula in actual trading.
