Download or read book Comparison of the Accuracy of 3D Body Scanner Measurements to Hand Measurements on the Fit of Ladies Pants written by Mushfika Tasnim Mica and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of 3D body scanner measurement system might have a significant impact on body measurements because the human body with the use of 3D body scanners, body measurement techniques can be non?contact, instant, and accurate. On the other hand, hand measuring system might be dependent on the measurers’ skill on how they place the measuring tapes on the body. But 3D body scanner might have difficulties in capturing images of some body part such as crotch. Here, hand measurement system does not have any difficulty to measure such body parts. The purpose of this study is to identify which measurement system provides with the more accurate measurements for the human body. Five participants were recruited based on their body shape and two pairs of pants were constructed for each participant both the hand measured and body scanner measured and the fit of the pants was assessed by two professionals with 5-point Likert Scale. Also, the participants were interviewed with open-ended questions on the assessment of fit and comfort of the pants. Although hand measured pants gained more points on the fit assessment than scanner measured pants, participants preferred the scanner measured pants over the hand measured ones.

Download or read book Body shape analysis using three dimensional body scanning technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clothing fit is a major cause of frustration for consumers today. The current sizing systems for women in the US are based on a study that is over 6 decades old. The greater influence of ethnic diversity along with changes in lifestyles since the 1940s is making our bodies look differently. New technology is allowing the rapid and accurate ability to determine the true shape of human bodies through 3D body scanning. No attempts have been made to study body shapes and sizes using the 3D body scanner until this pilot study. A computer program was developed to derive a numerical difference in body measurements between those of the subjects and those defined by all current and past sizing standards demonstrating that the current sizing system is insufficient. Three methods were developed in the Best Fit software to ascertain the sufficiency of the standards: percentage difference, tolerance difference, and weighted tolerance difference. Even though the CS215-58 was the most chosen standard for the best fit in the percentage difference, 30% of the measures in that standard deviated more than 5% from the subject's measurements. For the tolerance difference, the ASTM5586-95 was the most chosen standard and had an average of 14 measurements (out of 23) that were out-of-tolerance as compared to the subject's measurements. For the weighted tolerance difference, the ASTM 5586-95 (women over 55) database was the most chosen. If each of the 23 measurements for a subject were out-of-tolerance to the most severe amount, then the subject would get a score of 69. This study had an average score of 20 for weighted tolerance. A new shape identification software was developed through the computer program of Visual Basic Pro called FFIT (Female Figure Identification Technique) for Apparel. Nine shape categories were identified: 'hourglass', 'oval', 'triangle', 'inverted triangle', 'rectangle', 'spoon', 'diamond', 'bottom hourglass', and 'top hourglass'. The bust, waist, hip, stomach, an.

Download or read book Anthropometry Apparel Sizing and Design written by Deepti Gupta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-02-15 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the greatest challenges for the apparel industry is to produce garments that fit customers properly. Anthropometry, Apparel Sizing and Design addresses the need for improved characterization of our populations in order to tailor garments according to size, weight, and shape of consumers. This book reviews techniques in anthropometry, sizing system developments, and their applications to clothing design. Part one considers a range of anthropometric methods. The text discusses the range of sizing systems, including data mining techniques, useful for bridging the gap between ergonomists and designers. Chapters examine three-dimensional anthropometric methods and multivariate and bivariate analysis for identifying key body dimensions. Part two then explains how to analyze anthropometric data to develop appropriate sizing systems. Here, the book discusses classification and clustering of human body shapes, the importance of national surveys, and using the data obtained to ensure inclusive design strategies. The book covers sizing systems developed for particular groups, apparel size designation, and the potential for international standardization. It considers the advantages of 3D body scanning and computer-aided design, and the use of body motion analysis to address ease allowance requirements of apparel. With its distinguished editors and international contributors, this work is an essential reference, particularly due to the specific combination of aspects of anthropometry and the sizing of clothing, for researchers, garment designers, students, and manufacturers in the clothing and fashion industry. Reviews techniques in anthropometry, sizing system developments, and their applications to clothing design Examines 3D anthropometric methods and multivariate and bivariate analysis for identifying key body dimensions Covers sizing systems developed for particular groups, apparel size designation, and the potential for international standardization

Download or read book Categorization of Women s Lower Body Shapes Using Multi view 3D Body Scan Measurements and Development of Shape driven Automated Custom Patterns written by Hwa Kyung Song and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, automated customization is considered as a promising way of improving garment fit. This research addressed the commercial systems that use 3D body measurements to generate custom fit patterns by applying automated alterations to a graded pattern. The goal of this study was to test whether improved customization could occur if the process is started from base patterns that are balanced and corrected for each customer's figure type and posture. Data collection and analysis intertwined in this multi-step project which consists of (stage 1) statistical analysis for lower body shape categorization based on 2,981 women aged 18 to 35 from SizeUSA data, identifying three distinct shape groups, (stage 2) development of basic block pants patterns in each body shape by fitting three representative women in each of the three shape groups, and (stage 3) validation of the use of the basic block patterns for different shape groups in a custom fit process by comparing the fit of two pairs of pants on 27 study participants (9 women in each group); one pair was generated from the automated custom patternmaking system using a standard base pattern, and the other pair was generated using the appropriate block pattern driven by body shape. In stage 1, five components were identified to represent distinctive shapes from the silhouette and profile views of the lower body using principal component analysis: PC1: body measurements that define waist to top hip silhouette, PC2: body measurements that define top hip to hip silhouette, PC3: body measurements that define buttocks prominence, z-score 1: the drop of front abdomen depth to waist front depth, and z-score 2: the drop of front abdomen depth to front hip depth. From cluster analysis, three body shape groups were found: group 1 (curvy shape) has the curviest silhouette between waist level and top hip level, and the most prominent abdomen among the three groups; group 2 (hip tilt shape) has the most prominent buttocks, and their lower body is tilted toward the back; group 3 (straight shape) has a non-curvy silhouette and less prominent buttocks. From 83 participants, 3 primary fit models for development of base block patterns and 9 fit testers for validation of the use of the basic block patterns in a custom fit process were selected for each group. From 83 participants, 3 fit models (one primary) were chosen for each shape group for stage 2, and 9 participants from each shape group were selected for stage 3. In stage 3 an automated custom-made system for which alterations started from the three block patterns driven by body shape was developed, and the fit of pants (type A) developed from this system was compared with the fit of pants (type B) created from an automated custom-made system using a single block pattern. Evaluation of fit was conducted by 3 experts and by the 27 wearers. The results of experts' evaluations showed that type A provided significantly better fit at waist ease, waist placement, crotch length, and side seam placement. At abdomen ease, buttocks ease, front crotch ease, front thigh ease, and side seam location, type A was also judged to have a tendency to exhibit better fit even though the differences of the two types were not significantly different. At back crotch ease, thigh ease, and inseam length, type B had a tendency to exhibit equal or better fit, but the fit variables were not significantly different and the values of the differences were not large. Wearers' fit analysis showed some similar responses to those of the expert analysis.

Download or read book Anthropometry Apparel Sizing and Design written by Norsaadah Zakaria and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-10-05 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropometry, Apparel Sizing and Design, Second Edition, reviews techniques in anthropometry, sizing system developments, and their applications to clothing design. The book addresses the need for the improved characterization of population size, weights and the shapes of consumers. This new edition presents the very latest advances, and is expanded to include in-depth coverage of sizing and fit for specific groups and applications. Sections cover the development of sizing systems, classification and body types, the use of anthropometric data, body measurement devices and techniques, including 3D scanners for the full body and for particular body parts, 4D scanning technology and motion analysis. Additional sections cover testing and the evaluation of fit and anthropometric sizing systems for particular functions, thus reflecting the increasing need for apparel to meet specific needs, such as in swimwear, protective clothing, mobility, intimate apparel, footwear and compression garments. This book will be an essential reference source for apparel designers, manufacturers, retailers and merchandisers. Its detailed information and data will also be of great interest to researchers and postgraduate students across clothing technology, product design, fashion and textiles. Reviews methods and techniques in anthropometry, sizing system development, and applications in clothing design Enables users to understand and utilize detailed anthropometric data Covers sizing and fit for particular uses, including protective clothing, compression garments, intimate apparel and footwear

Download or read book Breaking the Mould written by Fleur Honey and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis compares the three-dimensional (3D) shapes of a sample of 18-30 year old Australian women to the 3D shapes assumed by the Standards Australia (SA) garment sizing system. I developed a new method for comparing two sets of dimensions defining 3D shapes. The degree of mismatch was expressed by a statistic called L (or lack-of-fit). Using the L-value, I compared 28 measurements, corresponding to the SA sizing system, derived from 3D scans on 294 young Australian women. Each participant was assigned to a best-fit size, which was the size yielding the lowest L-value (or the lowest degree of mismatch). The results showed that there is a significant mismatch between the real 3D shapes of young Australian women and the shapes assumed by the SA sizing system, and that there is a difference of more than two sizes when comparing reported dress sizes and best-fit clothing sizes. These results suggest that there is a need for the current system to be revised, or a new system to be developed. Revision of current clothing sizes, or development of new sizes would be optimised by using 3D body scanning technology. This will allow systematic updating of any sizing system developed, and also the construction of new templates based on alternative dimensions, as well as the application of new garment production technologies.

Download or read book Clothing Appearance and Fit written by J Fan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-09-20 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fashion and beauty have helped shape history and today more than ever, we find ourselves under increasing pressure to think about what we wear, what we look good in and how best to enhance our body shape and size. Behind this seemingly superficial industry, however, lies a technical thinking firmly grounded in science and technology. In one fully comprehensive book, Clothing appearance and fit: Science and technology provides a critical appreciation of the technological developments and scientific understanding of the appearance and fit of clothing. The authors bridge the science of beauty and fashion design with garment evaluation technology, garment drape and human anthropometrics and sizing. The ten chapters of the book provide a detailed coverage of clothing appearance and fit. Chapter 1 considers body attractiveness and how it relates to clothing material and design parameters and discusses classical and contemporary theories of beauty. Chapters 2 and 3 present the industry’s techniques, methods and standards for assessing clothing appearance and fit and Chapters 4 and 5 review the research and development of objective measurement technologies for evaluating clothing appearance and fit. Fabric objective measurement, fabric properties and garment drape are covered in Chapters 6 and 7 and the R & D of body measurement, anthropometrics and sizing systems are detailed in Chapters 8 and 9. The final chapter reviews published work on garment design and pattern alteration for achieving good clothing appearance and fit. This book is an essential reference for researchers, academics, professionals and students in clothing and textile academia and industry. It includes many industrial standards, techniques and practices. Offers a critical appreciation of technological developments Incorporates user-friendly illustrations and photographs Valuable reference for students, researchers and professionals in the clothing and textile industries

Download or read book Patronage Behavior and Retail Management written by William R. Darden and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1983 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes bibliographical references and index

Download or read book Sizing in Clothing written by S Ashdown and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-04-11 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The basic concepts behind sizing systems currently used in the manufacture of ready-to-wear garments were originally developed in the 19th century. These systems are frequently based on outdated anthropometric data, they lack standard labelling, and they generally do not accommodate the wide variations of body sizes and proportions that exist in the population. However, major technological improvements have made new population data available worldwide, with the potential to affect the future of sizing in many ways. New developments in computer-aided design and sophisticated mathematical and statistical methods of categorizing different body shapes can also contribute to the development of more effective sizing systems. This important book provides a critical appreciation of the key technological and scientific developments in sizing and their application. The first chapter in the book discusses the history of sizing systems and how this has affected the mass production of ready-to-wear clothing. Chapters two and three review methods for constructing new and adapting existing sizing systems, and the standardisation of national and international sizing systems. Marketing and fit models are reviewed in chapter four whilst chapter five presents an analysis of the grading process used to create size sets. Chapters six and seven discuss fit and sizing strategies in relation to function, and the communication of sizing. Mass customization and a discussion of material properties and their affect on sizing are addressed in chapters eight and nine. Military sizing and the aesthetics of sizing are detailed in chapters ten and eleven. The final chapter reviews the impact on sizing of production systems and specifications. Written by an international team of contributors, this book is an essential reference to researchers, designers, students and manufacturers in the clothing and fashion industry. Provides a critical appreciation of key technological and scientific developments in sizing and their application Discusses how developments in sizing affect the mass production of ready to wear clothing Reviews methods of constructing new and adapting existing sizing systems

Download or read book Advances in Apparel Production written by Catherine Fairhurst and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-05-28 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apparel production is a complex process often involving an international supply chain which must respond rapidly to the changing needs and tastes of consumers. This important book discusses the technological improvements which are transforming the speed, flexibility and productivity of the industry. The first part of the book reviews advances in apparel design. There are chapters on modelling fabric and garment drape, computer-aided colour matching, yarn design and pattern making. Other chapters discuss key issues in apparel sizing and fit, and the role of 3-D body scanning in improving garment fit and design. The second part of the book surveys advances in production, beginning with product development before looking at advances in knitting, sewing, printing, finishing and fabric inspection. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Advances in apparel production is a standard work for those researching and working in this important industry. Discusses the technological improvements transforming the speed, flexibility and productivity of the industry Examines computer aided colour matching, garment drape and yarn design Explores key issues in apparel sizing and fit, the role of three-dimensional body scanning in improving garment fit and design

Download or read book Crime Scene Investigation written by National Institute of Justice (U.S.). Technical Working Group on Crime Scene Investigation and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a guide to recommended practices for crime scene investigation. The guide is presented in five major sections, with sub-sections as noted: (1) Arriving at the Scene: Initial Response/Prioritization of Efforts (receipt of information, safety procedures, emergency care, secure and control persons at the scene, boundaries, turn over control of the scene and brief investigator/s in charge, document actions and observations); (2) Preliminary Documentation and Evaluation of the Scene (scene assessment, "walk-through" and initial documentation); (3) Processing the Scene (team composition, contamination control, documentation and prioritize, collect, preserve, inventory, package, transport, and submit evidence); (4) Completing and Recording the Crime Scene Investigation (establish debriefing team, perform final survey, document the scene); and (5) Crime Scene Equipment (initial responding officers, investigator/evidence technician, evidence collection kits).

Download or read book The Measurement of Human Growth written by Noël Cameron and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1984 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning written by Carl Patton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-26 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated in its 3rd edition, Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning presents quickly applied methods for analyzing and resolving planning and policy issues at state, regional, and urban levels. Divided into two parts, Methods which presents quick methods in nine chapters and is organized around the steps in the policy analysis process, and Cases which presents seven policy cases, ranging in degree of complexity, the text provides readers with the resources they need for effective policy planning and analysis. Quantitative and qualitative methods are systematically combined to address policy dilemmas and urban planning problems. Readers and analysts utilizing this text gain comprehensive skills and background needed to impact public policy.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Biostatistics written by Bernard Rosner and published by Cengage Learning. This book was released on 2015-07-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bernard Rosner's FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOSTATISTICS is a practical introduction to the methods, techniques, and computation of statistics with human subjects. It prepares students for their future courses and careers by introducing the statistical methods most often used in medical literature. Rosner minimizes the amount of mathematical formulation (algebra-based) while still giving complete explanations of all the important concepts. As in previous editions, a major strength of this book is that every new concept is developed systematically through completely worked out examples from current medical research problems. Most methods are illustrated with specific instructions as to implementation using software either from SAS, Stata, R, Excel or Minitab. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version.

Download or read book Long Way Down written by Jason Reynolds and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An intense snapshot of the chain reaction caused by pulling a trigger.” —Booklist (starred review) “Astonishing.” —Kirkus Reviews (starred review) “A tour de force.” —Publishers Weekly (starred review) A Newbery Honor Book A Coretta Scott King Honor Book A Printz Honor Book A Time Best YA Book of All Time (2021) A Los Angeles Times Book Prize Winner for Young Adult Literature Longlisted for the National Book Award for Young People’s Literature Winner of the Walter Dean Myers Award An Edgar Award Winner for Best Young Adult Fiction Parents’ Choice Gold Award Winner An Entertainment Weekly Best YA Book of 2017 A Vulture Best YA Book of 2017 A Buzzfeed Best YA Book of 2017 An ode to Put the Damn Guns Down, this is New York Times bestselling author Jason Reynolds’s electrifying novel that takes place in sixty potent seconds—the time it takes a kid to decide whether or not he’s going to murder the guy who killed his brother. A cannon. A strap. A piece. A biscuit. A burner. A heater. A chopper. A gat. A hammer A tool for RULE Or, you can call it a gun. That’s what fifteen-year-old Will has shoved in the back waistband of his jeans. See, his brother Shawn was just murdered. And Will knows the rules. No crying. No snitching. Revenge. That’s where Will’s now heading, with that gun shoved in the back waistband of his jeans, the gun that was his brother’s gun. He gets on the elevator, seventh floor, stoked. He knows who he’s after. Or does he? As the elevator stops on the sixth floor, on comes Buck. Buck, Will finds out, is who gave Shawn the gun before Will took the gun. Buck tells Will to check that the gun is even loaded. And that’s when Will sees that one bullet is missing. And the only one who could have fired Shawn’s gun was Shawn. Huh. Will didn’t know that Shawn had ever actually USED his gun. Bigger huh. BUCK IS DEAD. But Buck’s in the elevator? Just as Will’s trying to think this through, the door to the next floor opens. A teenage girl gets on, waves away the smoke from Dead Buck’s cigarette. Will doesn’t know her, but she knew him. Knew. When they were eight. And stray bullets had cut through the playground, and Will had tried to cover her, but she was hit anyway, and so what she wants to know, on that fifth floor elevator stop, is, what if Will, Will with the gun shoved in the back waistband of his jeans, MISSES. And so it goes, the whole long way down, as the elevator stops on each floor, and at each stop someone connected to his brother gets on to give Will a piece to a bigger story than the one he thinks he knows. A story that might never know an END…if Will gets off that elevator. Told in short, fierce staccato narrative verse, Long Way Down is a fast and furious, dazzlingly brilliant look at teenage gun violence, as could only be told by Jason Reynolds.

Download or read book Between the Lines written by Jodi Picoult and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Told in their separate voices, sixteen-year-old Prince Oliver, who wants to break free of his fairy-tale existence, and fifteen-year-old Delilah, a loner obsessed with Prince Oliver and the book in which he exists, work together to seek his freedom.

Download or read book The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers written by Johnny Saldana and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2009-02-19 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers is unique in providing, in one volume, an in-depth guide to each of the multiple approaches available for coding qualitative data. In total, 29 different approaches to coding are covered, ranging in complexity from beginner to advanced level and covering the full range of types of qualitative data from interview transcripts to field notes. For each approach profiled, Johnny Saldaña discusses the method’s origins in the professional literature, a description of the method, recommendations for practical applications, and a clearly illustrated example.