Download or read book Community and Individual Factors that Influence Housing Need Among Low income Persons Living with HIV AIDS written by Russell Lee Bennett and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research was to study the influence of individual- and community-level conditions on the housing needs among low-income persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Secondary data analysis was conducted on HIV/AIDS housing survey data collected in 2006 in a four-county metropolitan area. The study sample consisted of 384 low-income PLWHA living in 78 ZIP Code areas. Community-level data were compiled from 2000 Decennial Census, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and other affordable housing databases. Using hierarchical linear modeling, two housing need outcome variables (a) need for housing assistance and (b) housing stability were studied. The first research question concerned the influence of individual conditions (socio-demographics, housing situations, and social histories) on housing need. In predicting need for housing assistance, none of the socio-demographics of age, gender, race, or ethnicity was a significant predictor of housing need. Of the housing situation predictors (housing burden, household composition, potential impact of rent increase, housing subsidy), only housing burden was a statistically significant predictor. Lastly, considering social history (work status, history of homelessness, mental illness and substance use history), a history of homelessness and substance use history were significant predictors. Only a history of homelessness statistically significantly predicted housing stability. The second research question concerned the influence of the community conditions of distress, degree of rurality, and social infrastructure on housing need. All the community predictors, except number of affordable housing units (a measure of social infrastructure), were statistically significant predictors of need for housing assistance. None of the community variables was a statistically significant predictor of housing stability. The findings suggest that community conditions are associated with the need for housing assistance. The third research question concerned interactions between the individual- and community-level conditions. The relationship between history of homelessness and need for housing assistance was stronger in areas where there were more affordable housing. The findings of the study support the conclusion that both individual and community conditions are associated with housing need among PLWHA. The report concludes with a discussion of these results and offers implications for social work practice, policy, and research.
Download or read book Community and Individual Factors that Influence Housing Need Among Low income Persons Living with HIV AIDS written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Community and individual factors that influence housing need among low-income persons living with HIV/AIDS.
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book Housing for Persons Living with HIV AIDS written by Libby Perl and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the beginning of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in the early 1980s, many individuals living with the disease have had difficulty finding affordable, stable housing. As individuals become ill, they may find themselves unable to work, while at the same time facing health care expenses that leave few resources to pay for housing. In addition, many of those persons living with AIDS struggled to afford housing even before being diagnosed with the disease. The financial vulnerability associated with AIDS, as well as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS, results in a greater likelihood of homelessness among persons living with the disease. At the same time, those who are homeless may be more likely to engage in activities through which they could acquire or transmit HIV. Further, recent research has indicated that those individuals living with HIV who live in stable housing have better health outcomes than those who are homeless or unstably housed, and that they spend fewer days in hospitals and emergency rooms. Congress recognized the housing needs of persons living with HIV/AIDS when it approved the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program in 1990 as part of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (P.L. 101-625). The HOPWA program, administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), funds short-term and permanent housing, together with supportive services, for individuals living with HIV/AIDS and their families. In addition, a small portion of funds appropriated through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS program, administered by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), may also be used to fund short-term housing for those living with HIV/AIDS. In FY2012, Congress appropriated $332 million for HOPWA as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act (P.L. 112-55). This was a reduction of $3 million from the $335 million appropriated in FY2011 and FY2010, the most funding ever appropriated for the program. Prior to FY2010, the most that had been appropriated for HOPWA was $310 million in FY2009. HOPWA funds are distributed to states and localities through both formula and competitive grants. HUD awards 90% of appropriated funds by formula to states and eligible metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) based on population, reported cases of AIDS, and incidence of AIDS. The remaining 10% is distributed through a grant competition. Funds are used primarily for housing activities, although grant recipients must provide supportive services to those persons residing in HOPWA-funded housing.
Download or read book Poverty in the United States written by Ann O'Leary and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important text explores the deep relationships between poverty, health/mental health conditions, and widespread social problems as they affect the lives of low-income women. A robust source of both empirical findings and first-person descriptions by poor women of their living conditions, it exposes cyclical patterns of structural and environmental stressors contributing to impaired physical and mental health. Psychological conditions (notably depression and PTSD), substance use and abuse, domestic and gun-related violence, relationship instability, and hunger in low-income communities, especially among women of color, are discussed in detail. In terms of solutions, the book’s contributors identify areas for major policy reform and make potent recommendations for community outreach, wide-scale intervention, and sustained advocacy. Among the topics covered:• The intersection of women’s health and poverty.• Poverty, personal experiences of violence, and mental health.• The role of social support for women living in poverty.• The logic of exchange sex among women living in poverty.• Physical safety and neighborhood issues.• Exploring the complex intersections between housing environments and health behaviors among women living in poverty. A stark reminder that health should be considered a basic human right, Poverty in the United States: Women's Voices is a necessary reference for research professionals particularly interested in women’s studies, HIV/AIDS prevention, poverty, and social policy.
Download or read book More Than a Shelter written by Jenné Shayleen Massie and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background. The Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) Program is a national structural approach designed to address housing instability including providing linkages to health care and mental health services for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and their families. While there is literature supporting the association between HOPWA and positive health outcomes, there is a dearth of research examining its broader impact on women living in HOPWA-funded housing. This study focused on the experiences of a cluster of PLWHA living in Washington, DC in need of housing, including the use of photovoice methods, to explore, analyze, and document the impact of HIV/AIDS-sponsored housing services on their lives. Methods. The study's participants (N = 9) and researcher relied on both individual and group photo discussions to create critical discourse, observations, reflections, discussion, feedback, and interpretations of the data collected to gain a culturally-grounded and contextual understanding of the impact that HOPWA-funded housing plays on the lives of WLHA in Washington, DC. The study further used a structured sequential step methodology that included a three-phase process for conducting a photovoice project to engage a cluster of women living in HOPWA-funded housing. Phase 1 of the study included gathering experiential data by conducting personal interviews with the women about their experiences, including their reflections about photos they took, using photovoice methods to accurately identify and describe in detail the essential themes emerging from their personal accounts. Phase 2 of the study involved presentation and group discussion of the experiential themes identified and detailed by the participants. Finally, Phase 3 involved the interpretative phenomenological using the Urban Health Framework and intersectional analyses of this study's research process, including qualitative data collected as part of the above noted Phases 1 and 2. Results. A majority of the women were unfamiliar with the HOPWA program, having acquired stable housing through other HUD programs including, for example, the Housing Choice Voucher Program. Participants perceived access to housing services in DC to be limited in scope, and the process of securing and maintaining stable housing was described as being extremely difficult. The women experienced long waiting times -- sometimes extending decades -- while seeking to secure housing, and perceived their gender, race, and class as being major barriers to qualifying for some housing opportunities. Some participants noted that their access to housing had a positive impact on their health promoting behaviors and facilitated social support with family and friends by meeting their basic need for shelter and reducing stress. However, the women's experiences with subsidized housing often exposed them to mold, pests, dilapidated structures, violence, and economic and racial segregation caused, in part, by rapid gentrification. The physical and complex social environments faced by these women had a significantly negative effect on both their physical and mental health. Participants asserted that women's HIV/AIDS and housing needs were not being met in DC, and that policymakers were not addressing their priorities as WLHA. Participation in the study had a direct benefit for participants that gained self-empowerment and were able to advocate for improvements in accessing adequate housing through participatory action. Conclusions. Women accessing HIV/AIDS housing-sponsored services in DC were often subjected to sub-standard living conditions, with little power or resources to improve their living conditions. Participation in this study's photovoice project led to engagement in critical dialogue, self-empowerment, and action that resulted in the improvement of some participants' living conditions, as well as advancing advocacy in support of women's HIV/AIDS housing services needs in DC.
Download or read book Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifies and describes specific government assistance opportunities such as loans, grants, counseling, and procurement contracts available under many agencies and programs.
Download or read book Formula Grants Census Data are Among Several Factors That Can Affect Funding Allocations written by Robert Goldenkoff and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fed. gov¿t. has annually distributed over $300 billion in fed. assistance through grant programs using formulas driven in part by census population data. The U.S. Census Bureau puts forth tremendous effort to conduct an accurate count of the nation's population, yet some error in the form of persons missed or counted more than once is inevitable. Because many fed. grant programs rely to some degree on population measures, shifts in population, inaccuracies in census counts, and methodological problems with population estimates can all affect the allocation of funds. This testimony discusses: how census data are used in the allocation of fed. formula grant funds; and how the structure of the formulas and other factors can affect those allocations. Illus.
Download or read book Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.
Download or read book Public Health Aspects of HIV AIDS in Low and Middle Income Countries written by David Celentano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-11 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has now been 25 years since the apocryphal report in the CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report dated June 5, 1981 entitled, “Pneumocystis Pneumonia - Los Angeles”, which announced what was to become HIV/AIDS. HIV has now affected virtually all countries that have looked for it and has had a devastating impact on the public health and medical care infrastructure around the world. HIV/AIDS has also disproportionately affected nations with the least capacity to confront it, especially the developing world nations in Sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and the emerging republics of Eastern and Central Asia. The pandemic, unlike any other disease of our time, has had profound impacts on the practice of public health itself: bringing affected communities into decision making; demanding North-South partnerships and collaborations; and changing the basic conduct of clinical and prevention trials research. While much has been written in scholarly publications for medical, epidemiologic and disease control specialists, there is no comprehensive review of the public health impact and response to HIV/AIDS in the developing world. This edited volume seeks to systematically describe the emergence and form of the epidemics (epidemiology), the social, community and political response, and the various measures to confront and control the epidemic, with varying levels of success. Of particular importance are strategies that appear to have been useful in ameliorating the epidemic, while contrasting the situation in a neighboring country or region where contrasting prevention or care initiatives have had a deleterious outcome. Common to all responses has been the international multi-sectoral response represented by the Global Fund for HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, and the Gates Foundation, among others, to promote HIV pharmacologic therapy in resource-poor settings. The chapter authors will explore the political challenges in meeting HIV/AIDS prevention and care in concert with the public health realities in specific country and regional context.
Download or read book Departments of Labor Health and Human Services Education and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2016 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Community and Public Health Nursing written by Rosanna DeMarco and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2023-10-06 with total page 1172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Utilizing evidence-based practice with a strong populations-focus to guide quality performance improvements, Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 4th Edition, delivers an approachable, up-to-date primer for confident nursing practice in community and public health settings. This engaging, highly visual text clarifies the link between data and clinical decision-making, training students to gather, assess, analyze, apply, and evaluate essential evidence for effective practice decisions and care planning while cultivating the critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills essential to applying the nursing process to populations rather than individuals. Enhanced throughout with updated content and learning tools, this new edition ensures complete preparation for the challenges students will encounter as they care for individuals, families, and groups in the community.
Download or read book Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development and Independent Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1993 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA-HUD-Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Community Nutrition written by Nweze Nnakwe and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2017-08-18 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Community Nutrition: Planning Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Third Edition provides students with the knowledge, skills, tools, and evidence-based approaches they need to assess, implement, and evaluate community-based nutrition interventions that promote health and prevent diseases.
Download or read book More Than a Home written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The near-universal standard for affordable housing requires that tenants pay no more than 30 percent of their income towards rent. In New York State, only one low-income housing program denies tenants this standard affordable housing protection -- the HIV/AIDS rental assistance program. Low-income people living with HIV/AIDS and their families in New York City's "independent living" rental assistance program are forced to pay upwards of 70 percent of their disability income towards rent, well above what is considered affordable housing or a sustainable rent share burden. As a result, hundreds of low-income New Yorkers living with HIV/AIDS are homeless and thousands more are on the brink of losing their homes. In addition, chronically ill people are forced to make difficult trade-offs between medical care, food and other essential needs in order to pay their rent each month. Many are unable to continue this difficult balancing act and become homeless, with all the risks to their health -- and to HIV prevention efforts -- that homelessness entails. Homelessness can be a virtual a death sentence for a person living with HIV/AIDS. It jeopardizes the success of other interventions to fight the HIV/AIDS epidemic, making it harder for people living with HIV/AIDS to adhere to medication and medical appointments, adopt proper nutrition, and practice safer sex and other forms of HIV prevention. A simple solution -- and one that has broad bi-partisan support in the state legislature -- is to ensure that homeless and formerly homeless people living with HIV/AIDS pay no more than 30 percent of their income towards their rent if they already qualify for rental assistance. This report outlines why this is not only humane and just, but also a highly effective public health intervention that will produce cost-savings for taxpayers.
Download or read book Transportation and Housing and Urban Development and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2012 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Community Public Health Nursing E Book written by Mary A. Nies and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2022-10-01 with total page 803 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the knowledge and skills you need to succeed in community health nursing! Community/Public Health Nursing, 8th Edition discusses the nurse’s role in population health promotion with a unique "upstream" preventive focus and a strong social justice approach, all in a concise, easy-to-read text. It shows how nurses can take an active role in social action and health policy — especially in caring for diverse and vulnerable population groups. This edition integrates the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model to help you prepare for the Next Generation NCLEX®. Clinical examples and photo novellas show how nursing concepts apply to the real world. Active Learning boxes test your knowledge of the content you’ve just read, helping provide clinical application and knowledge retention. UNIQUE! Social justice approach promotes health for all people, emphasizing society’s responsibility to protect all human life and ensure that all people have their basic needs met, such as adequate health protection. UNIQUE! Veterans’ Health chapter presents situations and considerations unique to the care of military veterans. Genetics in Public Health boxes reflect increasing scientific evidence supporting the health benefits of using genetic tests and family health history to guide public health interventions. UNIQUE! "Upstream" focus addresses contributing factors of poor health and promotes community efforts to address potential health problems before they occur. Case studies present the theory, concepts, and application of the nursing process in practical and manageable examples. UNIQUE! Photo novellas — stories in photograph form — show real-life clinical scenarios and highlight the application of important community/public health nursing roles. Consistent pedagogy at the beginning of each chapter includes learning objectives, key terms and chapter outlines to help you locate important information and focus your study time. Clinical Examples present snippets of real-life client situations. Theoretical frameworks common to nursing and public health aid in the application of familiar and new theory bases to problems and challenges in the community. Research Highlights introduce you to the growing amount of community/public health nursing research literature. Ethical Insights boxes present situations of ethical dilemmas or considerations pertinent to select chapter topics. NEW! Online case studies for the Next Generation NCLEX® Examination (NGN) provide you with the necessary tools to prepare for the NGN. NEW! Overview of the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model provides information on the latest recommendations to promote evidence-based client decisions. NEW! Healthy People 2030 boxes highlight the most current national health care goals and objectives throughout the text.
