Download or read book Commercial waxes edited by h bennett written by H. (editor) Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commercial Waxes Natural and Synthetic A Symposium and Compilation Edited by H Bennett written by Harry Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commercial Waxes Natural and Synthetic written by H. Bennett and published by Bennett Press. This book was released on 2008-11 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COMMERCIAL WAXES NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC- Including Properties, Uses, Methods of Handling and Formulas for Making Commercial Wax Compositions. A SYMPOSIUM AND COMPILATION Edited by H. BENNETT. PREFACE: Natural waxes and wax-lifle materials have been used, from time immemorial, for candles, waterproofing, sealing, decorative, preservative, and other purposes. Synthetic waxes and wax-like materials, developed in the last decade, are finding increasing use and are supplanting natural waxes for many purposes. Since different waxes have different properties, each one is used to obtain certain end results. Whereas certain waxes are used alone, as paraffin wax in waxed papers, other uses require com binations of different waxes, resins, etc., to obtain a desired result. Because there is no one source of information available on the waxes used in industry, the writer was asked to prepare a book on commercial waxes for the chemist, engineer, superin tendent, purchasing agent, and student. It is hoped that this book will be helpful to these and others who are interested in commercial waxes and wax compositions. Much of the data given herein is from the writer's own laboratory and has never been disclosed. Grateful acknowledgment is made to Allan B. Olsen, both for data supplied by him and his constructive criticism of the manuscript. H. BENNETT. Contents include: PREFACE iii INTRODUCTION xi ABBREVIATIONS xv I. NATURAL WAXES 1 Mineral Waxes 1 Paraffin Wax 1 Macrocrystalline Waxes 60 Petrolatum Wax 68 Ozokerite 68 Ceresin 71 Utah Wax 71 Montan Wax 72 Vegetable Waxes 73 Botanical Origin of Waxes 73 Solubility of Vegetable Waxes 74 Carnauba Wax 74 Candelilla Wax . . .: 77 Japan Wax 79 Ucuhuba Wax 80 Bayberry Wax 80 Ouricury Wax 81 Cocoa Butter 82 Fiber Wax 82 Cotton Wax 83 Flax Wax 84 Sugar Cane Wax 84 Animal Waxes 85 Spermaceti 85 v vi Table of Contents CHAPTER PAGE I. NATURAL WAXES ( Cont.): Insect Waxes 86 Beeswax 86 Chinese Wax 89 Shellac Wax 89 II. MANUFACTURED AND SYNTHETIC WAXES 91 Fatty Alcohols 91 Cetyl Alcohol 91 Lanette Wax 93 Technical Stearyl Alcohol 94 Fatty Acids 94 Stearic Acid 94 Palmitic Acid 97 Myristic Acid 98 Distilled Fatty Acids 99 Polyglycols 101 Carbowax 101 Polyhydric Alcohol Fatty Acid Esters 105 Glyceryl Stearates 105 Glycol Stearates 107 Sorbitol Stearates 110 Pentaerythritol Stearates Ill Pentawaxes Ill Hydrogenated Oils Ill Opalwax 112 Chlorinated Naphthalenes 117 Halowax 117 Seekay Wax 117 Acrawaxes 119 Acrawax B 120 Acrawax C 121 I. G. Waxes 123 Miscellaneous Synthetic Waxes 127 Albacer 128 Adheso Wax 128 Table of Contents vii CHAPTER PAGE II. MANUFACTURED AND SYNTHETIC ' WAXES ( Cont.): Miscellaneous Synthetic Waxes ( Cont.): B. Z. Wax A 129 Ceraflux ( Tech) 129 Diolin 129 Flexo Wax C 130 Gelowax 130 Glycowax A 131 Nipocer 131 Ozowax 132 Rezowax A 132 Rezowax B 132 Stroba Wax 133 Ketones, Amines, Amides, Nitriles 133 16-Hentriacontanone 133 Octadecyl-Hexadecyl Amine 135 Octadecylamine 135 CD Amides 136 Octadecanamide-Hexadecanamide 139 Octadecane nitrile 140 Octadecane-Hexadecane Nitrile 140 Santowaxes 141 Santowax OSA and Santowax PSA 148 Santowax R ( Regular) 148 III. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WAXES AND WAX COMPOSITIONS 153 IV. WAX TECHNOLOGY 233 Commercial Wax Solutions 253 Emulsions 261 V. WAXES IN INDUSTRY 267 Dental Waxes 267 Lipsticks 268.

Download or read book Commercial Waxes Second Edition written by H. Bennett and published by . This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents - PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION - PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION - INTRODUCTION - ABBREVIATIONS - 1. NATURAL WAXES - Mineral Waxes: Paraffin Wax; Microcrystalline Waxes; Petrolatum Wax; Ozokerite; Ceresin; Utah Wax; Montan Wax - Vegetable Waxes: Botanical Origin of Waxes - Solubility of Vegetable Waxes - Carnauba Wax - Flower Wax - First Wax - Medium Wax - Sandy Wax - Fat Wax - Candelilla Wax - Japan Wax - Ucuhuba Wax - 2. MANUFACTURED AND SYNTHETIC WAXES - Fatty Alcohols: Cetyl Alcohol; Lanette Wax; Technical Stearyl Alcohol - Fatty Acids: Stearic Acid; Palmitic Acid; Myristic Acid; Distilled Fatty Acids; Solubility of Fatty Acids - Polyglycols: Carbowaxes - Polyhydric Alcohol Fatty Acid Esters: Glyceryl Stearates - Glycol Fatty-Acid Esters - Sorbitol Stearates - Pentawaxes - Hydrogenated Oils: Opalwax - Chlorinated Naphthalenes: Halowax; Seekay Wax - Acrawaxes: Acrawax B; Acrawax C. - I. G. Waxes - Miscellaneous Synthetic Waxes - COMMERCIAL WAXES - Albacer - Diolin- Flexo Wax - C-Glyco Waxes- Stroba Wax - Ketones, Amines, Amides, and Nitriles- 16-Hentriacontanone - Octadecyl-Hexadecyl Amine - Octadecylamine- Armids- Octadecanamide-Hexadecanamide - Octadecane Nitrile-Octadecane-Hexadecane Nitrile - Santowaxes - Santowax R - Alcowaxes - Alcowax-M - Alcowax-G - 3. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WAXES AND WAX COMPOSITIONS - Increasing the Viscosity of Molten Waxes - Penetration - Surface Tension of Waxes - Adhesiveness - Increasing Compatibility - Raising the Melting Point of Waxes: Raising the Melting Point of Petrolatum - Effects of a Wax Sizing on the Moisture Absorption of Insulating Board - Pliolite-Paraffin Wax Compositions - Specific Heat of Petroleum Waxes - Melting Points of Binary Wax Mixtures - Solubility of Waxes: Solubility of Waxes in Different Solvents - Compatibility of Paraffin Waxes with Other Substances - Compatibility of Mixed Fatty Acids - Compounded Waxes - 4. WAX TECHNOLOGY - Adulteration - Quality Variations Simple Tests: Melting Point - Specific Gravity - Moisture and Insoluble Matter - Accurate Determination of Specific Gravity: Preparation of Sample - Determination of Specific Gravity at 25/25°C - Identification of Mixed Waxes: Schematic Outline for Identification - Separation and Comparison of the Properties of the Wax Components - Spermaceti - Beeswax - Carnauba Wax - Candelilla Wax - Montan Wax - Paraffin Wax - Ozokerite - 5. WAXES IN INDUSTRY - Dental Waxes: Method of Producing Base-Plate Wax - Lipsticks - Pharmaceutical Preparations - Embalming Preparations - Pyrotechnics - Candles: Wicks- Winding- Candle Sizes - Machinery - Wax Candles - Paraffin Candles - Temperature Control-Colors, Sizes, and Shapes - Standard Candle - Melting Point of Wax Mixtures - Congealing Point of Candles - Leather Finishes - Paper Finishes - Waterproofing Kraft Papers - Evaluation of Waxes for Paper Board: Stain and Flow Test at 130°F - Softening and Melting Point - Flexibility and Strength - Viscosity - Surface Tension - Permeability - Degree of Impregnation - Effect of Wax on the Strength of Board - Electrolyte Penetration Test - 6. GLOSSARY - SPECIAL TABLES AND SUBSTITUTES 7. WAX FORMULARY - Adhesives and Cements - Agricultural and Garden Specialties - Building Materials- Carbon Paper, Inks, and Crayons - Cosmetics and Medicinal Preparations - Dental Preparations - Emulsions - Full TOC available on Website

Download or read book Commercial Waxes Natural and Synthetic Including Properties Uses Methods of Handling and Formulas for Making Commercial Wax Compositions written by Harry Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commercial Waxes Natural and Synthetic Including Properties Uses Methods of Handling and Formulas written by Harry Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commercial Waxes written by Harry Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural waxes. Manufactured and synthetic. Physical properties of waxes and wax compositions. Wax technology. Waxes in industry. Tables and glossary. Was formulary.

Download or read book Commercial Waxes written by Harry Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commercial Waxes Natural and Synthetic written by H. Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Industrial Waxes Vol 2 Compounded Waxes and Technology written by H. Bennett and published by Chemical Publishing Company. This book was released on 1975-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents - PART 1. - COMPOUNDED WAXES - 1. GENERAL - Compatibility - Hardness - Melting Point - Penetration - Refractive Index - Solubility in Oil - Viscosity - 2. PARAFFIN WAX COMPOUNDS - 3. ETHYL CELLULOSE AND WAX MIXTURES - Compounding Ethyl Cellulose with Incompatible Substances - Methods of Preparing Mixtures of Waxes with Ethyl Cellulose - 4. COMPOSITIONS WITH RESINS AND RUBBER - Resin Wax Compositions - Compatibility of Varnish Resins with Waxes - Cumarone-Indene Resins and Wax Compositions - Methacrylate Resin Hot-Melt Blends - Microcrystalline Wax-Resin Blends - Wax-Rubber Compositions - 5. COMMERCIAL WAX ADDITIVES - PART 2 - WAX TECHNOLOGY - 6. TESTS AND TECHNIQUES - The Melting' Points of Waxes - Odor and Taste - Emulsions - Fluorescence of Waxes - Solubility of Waxes - Commercial Wax Solutions - Surface Tension of Waxes - Specific Gravity - Specific Heat of Petroleum Waxes - To Alter Properties of Paraffin Wax - Simple Tests - Identification of Mixed Waxes - Separation and Comparison of Properties - Detecting Wax Additives - Evaluation of Waxes for Paperboard - Determinations of Properties - Testing for Quality Control - Opacifying Waxes - Coloring Waxes - 7. INDUSTRIAL USES OF WAXES - Adhesives - Candles - Coatings - Cosmetics - Electrical Applications - Inks - Leather Goods - Paper Products - Pharmaceutical Preparations - Photomechanics - Plastics - Polishes - Pyrotechnics - Rubber - Textile Processing - Abbreviations - Alphabetic Listing of Trademark Products - Index -

Download or read book Industrial Reference Service written by and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 1166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commercial Waxes Natural and Synthetic Including Properties Uses Methods of Handling and Formulas for Making Commercial Wax Compositions written by Harry Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Industrial Waxes written by Harry Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Industrial Waxes Vol 1 Natural and Synthetic Waxes written by H. Bennett and published by Chemical Publishing Company. This book was released on 1963-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents - Introduction - Abbreviations - PART 1. NATURAL WAXES - 1. PARAFFIN WAX - Occurrence in Nature - Composition of Petroleum - Grades of Paraffin Wax - Manufacture of Paraffin Waxes - Composition of Paraffin Waxes - Properties of Paraffin Waxes - Wax-Oil Mixtures - Miscellaneous Data - Physical Properties of Some Commercial Waxes - 2. MICROCRYSTALLINE WAXES - Differences Between Microcrystalline and Paraffin Waxes - Fractional Crystallization of Petroleum Waxes - Properties of Microcrystalline Waxes - Oxidized Microcrystalline Waxes - Petrolatum - Uses of Microcrystalline Waxes - Miscellaneous Data - Properties of Some Commercial Microcrystalline Waxes - 3. OTHER MINERAL WAXES - Montan Wax - Lignite Wax - Ozocerite - Ceresin - Utah Wax - Peat Wax - 4. VEGETABLE WAXES - Bayberry - Candelilla - Carnauba - Cotton - Esparto - Fir - Japan - Ouricury - Palm - Rice-Oil - Sugar Cane - Ucuhuba - Cocoa Butter - 5. ANIMAL WAXES - Beeswax - Chinese Wax - Shellac Wax - Spermaceti - Wool Wax - PART 2. : SYNTHETIC WAXES 6. FATTY ALCOHOLS AND ACID - Cetyl Alcohol - Lanette Wax - Stearyl Alcohol - Stearic Acid - Palmitic Acid - Myristic Acid - 7. FATTY ACID ESTERS AND GLYCERIDES - Glyceryl Stearates - Glycol Fatty-Acid Stearates - Sorbitol Stearates - Polyethylene Glycol Stearates - Properties of Selected Commercial Products - 8. HYDROGENATED OILS - Properties of Selected Commercial Products - 9. KETONES, AMINES, AMIDES - Stearone, Laurone - Aliphatic Amines - Aliphatic Amides - Properties of Some Commercial Products - 10. CHLORONAPHTHALENES - 11. SYNTHETIC MINERAL WAXES - Fisher-Tropsch Waxes - Duroxon Waxes - 12. SYNTHETIC ANIMAL WAXES - Synthetic Beeswax - Modified Spermaceti Waxes - Modified Lanolin Waxes - 13. MISCELLANEOUS SYNTHETIC WAXES - Oxazoline - Experimental Waxes -

Download or read book World Trade in Commodities written by United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 1168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalog of Copyright Entries New Series written by Library of Congress. Copyright Office and published by Copyright Office, Library of Congress. This book was released on 1945 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes Part 1, Books, Group 1, Nos. 1-12 (1945)

Download or read book Natural and Synthetic Waxes written by Ernst Krendlinger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-01-10 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural and Synthetic Waxes A compilation of all relevant information for the production and use of waxes in technical applications Waxes are among the oldest organic substances used by mankind. Before all others, beeswax is known to have played a role in human history for thousands of years. But over time, many other wax species have been detected and exploited, and prepared for different utilizations. Today, we possess knowledge of a great variety of different types of waxes. Unfortunately, there still is no broadly accepted definition of a wax: for the relatively few wax chemists, waxes are usually defined by their physico-chemical properties more than by their chemical constitution. Waxes are not uniform but oligomeric and polymeric substances, not simply describable with a chemical formula. The realm of waxes encompasses fully or partly natural, refined, partly or fully synthetic products, which can be extended by “wax-like” products which do not fulfil all definition criteria. Waxes are offered in different forms like pellets, granules, powders, or micropowders. Their number of technical applications runs into thousands. However, waxes in most cases are just adjuvants or additives, and with few exceptions like candles not known to a broader public. Only few publications over the last decades tried to present a more comprehensive overview of heir chemistry, chemical composition, their physical and analytical properties, their applications, and their sometimes astonishing history. Based on personal experience and expertise, the authors intend to present an overview on the main classes of waxes, their origin, history, future, and potential fate. Economical aspects like market size and development, ecological impacts and challenges, and regulatory issues are also addressed. Waxes are indispensable products in everyday life and in industry and technology, though mostly not even visible or distinguishable to experts. They deserve more than the role of a “poor cousin” in chemistry and technology.