Download or read book Combining Modeling and Observations to Better Understand Marine Ecosystem Dynamics written by Enrique N. Curchitser and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Real time Coastal Observing Systems for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics and Harmful Algal Blooms written by Babin, Marcel and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proliferation of harmful phytoplankton in marine ecosystems can cause massive fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, impact local and regional economies and dramatically affect ecological balance. Real-time observations are essential for effective short-term operational forecasting, but observation and modelling systems are still being developed. This volume provides guidance for developing real-time and near real-time sensing systems for observing and predicting plankton dynamics, including harmful algal blooms, in coastal waters. The underlying theory is explained and current trends in research and monitoring are discussed.Topics covered include: coastal ecosystems and dynamics of harmful algal blooms; theory and practical applications of in situ and remotely sensed optical detection of microalgal distributions and composition; theory and practical applications of in situ biological and chemical sensors for targeted species and toxin detection; integrated observing systems and platforms for detection; diagnostic and predictive modelling of ecosystems and harmful algal blooms, including data assimilation techniques; observational needs for the public and government; and future directions for research and operations.

Download or read book Integration of Observations and Models for an Improved Understanding of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics written by Angela M. Kuhn Córdova and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While both observational and modelling approaches can improve our understanding of ocean ecology, each type of approach has intrinsic limitations. Direct observations have limited temporal/spatial coverage and many quantities are not easily measured. Models rely on assumptions and parameters that are not always based on direct observation. My thesis research systematically combines observations and models through the use of parameter optimization, and further investigates model behavior with the help of sensitivity analyses and hypothesis-oriented experiments. I apply the optimization formalism in three case studies that revisit paradigms in biological oceanography including drivers of the phytoplankton spring bloom, the importance of trophic interactions in determining rates of primary production, and the biogeochemical role of nitrogen-fixing organisms. The first case study juxtaposes bottom-up and top-down hypotheses to explain the initiation of the phytoplankton spring bloom. Realistic and idealized model simulations reveal that the conceptual bases of both hypotheses are ecological truisms. A spring bloom can develop in the absence of mixed layer fluctuations, and both its magnitude and timing are strongly dependent on nutrient and light availability. Changes in zooplankton grazing modulate phytoplankton biomass but do not produce significant shifts to explain bloom initiation. In the second case study, I compare ecosystem models of different trophic complexity. I found that models of low complexity can accurately respond to bottom-up drivers of phytoplankton phenology; however, aspects like the spring bloom termination, accurate simulation of primary production, and partitioning of nitrogen cycling pathways require a higher degree of complexity that is insufficiently constrained by presently available observations. In the third case study, I demonstrate that the inclusion of specific planktonic traits, such as heterotrophic diazotrophy, is necessary to explain biogeochemical characteristics at certain geographical locations. Despite the regional scope of these study cases, my conclusions provide insights that can be extrapolated to large-scale applications.

Download or read book Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Models Construction Application And Development written by Honghua Shi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-09-13 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the fundamental theories, methodologies and case studies of marine ecosystem modeling with a special focus on marine ecological dynamics that could provide scientists and researchers with a stabile and reliabile technical framework to study marine life and their developments.This book also clarifies the research objective and model classification methods of marine ecosystem dynamics research and analyzes the key marine ecological processes that affect modeling. The technical framework for improving the performance of modeling is also proposed, and the latest progress in research, as well as existing difficulties and challenges in end-to-end dynamics models are reviewed and analyzed. A dimensionality reduction theorem is established and derived for analyzing the stability of the solutions of a class of self-conserving marine ecosystem dynamic models. Also included in this work are several new types of marine ecosystem dynamics models constructed by modern computing methods — including artificial neural networks, cellular automata, and statistical dynamics — and case studies.This book is a suitable reference for professional and technical personnel, managers and graduate students specializing in the evolution mechanism, simulation, predication and regulation of marine ecosystems.

Download or read book Marine Ecosystems and Global Change written by John G. Field and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2010-02-11 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global changes, including climate change and intensive fishing, are having significant impacts on the world's oceans. This book advances knowledge of the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems and their major sub-systems, and how they respond to physical forcing.

Download or read book Modeling Methods for Marine Science written by David M. Glover and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-02 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook on modeling, data analysis and numerical techniques for marine science has been developed from a course taught by the authors for many years at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute. The first part covers statistics: singular value decomposition, error propagation, least squares regression, principal component analysis, time series analysis and objective interpolation. The second part deals with modeling techniques: finite differences, stability analysis and optimization. The third part describes case studies of actual ocean models of ever increasing dimensionality and complexity, starting with zero-dimensional models and finishing with three-dimensional general circulation models. Throughout the book hands-on computational examples are introduced using the MATLAB programming language and the principles of scientific visualization are emphasised. Ideal as a textbook for advanced students of oceanography on courses in data analysis and numerical modeling, the book is also an invaluable resource for a broad range of scientists undertaking modeling in chemical, biological, geological and physical oceanography.

Download or read book Ocean Mixing written by Michael Meredith and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Mixing: Drivers, Mechanisms and Impacts presents a broad panorama of one of the most rapidly-developing areas of marine science. It highlights the state-of-the-art concerning knowledge of the causes of ocean mixing, and a perspective on the implications for ocean circulation, climate, biogeochemistry and the marine ecosystem. This edited volume places a particular emphasis on elucidating the key future questions relating to ocean mixing, and emerging ideas and activities to address them, including innovative technology developments and advances in methodology. Ocean Mixing is a key reference for those entering the field, and for those seeking a comprehensive overview of how the key current issues are being addressed and what the priorities for future research are. Each chapter is written by established leaders in ocean mixing research; the volume is thus suitable for those seeking specific detailed information on sub-topics, as well as those seeking a broad synopsis of current understanding. It provides useful ammunition for those pursuing funding for specific future research campaigns, by being an authoritative source concerning key scientific goals in the short, medium and long term. Additionally, the chapters contain bespoke and informative graphics that can be used in teaching and science communication to convey the complex concepts and phenomena in easily accessible ways. Presents a coherent overview of the state-of-the-art research concerning ocean mixing Provides an in-depth discussion of how ocean mixing impacts all scales of the planetary system Includes elucidation of the grand challenges in ocean mixing, and how they might be addressed

Download or read book Fostering Internationalism through Marine Science written by Sara Tjossem and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-01 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the work of the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) since its launch 1992. Mapping the evolution of its agenda gives insight into the development of modern marine science in the context of competing demands of stakeholders within and outside the organization. The opening chapter consider the challenges of marine science as a large scale, and places PICES in the contexts of internationalism and science-based resource management. They also lay out the organization’s longstanding focus on the development of climate science and its applications. Subsequent chapters explore the pros and cons of national vs. international science, negotiating the nature of investigation and cooperation across scientific, political and institutional boundaries in the region; national perspectives on purpose, scope, and mandates; assessing two major initiatives undertaken to date; the challenges of incorporating social science into an organization of mainly natural scientists.

Download or read book Introduction to the Modelling of Marine Ecosystems written by W. Fennel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-08-24 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modelling of marine ecosystems is a rapidly developing branch of interdisciplinary oceanographic research. Introduction to the Modelling of Marine Ecosystems is the first consistent and comprehensive introduction to the development of models of marine ecosystems. It begins with simple first steps of modelling and develops more and more complex models. This step-by-step approach to increasing the complexity of the models is intended to allow students of biological oceanography and interested scientists with only limited experience in mathematical modelling to explore the theoretical framework and familiarize oneself with the methods. The book describes how biological model components can be integrated into three dimensional circulation models and how such models can be used for 'numerical experiments'. The book illustrates the mathematical aspects of modelling and gives application examples. The tutorial aspect of the book is supported by a set of MATLAB programs, which are provided on an accompanying CD-Rom and which can be used to reproduce many of the results presented in the book. Also available in paperback, ISBN 0-444-51704-9

Download or read book Managing for the Future Understanding the Relative Roles of Climate and Fishing on Structure and Dynamics of Marine Ecosystems written by Alida Bundy and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-29 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Marine Ecosystems written by André Monaco and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-02 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a perspective of sustainable management, the balance between ecological dynamics, social and economic are now at the heart of ecological modeling and environmental strategies screenwriting. Diversity and marine ecosystems function illustrates biodiversity, habitat diversity, structures and food webs in various oceans of the world and systems: pelagic and benthic ecosystems, coral reefs and seagrass beds, oasis of hydrothermal vents ridges or areas rich upwelling. Appropriate observation methods, long-term monitoring and modeling reveal the complexity of systems, trophic interactions and spatiotemporal dynamics. The ecosystem approach is a prerequisite to assess the state of these systems, their living resources and ecological services involved in local and global environmental changes.

Download or read book Dynamics of Marine Ecosystems written by K. H. Mann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-16 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this widely respected text providescomprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the effects ofbiological–physical interactions in the oceans from themicroscopic to the global scale. considers the influence of physical forcing on biologicalprocesses in a wide range of marine habitats including coastalestuaries, shelf-break fronts, major ocean gyres, coral reefs,coastal upwelling areas, and the equatorial upwelling system investigates recent significant developments in this rapidlyadvancing field includes new research suggesting that long-term variability inthe global atmospheric circulation affects the circulation of oceanbasins, which in turn brings about major changes in fish stocks.This discovery opens up the exciting possibility of being able topredict major changes in global fish stocks written in an accessible, lucid style, this textbook isessential reading for upper-level undergraduates and graduatestudents studying marine ecology and biological oceanography

Download or read book Thriving on Our Changing Planet A Decadal Strategy for Earth Observation from Space written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live on a dynamic Earth shaped by both natural processes and the impacts of humans on their environment. It is in our collective interest to observe and understand our planet, and to predict future behavior to the extent possible, in order to effectively manage resources, successfully respond to threats from natural and human-induced environmental change, and capitalize on the opportunities â€" social, economic, security, and more â€" that such knowledge can bring. By continuously monitoring and exploring Earth, developing a deep understanding of its evolving behavior, and characterizing the processes that shape and reshape the environment in which we live, we not only advance knowledge and basic discovery about our planet, but we further develop the foundation upon which benefits to society are built. Thriving on Our Changing Planet: A Decadal Strategy for Earth Observation from Space (National Academies Press, 2018) provides detailed guidance on how relevant federal agencies can ensure that the United States receives the maximum benefit from its investments in Earth observations from space, while operating within realistic cost constraints. This short booklet, designed to be accessible to the general public, provides a summary of the key ideas and recommendations from the full decadal survey report.

Download or read book Frontiers in Understanding Climate Change and Polar Ecosystems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-02 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The polar regions are experiencing rapid changes in climate. These changes are causing observable ecological impacts of various types and degrees of severity at all ecosystem levels, including society. Even larger changes and more significant impacts are anticipated. As species respond to changing environments over time, their interactions with the physical world and other organisms can also change. This chain of interactions can trigger cascades of impacts throughout entire ecosystems. Evaluating the interrelated physical, chemical, biological, and societal components of polar ecosystems is essential to understanding their vulnerability and resilience to climate forcing. The Polar Research Board (PRB) organized a workshop to address these issues. Experts gathered from a variety of disciplines with knowledge of both the Arctic and Antarctic regions. Participants were challenged to consider what is currently known about climate change and polar ecosystems and to identify the next big questions in the field. A set of interdisciplinary "frontier questions" emerged from the workshop discussions as important topics to be addressed in the coming decades. To begin to address these questions, workshop participants discussed the need for holistic, interdisciplinary systems approach to understanding polar ecosystem responses to climate change. As an outcome of the workshop, participants brainstormed methods and technologies that are crucial to advance the understanding of polar ecosystems and to promote the next generation of polar research. These include new and emerging technologies, sustained long-term observations, data synthesis and management, and data dissemination and outreach.

Download or read book Ocean Weather Forecasting written by Eric P. Chassignet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-08 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers a wide range of topics and summarizes our present knowledge in ocean modeling, ocean observing systems, and data assimilation. The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) provides a framework for these efforts: a global system of observations, communications, modeling, and assimilation that will deliver regular, comprehensive information on the state of the oceans, engendering wide utility and availability for maximum benefit to the community.

Download or read book Marine Ecosystems written by Antonio Cruzado and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-02 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine ecosystems, a very wide topic, includes many different processes, groups of organisms and geographical peculiarities. The objective of this book is to present various topics of great importance for understanding the marine ecosystems, what they are, how they work and how we can model them in order to forecast their behaviour under changing conditions. They have been thoroughly reviewed and accepted for publication. The chapters cover aspects such as: Threats to ultraoligotrophic marine ecosystems (Ch. 1); Modelling the pelagic ecosystem dynamics: the NW Mediterranean (Ch. 2); The marine ecosystem of the Sub-antarctic, Prince Edward Islands (Ch. 3); Meiofauna as a tool for marine ecosystem biomonitoring (Ch. 4); Chemical interactions in Antarctic marine benthic ecosystems (Ch. 5); An Interdisciplinary Approach on Erosion Mitigation for Coral Reef Protection- A Case Study from the Eastern Caribbean (Ch. 6); A revisit to the evolution and ecophysiology of the Labyrinthulomycetes (Ch. 7); Seabed mapping and marine spatial planning: a case-study from a Swedish marine protected area (Ch. 8); Management strategies to limit the impact of bottom trawling on VMEs in the High Seas of the SW Atlantic (Ch. 9); Hydrocarbon contamination and the swimming behavior of the estuarine copepod Eurytemora affinis (Ch. 10), and Interactions between marine ecosystems and tourism on the Adriatic and Mediterranean (Ch. 11).

Download or read book Modeling the Plankton Enhancing the Integration of Biological Knowledge and Mechanistic Understanding written by Christian Lindemann and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-12-28 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In light of climate change and allied changes to marine ecosystems, mathematical models have become an important tool to examine processes and predict phenomena from local through to global scales. In recent years model studies, laboratory experiments and a better ecological understanding of the pelagic ecosystem have enabled advancements on fundamental challenges in oceanography, including marine production, biodiversity and anticipation of future conditions in the ocean. This research topic presents a number of studies that investigate functionally diverse organism in a dynamic ocean through diverse and novel modeling approaches.