Download or read book Colombian Peace Process Likely to Succeed written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 2 October 2016, Colombians voted on a referendum to "end the conflict and establish stable and enduring peace" between Las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, FARC, and Colombia's democratic government. The referendum was rejected by a narrow margin--49.8% of voters in favor of the peace deal and 50.2% opposed. Following the referendum several terms were revised and the peace accord was approved by Colombian Congress on 30 November 2016. Now, the transition to peace begins. Structured Analytic Techniques including Analysis of Competing Hypotheses, Scenario Generation, and Red Team Analysis support the conclusion that the Colombian peace process will likely be successful in the near future following an immediate period of increased threat from armed actors. Colombia and FARC have remained dedicated to establishing peace within the country since 2012 and the Colombian government's priority at present is to counter threats to disrupt the post-conflict transition from armed actors including opposing paramilitary groups and criminal organizations known as BACRIMs. The peace process is likely to be successful in the long run as Colombia focuses on reestablishing its presence and providing access to basic services including education and healthcare for rural Colombian citizens. US assistance to Colombia during the post-conflict transition will help ensure success of the peace process in the long run.
Download or read book The Colombian Peace Agreement written by Jorge Luis Fabra-Zamora and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-04-28 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first systematic, interdisciplinary examination of the peace agreement signed between the Colombian Government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia to end one of the largest and most violent conflicts in the Western Hemisphere. It discusses the achievements, failures, and challenges of this innovative peace agreement and its implications for Colombia’s future. Contributors include negotiators of the Agreement, judges of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace, representatives of the civil society, and leading academic experts in peace studies, human rights, international law, criminal law, transitional justice, political science, and philosophy. Based on the premise that peace is a form of transferable social knowledge, and therefore necessitates transformative social learning, the volume also discusses what other countries can learn from the Colombian experience. This book will be of much interest to students of peace and conflict studies, transitional justice, Latin American politics, human rights, civil wars and International Relations.
Download or read book Innovations in the Colombian Peace Process written by Kristian Herbolzheimer and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia insurgents are about to reach a comprehensive peace agreement after almost four years of peace negotiations in Havana. This agreement is a major milestone in the process of settling one of the world's most protracted and violent conflicts. At a time of unprecedented humanitarian crisis, Colombia is becoming a global reference for identifying political solutions to apparently intractable conflicts. In their third major attempt in five decades to reach a negotiated solution to the conflict, the parties to the conflict have taken stock of both their own past failures and lessons learned from other peace processes. In doing so they have developed innovative frameworks and approaches, e.g. a clear procedural distinction between peace negotiations and the peace process; positioning the rights of the victims at the centre of the talks; addressing the structural problem of rural development; creating a Gender Subcommission; and planning for implementation long before the agreement is signed. This report describes these innovations and other developments leading up to the widely predicted peace agreement that might be relevant to peace processes elsewhere.
Download or read book Peace Talks in Colombia written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2015-02-06 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In August 2012, Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos announced that the government was engaged in exploratory peace talks with the violent leftist insurgent group, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), in a bid to resolve a nearly 50-year internal armed conflict. The secret, initial dialogue between the Santos government and the FARC's leadership led to the opening of formal peace talks with the FARC—the oldest, largest, and best financed guerrilla organization in Latin America. The formal talks began in Oslo, Norway, in October 2012 and then, as planned, moved to Havana, Cuba, where they have continued for more than 30 rounds. The talks between the government and FARC are the first in a decade and the fourth effort in the last 30 years. Some observers maintain that conditions are the most attractive to date for both sides to negotiate a peace settlement rather than continuing to fight. It now appears that the Santos Administration anticipated the peace initiative by proposing several legislative reforms enacted in the first two years of its first term (2010-2012), including a law to restitute victims of the conflict and a “peace framework” law. In addition, the warming of relations with neighboring countries such as Ecuador and Venezuela since President Santos took office in August 2010 also helped lay the groundwork for the peace process. Venezuela, Chile, Cuba, and Norway have actively supported the process, which has been lauded by most countries in the region. Congress remains deeply interested in the political future of Colombia, as it has become one of the United States' closest allies in Latin America. Congress has expressed that interest by its continued investment in Colombia's security and stability. Over the years, the U.S.-Colombian relationship has broadened from counternarcotics to include humanitarian concerns; justice reform and human rights; and economic development, investment, and trade. However, Colombia is and has long been a major source country of cocaine and heroin, and drug trafficking has helped to perpetuate civil conflict in the country by funding both left-wing and right-wing armed groups. Colombia, in close collaboration with the United States, through a broad strategy known as Plan Colombia begun more than 14 years ago, has made significant progress in reestablishing government control over much of its territory, combatting drug trafficking and terrorist activities, and reducing poverty. Between FY2000 and FY2015, the U.S. Congress appropriated nearly $10 billion in assistance to carry out Plan Colombia and its follow-on strategies. Since the formal peace talks were announced, the White House and U.S. State Department have issued several statements endorsing the FARC-government peace process. While the United States has no formal role in the talks, its close partnership with Colombia, forged initially around counternarcotics and counterterrorism cooperation, makes the outcome of the talks significant for U.S. interests and policy in Latin America. Successful conclusion of the peace talks—and a potential agreement—may affect the U.S.-Colombia relationship in such areas as U.S. foreign assistance and regional relations.
Download or read book Colombia s Peace Process written by Emily Manning and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rebelocracy written by Ana Arjona and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-07 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional wisdom portrays war zones as chaotic and anarchic. In reality, however, they are often orderly. This work introduces a new phenomenon in the study of civil war: wartime social order. It investigates theoretically and empirically the emergence and functioning of social order in conflict zones. By theorizing the interaction between combatants and civilians and how they impact wartime institutions, the study delves into rebel behavior, civilian agency and their impact on the conduct of war. Based on years of fieldwork in Colombia, the theory is tested with qualitative and quantitative evidence on communities, armed groups, and individuals in conflict zones. The study shows how armed groups strive to rule civilians, and how the latter influence the terms of that rule. The theory and empirical results illuminate our understanding of civil war, institutions, local governance, non-violent resistance, and the emergence of political order.
Download or read book Human Rights in the Americas written by María Herrera-Sobek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This interdisciplinary book explores human rights in the Americas from multiple perspectives and fields. Taking 1492 as a point of departure, the text explores Eurocentric historiographies of human rights and offer a more complete understanding of the genealogy of the human rights discourse and its many manifestations in the Americas"--
Download or read book Factoring the Economy Into Colombia s Peace Agreement written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A violent conflict between the state and a series of communist-leaning guerrilla groups intent on agrarian reform has devastated Colombia for the last seven decades. The war began because of the unequal ownership of land, in part a legacy of the Spanish colonial past. There was also the abyss between urban areas (particularly the capital Bogotá and other cities with significant levels of development) and rural areas (largely abandoned by the state and controlled by local landowners). Starting in the 1970s, drug trafficking grew, until it became an economic activity that began to absorb politicians, guerrillas, and other sectors of society. 'Narcopolitics' fostered corruption and violence in various forms, increasing human rights violations, inequality, and poverty. The peace agreement signed by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the government of President Juan Manuel Santos, in 2016, addressed drug trafficking and rural underdevelopment, among other issues. A series of measures were agreed upon to modernize the agrarian sector, return land to communities that had been expelled during the war years, and to prosecute intermediaries in the illicit drug production and marketing chain. The Peace Agreement has been successful in disarming the FARC and establishing a creative transitional justice mechanism. But five years after the peace was signed, agreements on rural reform, the return of land and the resolution of the drug problem have not been delivered. This is largely due to the lack of political will in the government of Iván Duque, Santos' successor. Duque explicitly rejected the Agreement, trying to limit it to the disarmament of the FARC. The economic structure of the country and a strong neoliberal policy have also worked strongly against the implementation of the Agreement. Despite its innovative design, the Colombian Peace Agreement, to be successful, would have needed a pact between different political, economic, and social forces, and the international donor community. This would have created a 'security circle' to protect it both from political changes and from attacks by sectors that consider that the Agreement would make them lose their privileges.
Download or read book Truth Justice and Reconciliation in Colombia written by Fabio Andres Diaz Pabon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-11 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The signing of the peace agreements between the FARC-EP and the Colombian Government in late November 2016 has generated new prospects for peace in Colombia, opening the possibility of redressing the harm inflicted on Colombians by Colombians. Talking about peace and transitional justice requires us to think about how to operationalize peace agreements to promote justice and coexistence for peace. This volume brings together reflections by Colombian academics and practitioners alongside pieces provided by researchers and practitioners in other countries where transitional justice initiatives have taken place (Bosnia and Herzegovina, South Africa, Sri Lanka and Peru). This volume has been written in the south, by the south, for the south. The book engages with the challenges ahead for the coming generations of Colombians. Rivers of ink have dealt with the end goals of transitional justice, but victims require us to take the quest for human rights beyond the normative realm of theorizing justice and into the practical realm of engaging how to implement justice initiatives. The tension between theory—the legislative frameworks guaranteeing human rights—and practice—the realization of these ideas—will frame Colombia’s success (or failure) in consolidating the implementation of the peace agreements with the FARC-EP.
Download or read book Achieving Peace in Northern Mali written by Stephanie Pezard and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2015-04-28 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the prospects for stabilization in Mali following the political and military crisis that began in 2012. To this end, it examines Mali’s peace settlements since the early 1990s to identify flaws and successes. The report also explores whether Mali’s neighbor Niger owes its current stability to a more favorable context, shrewd policies, or sheer luck, and whether it might offer a model of resilience for Mali.
Download or read book Marketing Peace for Social Transformation and Global Prosperity written by Nedelea, Alexandru-Mircea and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: War and conflict continually plague many nations around the world and have led to mass causalities, a shortage of resources, and political turmoil. To eradicate this ongoing issue, individuals, companies, and governments need to establish a fundamental change in the distribution of the world’s assets, resources, and ideals. Marketing Peace for Social Transformation and Global Prosperity is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the development of programs and campaigns destined to impose and sustain ideas that lead to conflict resolution. Through analyzing and proposing various peace marketing campaigns, it showcases how individuals and corporations can employ various tactics to enhance and achieve political, social, and individual peace and promote the sustainability of resources and education. Highlighting topics such as civic engagement, conflict management, and symbolism, this book is ideally designed for policymakers, business leaders, professionals, theorists, researchers, and students.
Download or read book As War Ends written by James Meernik and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-25 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades a bitter civil war between the Colombia government and armed insurgent groups tore apart Colombian society. After protracted negotiations in Havana, a peace agreement was accepted by the Colombian government and the FARC rebel group in 2016. This volume will provide academics and practitioners throughout the world with critical analyses regarding what we know generally about the post-war peace building process and how this can be applied to the specifics of the Colombian case to assist in the design and implementation of post-war peace building programs and policies. This unique group of Colombian and international scholars comment on critical aspects of the peace process in Colombia, transitional justice mechanisms, the role of state and non-state actors at the national and local levels, and examine what the Colombian case reveals about traditional theories and approaches to peace and transitional justice.
Download or read book A Great Perhaps written by Dickie Davis and published by Hurst & Company. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No country has managed as rapid and positive a turnaround in governance and security conditions this century as Colombia. In 1999, FARC and ELN rebels were literally at the gates of Bogotá, and Colombia was a country synonymous with the antics of Pablo Escobar, known primarily for rapacious corruption, weak government, drug smuggling and criminality. Fifteen years later the guerrillas, seriously weakened, have been persuaded to attend peace talks in Havana, and the Colombian economy had been a top performer in Latin America. [...] Based on field-work in Colombia’s regions, the study provides a history of the conflict, compares it to other historical and contemporary case-studies, examines the war from the perspectives of the government and the guerrillas, delves into the development of special Colombian capabilities (notably in intelligence and the use of airpower and special forces), and explains the economic dimension in terms both of historical exclusion and ongoing attempts at growth and inclusion. Finally, it concludes with an assessment of the country’s prospects: can the combination of improved security, a flourishing economy and the peace process offer an opportunity to finally translate Colombia from, in Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s words, ‘a great perhaps’ into something more permanent? -- Publisher description.
Download or read book International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-07 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the Cold War has changed the shape of organized violence in the world and the ways in which governments and others try to set its limits. Even the concept of international conflict is broadening to include ethnic conflicts and other kinds of violence within national borders that may affect international peace and security. What is not yet clear is whether or how these changes alter the way actors on the world scene should deal with conflict: Do the old methods still work? Are there new tools that could work better? How do old and new methods relate to each other? International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War critically examines evidence on the effectiveness of a dozen approaches to managing or resolving conflict in the world to develop insights for conflict resolution practitioners. It considers recent applications of familiar conflict management strategies, such as the use of threats of force, economic sanctions, and negotiation. It presents the first systematic assessments of the usefulness of some less familiar approaches to conflict resolution, including truth commissions, "engineered" electoral systems, autonomy arrangements, and regional organizations. It also opens up analysis of emerging issues, such as the dilemmas facing humanitarian organizations in complex emergencies. This book offers numerous practical insights and raises key questions for research on conflict resolution in a transforming world system.
Download or read book El Salvador written by Margarita S. Studemeister and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Elusive Justice written by Donny Meertens and published by University of Wisconsin Press. This book was released on 2019-11-26 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reclaiming Everyday Peace written by Pamina Firchow and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the Everyday Peace Indicators as a measurement, diagnostic and evaluation tool and makes an argument for its utility in conflict affected contexts.
