Download or read book Colborne Ontario and Area in Colour Photos Saving Our History One Photo at a Time written by Barbara Raue and published by Cruising Ontario. This book was released on 2019-02-12 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cramahe Township was established in 1792. Joseph Abbott Keeler, son of the first settler of Cramahe Township, founded the village of Colborne in 1815 when he opened the first store and post office. He had the village surveyed, laid out the public square and donated the land.Joseph Keeler (1770-1839) was the first settler who landed on the shores of Cramahe Township with forty United Empire Loyalist families from Rutland, Vermont. Keeler, his son Joseph Abbott Keeler (1788-1855) and his grandson Joseph Keeler (1824-1881) were instrumental in establishing the settlements at Lakeport, Colborne and Castleton.A store established in Colborne in about 1819 by Joseph Keeler provided the nucleus around which a small community began to develop. Within ten years, a distillery and a blacksmith's shop had been erected. Colborne was named after Lieutenant Governor Sir John Colborne. With the establishment of a harbor nearby for the shipment of lumber and grain, Colborne prospered. By 1846, it contained a foundry, a pottery, six stores, three churches, tradesmen and artisans, and about four hundred residents. The arrival of the Grand Trunk Railway in 1856, spurred further growth.In 2001, Colborne and Cramahe Township were amalgamated as part of municipal restructuring to form an expanded Township of Cramahe.Colborne is the home of the Big Apple, a tourist attraction located along Highway 401. The Big Apple is 10.7 meters (35 feet) tall and has a diameter of 11.6 meters (38 feet) - the largest apple in the world. There is an observation deck on top of the apple, a restaurant and a store to buy all your apple treats.

Download or read book Sampler Book 8 Ontario in Colour Photos Saving Our History One Photo at a Time written by Barbara Raue and published by Sampler Cruising Ontario. This book was released on 2018-09-30 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each photo I take that precedes a demolition, or a natural disaster such as a tornado or a fire, is meeting this aim of mine of Saving Our History One Photo at a Time. There are more than 100 towns already photographed which you can visit without moving from your comfortable chair in your living room. Think about what it was like in those by-gone days. Imagine what it was like to live in a mansion like one of these. Sampler Book 8 includes pictures from the following places: Belleville, Port Colborne, Erin, Goderich and Owen Sound. All the photos in this book have been taken with my cameras. I own the rights to them. I only submit content for which I do have the exclusive publishing rights.

Download or read book Port Colborne Ontario Book 1 in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-08-09 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Port Colborne is a city on Lake Erie, at the southern end of the Welland Canal. The original settlement, known as Gravelly Bay after the shallow, bedrock-floored bay upon which it sits, dates from 1832 and was renamed after Sir John Colborne, a British war hero and the Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada at the time of the opening of the southern terminus of the First Welland Canal in 1833 when it was extended to reach Lake Erie. During the 1880s, American tourists from the southern states began building vacation homes on the lakeshore of the western edge of the town. Before long, an entire gated community of vacationers from the south called Port Colborne their home during the summer months. Today, the picturesque street of Tennessee Avenue is still home to many of these original vacation homes and buildings, as well as the original stone and wrought iron resort gates. The street boasts some immaculately maintained examples of late 19th and early 20th century Southern architecture. The Welland Canal was originally established as a solution to summer water shortages that plagued a grist mill operation near St. Catharines. William Hamilton Merritt, the mill owner, diverted water from the Welland River into Twelve Mile Creek. He wanted to make the channel deep enough to allow boats to pass through a series of locks down the escarpment into Twelve Mile Creek and on to Lake Ontario. The International Nickel Company (now Vale) has been one of the city's main employers since the opening of a refinery in 1918. Taking advantage of inexpensive hydroelectricity from generating stations at nearby Niagara Falls, the refinery produced electro-refined nickel for the war effort, and continues in operation today. Port Colborne was one of the hardest hit communities during the blizzard of 1977. Thousands of people were stranded when the city was paralyzed during the storm. Maritime commerce, including supplying goods to the camps for the laborers who worked on the first canal, ship repair and the provisioning trade, was, and still is, an important part of Port Colborne's economy. Port Colborne was a heavily industrial city throughout most of the early twentieth century. A grain elevator, two modern flour mills, a Vale nickel refinery, a cement plant and a blast furnace were major employers. Several of these operations have closed over the past thirty years, while others employ a lot less residents due to modernization and cutbacks. Port Colborne has been successful in attracting agro-business operations which process corn into products such as sweeteners and citric acid. The economy has gradually shifted towards tourism and recreation, taking advantage of the scenic beauty of the lakeshore. The Port Colborne Historical and Marine Museum, located near the centre of town, is a resource for local history and archival research. In addition to a collection of historic buildings and artifacts, it opened up the "Marie Semley Research Wing" to foster research into local history; it was named to commemorate the long-standing efforts of a local resident who devoted hours to the museum.

Download or read book Port Colborne Ontario Book 2 in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Port Colborne is a city on Lake Erie, at the southern end of the Welland Canal. The original settlement, known as Gravelly Bay after the shallow, bedrock-floored bay upon which it sits, dates from 1832 and was renamed after Sir John Colborne, a British war hero and the Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada at the time of the opening of the southern terminus of the First Welland Canal in 1833 when it was extended to reach Lake Erie. During the 1880s, American tourists from the southern states began building vacation homes on the lakeshore of the western edge of the town. Before long, an entire gated community of vacationers from the south called Port Colborne their home during the summer months. Today, the picturesque street of Tennessee Avenue is still home to many of these original vacation homes and buildings, as well as the original stone and wrought iron resort gates. The street boasts some immaculately maintained examples of late 19th and early 20th century Southern architecture. The Welland Canal was originally established as a solution to summer water shortages that plagued a grist mill operation near St. Catharines. William Hamilton Merritt, the mill owner, diverted water from the Welland River into Twelve Mile Creek. He wanted to make the channel deep enough to allow boats to pass through a series of locks down the escarpment into Twelve Mile Creek and on to Lake Ontario. The International Nickel Company (now Vale) has been one of the city's main employers since the opening of a refinery in 1918. Taking advantage of inexpensive hydroelectricity from generating stations at nearby Niagara Falls, the refinery produced electro-refined nickel for the war effort, and continues in operation today. Port Colborne was one of the hardest hit communities during the blizzard of 1977. Thousands of people were stranded when the city was paralyzed during the storm. Maritime commerce, including supplying goods to the camps for the laborers who worked on the first canal, ship repair and the provisioning trade, was, and still is, an important part of Port Colborne's economy. Port Colborne was a heavily industrial city throughout most of the early twentieth century. A grain elevator, two modern flour mills, a Vale nickel refinery, a cement plant and a blast furnace were major employers. Several of these operations have closed over the past thirty years, while others employ a lot less residents due to modernization and cutbacks. Port Colborne has been successful in attracting agro-business operations which process corn into products such as sweeteners and citric acid. The economy has gradually shifted towards tourism and recreation, taking advantage of the scenic beauty of the lakeshore. The Port Colborne Historical and Marine Museum, located near the centre of town, is a resource for local history and archival research. In addition to a collection of historic buildings and artifacts, it opened up the "Marie Semley Research Wing" to foster research into local history; it was named to commemorate the long-standing efforts of a local resident who devoted hours to the museum.

Download or read book Aylmer Ontario Book 1 in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-08 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aylmer is located in southern Ontario just north of Lake Erie on Catfish Creek. It is 20 kilometres south of Highway 401. It is located on Highway 3 between St. Thomas to the west, and Tillsonburg to the east. In October 1817, John Van Patter, an emigrant from New York State, obtained 200 acres of land and was the first settler on the site of Aylmer. During the 1830s a general store was opened and village lots sold. Originally called Troy, in 1835 it was renamed Aylmer after Lord Aylmer, then Governor-in-Chief of British North America. By 1851 local enterprises included sawmills and flour-mills powered by water from Catfish Creek. By the mid-1860s Aylmer, with easy access to Lake Erie, became the marketing centre for a rich agricultural and timber producing area. Aylmer benefited greatly from the construction of the 145-mile Canada Air Line Railway from Glencoe to Fort Erie. The coming of the Great Western Air Line railway in 1873 encouraged manufacturing and mills, a foundry, a pork-packing house, a milk-evaporating plant, and shoe factory were among the main establishments. An Airfield for training was established nearby in World War 2 which became the nucleus of the Ontario Police College. The Aylmer Canning Factory was established in 1879; it packed peas, beans, cider, pickles, vinegar, sauces, meats and fruits. Imperial Tobacco Canada built a plant in 1945. At its peak, it employed more than 600 full-time and seasonal workers. In its prime, the plant could store 110 million tons of tobacco and had an October to April production capacity of 100 million tons. Of this, 20 to 25 million tons were for export to other countries, making it one of Canada's leading exporters. The rest of the processed tobacco was shipped to Imperial's cigarette production plant in Guelph. After declining tobacco sales in Canada, Imperial began downsizing in the 1990s and closed in 2007.

Download or read book Tillsonburg Ontario in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-08 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tillsonburg is a town in Oxford County located about 50 kilometers southeast of London on Highway 3 at the junction of Highway 19 which connects to Highway 401. The area was settled in 1825 by George Tillson and other immigrants from Massachusetts. A forge and sawmill were erected and roads built which led to the establishment of a settlement on the Big Otter Creek originally called Dereham Forge. In 1836 the village was renamed Tillsonburg in honor of its founder. It was also in this year that the main street, Broadway, was laid out to its full 100-foot (30 meter) width. Because the village was predominantly a logging and wood product center, the street width was to accommodate the turning of three-team logging wagons. This width has become a benefit toward handling the pressures of modern-day traffic by providing angled parking. The extension of Broadway north was called Plank Line and is now known as Highway 19. The water system supplied pure water for domestic use, and provided water power to such industries as a sawmill, planing mill, grist mill, spinning mill, pottery and a tannery. Many of these new establishments were owned, started, or financed by George Tillson. In 1915, a Public Library was built with funds provided by the Carnegie Foundation, and the town's Memorial Hospital was constructed in 1925. In the 1920s, major enterprises included milk production, manufacture of shoes, tractors, textiles and tobacco.

Download or read book Oakville Ontario in Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2012-10-24 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oakville, Ontario is the subject of Book 4 in the Cruising Ontario series of books of photographs of towns and cities in Ontario. The photos show the architecture and design of old buildings, many that are over 100 years old. Sometimes there are descriptions of the buildings and some background information, but mostly it is a visual experience to enjoy. Barbara's sister has lived in Oakville for many years.

Download or read book Sampler Book 6 Ontario in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-28 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each photo I take that precedes a demolition, or a natural disaster such as a tornado or a fire, is meeting this aim of mine of Saving Our History One Photo at a Time. There are more than 100 towns already photographed which you can visit without moving from your comfortable chair in your living room. Think about what it was like in those by-gone days. Imagine what it was like to live in a mansion like one of these. Sampler Book 6 includes pictures from the following places: Welland, Kingston, Ottawa, Midland, Penetanguishene, Kemptville and Cornwall. All the photos in this book have been taken with my cameras. I own the rights to them. I confirm that I will never submit any content for which I do not have the exclusive publishing rights.

Download or read book Sampler Book 7 Ontario in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-28 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each photo I take that precedes a demolition, or a natural disaster such as a tornado or a fire, is meeting this aim of mine of Saving Our History One Photo at a Time. There are more than 100 towns already photographed which you can visit without moving from your comfortable chair in your living room. Think about what it was like in those by-gone days. Imagine what it was like to live in a mansion like one of these.Sampler Book 7 includes pictures from the following places: Mariatown, Maitland, Morrisburg, Brockville, Merrickville, Smiths Falls, Portland, Newboro, Westport, Port Elmsley, and Perth.All the photos in this book have been taken with my cameras. I own the rights to them. I confirm that I will never submit any content for which I do not have the exclusive publishing rights.

Download or read book Aylmer Ontario Book 2 in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-08 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aylmer is located in southern Ontario just north of Lake Erie on Catfish Creek. It is 20 kilometres south of Highway 401. It is located on Highway 3 between St. Thomas to the west, and Tillsonburg to the east. In October 1817, John Van Patter, an emigrant from New York State, obtained 200 acres of land and was the first settler on the site of Aylmer. During the 1830s a general store was opened and village lots sold. Originally called Troy, in 1835 it was renamed Aylmer after Lord Aylmer, then Governor-in-Chief of British North America. By 1851 local enterprises included sawmills and flour-mills powered by water from Catfish Creek. By the mid-1860s Aylmer, with easy access to Lake Erie, became the marketing centre for a rich agricultural and timber producing area. Aylmer benefited greatly from the construction of the 145-mile Canada Air Line Railway from Glencoe to Fort Erie. The coming of the Great Western Air Line railway in 1873 encouraged manufacturing and mills, a foundry, a pork-packing house, a milk-evaporating plant, and shoe factory were among the main establishments. An Airfield for training was established nearby in World War 2 which became the nucleus of the Ontario Police College. The Aylmer Canning Factory was established in 1879; it packed peas, beans, cider, pickles, vinegar, sauces, meats and fruits. Imperial Tobacco Canada built a plant in 1945. At its peak, it employed more than 600 full-time and seasonal workers. In its prime, the plant could store 110 million tons of tobacco and had an October to April production capacity of 100 million tons. Of this, 20 to 25 million tons were for export to other countries, making it one of Canada's leading exporters. The rest of the processed tobacco was shipped to Imperial's cigarette production plant in Guelph. After declining tobacco sales in Canada, Imperial began downsizing in the 1990s and closed in 2007.

Download or read book Hamilton Ontario in Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by . This book was released on 2012-11-02 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hamilton, Ontario is the subject of Book 3 in the Cruising Ontario series of books of photographs of towns and cities in Ontario. The photos show the architecture and design of old buildings, many that are over 100 years old. Sometimes there are descriptions of the buildings and some background information, but mostly it is a visual experience to enjoy. We lived in Hamilton for almost 30 years; it was here that we raised our three children.

Download or read book Simcoe Ontario in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by On Demand Publishing, LLC-Create Space. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simcoe is a town in Southwestern Ontario located near Lake Erie at the junction of Highways 3 and 24, south of Brantford. From Hamilton take Highway 6 to Simcoe. Simcoe was founded in 1795 by Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe. He gave a grant to Aaron Culver, one of the earliest settlers, with the condition that he was to build mills. In 1801 he built a saw mill and a few years later added a grist mill. The combined operation known as Union Mill was instrumental in the development of Simcoe. By 1812 a hamlet had grown up around the mills. The mills were burnt and the adjacent houses looted by U.S. troops in 1814. In 1819-23, Culver laid out a village which he called Simcoe. The mill was rebuilt by Duncan Campbell around 1825. By the 1870s, Nathan Ford operated a large flour mill, grain elevator and distillery on this site. The last water-powered mill on this site ceased operations in 1928. The book includes a few pictures taken in Colborne, Ontario.

Download or read book Hamilton Ontario Book 4 in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1784, thousands of United Empire Loyalists settled in Upper Canada (what is now southern Ontario). They were soon followed by more Americans attracted by the availability of inexpensive, arable land. Large numbers of Iroquois loyal to Britain arrived from the United States and were settled on reserves. Between 1788 and 1793, the townships at the Head-of-the-Lake were surveyed and named. Hamilton, the centre of a densely populated and industrialized region, is located in Southern Ontario on the western part of Lake Ontario. There are over one hundred waterfalls and cascades within the city, most of which are on or near the Bruce Trail as it winds through the Niagara Escarpment. Two steel manufacturing companies, Stelco and Dofasco, were formed in 1910 and 1912, and Procter & Gamble opened a manufacturing plant in 1914. The Pigott Building was the city's first high-rise building constructed in 1929. McMaster University moved from Toronto to Hamilton, an airport was built in 1940, a Studebaker assembly line started in 1948, the Burlington Bay Skyway Bridge was built in 1958, and the first Tim Horton's store opened in 1964. Hamilton is home to the Royal Botanical Gardens, McMaster University and Mohawk College. The Canadian Football League's Hamilton Tiger Cats began playing at the new Tim Hortons Field in 2014, which was built as part of the 2015 Pan American Games which will be jointly hosted by Toronto and Hamilton. On January 1, 2001, the new City of Hamilton was formed through the amalgamation of the former city and six surrounding municipalities. We have lived in Hamilton for more than 40 years; it is here that we raised our three children.

Download or read book Hamilton Ontario Book 1 in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Ryckman, born in Barton township (where present day downtown Hamilton is), described the area in 1803 as he remembered it: "The city in 1803 was all forest. The shores of the bay were difficult to reach or see because they were hidden by a thick, almost impenetrable mass of trees and undergrowth... Bears ate pigs, so settlers warred on bears. Wolves gobbled sheep and geese, so they hunted and trapped wolves. They also held organized raids on rattlesnakes on the mountainside. There was plenty of game. Many a time have I seen a deer jump the fence into my back yard, and there were millions of pigeons which we clubbed as they flew low." Hamilton, the centre of a densely populated and industrialized region, is located in Southern Ontario on the western part of Lake Ontario. Hamilton Harbour marks the northern limit of the city, and the Niagara Escarpment runs through the middle of the city bisecting it into "upper" and "lower" parts. There are over one hundred waterfalls and cascades within the city, most of which are on or near the Bruce Trail as it winds through the Niagara Escarpment. Two steel manufacturing companies, Stelco and Dofasco, were formed in 1910 and 1912, and Procter & Gamble opened a manufacturing plant in 1914. McMaster University moved from Toronto to Hamilton, an airport was built in 1940, a Studebaker assembly line started in 1948, the Burlington Bay Skyway Bridge was built in 1958, and the first Tim Horton's store opened in 1964. On January 1, 2001, the new City of Hamilton was formed through the amalgamation of the former city and the six municipalities of Stoney Creek, Glanbrook, Ancaster, Dundas, and Flamborough. We have lived in Hamilton for more than 40 years; it is here that we raised our three children.

Download or read book Grafton and Bolton Ontario and Area in Colour Photos Saving Our History One Photo at a Time written by Barbara Raue and published by Cruising Ontario. This book was released on 2019-02-12 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Township of Alnwick/Haldimand is located in central Ontario in Northumberland County, situated between Lake Ontario and Rice Lake. It was formed in 2001 by the merger of Alnwick Township in the north and Haldimand Township in the south.Alnwick Township was originally surveyed in 1795 when twenty-four lots were laid out on the first concession. It was named for Alnwick in Northumberland, England. The township's first residents were made up of United Empire Loyalists, attracted by large unencumbered land grants. In 1835, 3,600 acres of land along the first and second concessions were set aside as an Indian settlement. Shortly after, the Indian Band from Grape Island was moved into this settlement and a school and church were built at Alderville.Haldimand Township was formed in 1791 and was named in honor of Sir Frederick Haldimand - a British general who served as Governor-in-Chief of Canada between 1778 and 1796. By 1804, there were 356 settlers in Haldimand Township making it the second most populous township in the region after Hamilton Township to the West.Alnwick/Haldimand is part of the Oak Ridges Moraine. Thirty-one square kilometers of the Cobourg Creek watershed runs through the Township. The Creek supports a diverse ecosystem including forests, meadows and wetlands. The Ganaraska Forest is an 11,000-acre forest located in the Township. It is one of the largest blocks of forested land in southern Ontario. The township is rural based with agriculture being the largest contributor to the economy. Grain, cash crops, milk, livestock, vineyards and apple farming are all viable in the area. Grafton is located in this township.The first known settlers to Grafton were just before the turn of the nineteenth century - all from the new United States of America. Most were looking for new land and opportunities. New settlers from the British Isles started arriving twenty years later. Likely the hamlet was named Grafton after John Grover's birth town of Grafton, Massachusetts. He arrived in Upper Canada in 1798 and was in Grafton by 1804.Bolton is a community in the town of Caledon, located in the Region of Peel about fifty kilometres northwest of Toronto. The downtown and area that historically defined the village is in a valley through which the Humber River flows. The town was founded around 1822 when James Bolton helped build a flour mill for his relative George Bolton. It was established on the line of the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway with stages to and from Weston.Sandhill Ontario is about 9 miles east of Caledon. Abraham Campbell's father and six brothers took up one thousand acres in Chingacousy about 1820, after having journeyed from the old family home in Lincoln County by an ox-team. From Cooksville to their locations, the way led over a road made through the bush with their own axes. Mr. Campbell spent his life on the farm on which he was born when Chingacousy was the farthest settlement north of the lake. A quarter of a century later Campbell's Cross, on the highway connecting north and south, was a scene of bustling life. There was a tavern there with eighteen rooms. There were three stores in the village at that time. As many as one hundred teams from the North Country would arrive with grain in a single day. Part of the grain was bought by local merchants and teamed by them to Port Credit for shipment by water. Some of the farmers hauled their own grain all the way to the lake port.

Download or read book Welland Ontario Book 1 in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-08-07 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Welland is located in the centre of Niagara. Within a half-hour, residents can travel to Niagara Falls, Niagara-on-the-Lake, St. Catharines, Port Colborne or Buffalo. It has been traditionally known as the place where rails and water meet, referring to the railways from Buffalo to Toronto and Southwestern Ontario, and the waterways of the Welland Canal and Welland River, which played a great role in the city's development. The city is separated by the Welland River and Welland Canal which links Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. The city was first settled in 1788 by United Empire Loyalists. Welland, because of its proximity to the Sir Adam Beck hydroelectric station at Niagara Falls, was historically known for its steel, automotive, and textile industries. Manufacturing firms were the biggest employers in Welland, with companies like Union Carbide, United Steel, Plymouth Cordage Company, three drop forges, a cotton mill, and the Atlas Steel Company, as well as general manufacturing plants, influencing the shaping of early Welland. The Plymouth Cordage Company was the first major industrial company to open a plant in Welland in 1906. It was a rope making company with headquarters in Plymouth, Massachusetts; it became the largest manufacturer of rope and twine in the world. Plymouth binder twine was popular among farmers to package farm crops such as grass, wheat and straw, and was the inspiration for the naming of the Plymouth brand of automobiles first produced in 1928. Many workers who relocated to Welland from the company's operations in Plymouth were of Italian origin. To minimise the potential effects of cultural and language barriers, Plymouth Cordage sent four foremen to Welland: one was Italian, one was French, one was German and one was English.

Download or read book Hamilton Ontario Book 3 in Colour Photos written by Barbara Raue and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1784, thousands of United Empire Loyalists settled in Upper Canada (what is now southern Ontario). Iroquois loyal to Britain arrived from the United States and were settled on reserves. Between 1788 and 1793, the townships at the Head-of-the-Lake were surveyed and named. John Ryckman, born in Barton township (where present day downtown Hamilton is), described the area in 1803 as he remembered it: "The city in 1803 was all forest. The shores of the bay were difficult to reach or see because they were hidden by a thick, almost impenetrable mass of trees and undergrowth... Bears ate pigs, so settlers warred on bears. Wolves gobbled sheep and geese, so they hunted and trapped wolves. They also held organized raids on rattlesnakes on the mountainside. There was plenty of game. Many a time have I seen a deer jump the fence into my back yard, and there were millions of pigeons which we clubbed as they flew low." Hamilton, the centre of a densely populated and industrialized region, is located in Southern Ontario on the western part of Lake Ontario. Hamilton Harbour marks the northern limit of the city, and the Niagara Escarpment runs through the middle of the city bisecting the city into "upper" and "lower" parts. There are over one hundred waterfalls and cascades within the city, most of which are on or near the Bruce Trail as it winds through the Niagara Escarpment. Two steel manufacturing companies, Stelco and Dofasco, were formed in 1910 and 1912, and Procter & Gamble opened a manufacturing plant in 1914. The Pigott Building was the city's first high-rise building constructed in 1929. McMaster University moved from Toronto to Hamilton, an airport was built in 1940, a Studebaker assembly line started in 1948, the Burlington Bay Skyway Bridge was built in 1958, and the first Tim Horton's store opened in 1964.