Download or read book Cognitive and Psychophysiological Differences in Proactive and Reactive Aggressive Boys written by Traci Bice Pitts and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Psychophysiological Social cognitive and Emotional Correlates of Reactive Proactive and Normally Aggressive Behavior in Children written by Nancy R. Clanton and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Criminological Theory written by Stephen G. Tibbetts and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criminological Theory: The Essentials, Fourth Edition by Stephen G. Tibbetts and Alex R. Piquero is a brief yet comprehensive overview of the major concepts and perspectives of the key theories in the evolution of criminology. Putting criminological theory in context, the acclaimed authors examine policy implications brought about by theoretical perspectives to show students the practical application of theories to contemporary social problems. The new edition has been thoroughly updated with the latest theoretical extensions and empirical research, with links made to specific theories and recent events.
Download or read book When Victimization and Aggression Co occur written by Stephen Ungvary and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aggressive behavior has been identified as both a cause and consequence of peer victimization, but relatively little is known about what might explain this association. The first goal of this study is to examine two social cognitive biases, rejection sensitivity and disrespect sensitivity, which may account for the relationship between victimization and aggression. While there is some support for the longitudinal relationship between victimization and aggression, others have failed to identify such relationships. Moreover, the concurrent relationship between victimization and aggression varies in magnitude. The second goal is to explore two physiological processes underlying emotion processes, RSA and EDA, in response to peer rejection, as moderators of the relationship between victimization and aggression. Participants were 67 (58% male) adolescents between the ages of 12-15 and one parent. Self-reports of victimization and reactive and proactive aggression and parent-reports of aggression were collected. Physiological data were collected during a task designed to simulate peer rejection. Results indicated that victimization was indirectly related to reactive aggression via angry rejection sensitivity and disrespect sensitivity and victimization was indirectly related to parent-reported aggression via angry and anxious rejection sensitivity. RSA moderated the relationship between victimization and reactive aggression and EDA reactivity moderated the relationship between victimization and proactive aggression and parent-reported aggression. The results support the theoretical relationship between victimization, aggression, and social cognition and highlight the role of physiological processes in adolescent adjustment.
Download or read book Aggression and Violence written by David M. Stoff and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conceived at a time when biological research on aggression and violence was drawn into controversy because of sociopolitical questions about its study, this volume provides an up-to-date account of recent biological studies performed -- mostly on humans. A group of scientists recognized the importance of freedom of inquiry and deemed it vital to address the most promising biological research in the field. The focus on biological mechanisms is not meant to imply that biological variables are paramount as a determinant of violence. Rather, biological variables operate in conjunction with other variables contributing to aggression or violence, and a complete understanding of this phenomenon requires consideration of all influences bearing on it. This book will familiarize readers with the rapidly growing and increasingly significant body of knowledge on the biological bases of human antisocial, aggressive, and violent behaviors. The editors concentrated on biological influences that support the basic physiological and biochemical processes of the brain and did not cover those biological influences that impact on the health of the individual such as head injury, pregnancy and birth complications, diet, and exposure to lead and other toxins. They focused on biological influences to illuminate their role in the complex behavioral phenomenon of violence. Three different approaches to the biological study of human antisocial, aggressive, and violent behaviors are represented -- genetic, neurobiological, and biosocial. Representing each of these three approaches, individual chapters from investigators in psychobiology, biological psychiatry, and basic-clinical neurosciences address the most recent experimental findings, methods, theory, and common misconceptions in the biological study of aggression and violence. The areas of primary focus are behavior and molecular genetics, neurochemistry and hormones, neuroimaging, psychophysiology and developmental psychobiology. Generally speaking, investigators following these different approaches have experience in different scientific backgrounds, select different methods, generate different analyses, employ different conceptual definitions for some of the same terms, and assume a different philosophical stance in attempting to explain violence. Nevertheless, all are united in their efforts to understand the biological underpinnings of violence. This book then assumes a comprehensive approach wherein different levels of analysis and different approaches inform each other. It is clear from the studies reported that aggression and violence are multidetermined phenomena and understanding them requires an interdisciplinary approach spanning economic, sociopolitical, psychological, sociological, and criminological as well as biomedical considerations. Nature (biology) and nurture (experience, context) are fundamentally inseparable in explaining aggression and violence; biology may affect experience or context, but experience or context also influences biology. Both need to be studied in a search for explanations of this phenomena.
Download or read book Introduction to Criminology written by Pamela J. Schram and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2017-02-13 with total page 1307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Criminology, Why Do They Do It?, Second Edition, by Pamela J. Schram Stephen G. Tibbetts, offers a contemporary and integrated discussion of the key theories that help us understand crime in the 21st century. With a focus on why offenders commit crimes, this bestseller skillfully engages students with real-world cases and examples to help students explore the fundamentals of criminology. To better align with how instructors actually teach this course, coverage of violent and property crimes has been integrated into the theory chapters, so students can clearly understand the application of theory to criminal behavior. Unlike other introductory criminology textbooks, the Second Edition discusses issues of diversity in each chapter and covers many contemporary topics that are not well represented in other texts, such as feminist criminology, cybercrime, hate crimes, white-collar crime, homeland security, and identity theft. Transnational comparisons regarding crime rates and the methods other countries use to deal with crime make this edition the most universal to date and a perfect companion for those wanting to learn about criminology in context.
Download or read book Pediatric Psychopharmacology written by Andres Martin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-10-17 with total page 814 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pediatric Psychopharmacology: Principles and Practice is an authoritative and comprehensive text on the use of medication in the treatment of children and adolescents with serious neuropsychiatric disorders. This benchmark volume consists of 56 chapters written by internationally recognized leaders, and is divided into four interrelated sections. The first, Biological Bases of Pediatric Psychopharmacology, reviews key principles of neurobiology and the major psychiatric illnesses of childhood from a perspective rooted in developmental psychopathology. The second, Somatic Interventions, presents the major classes of psychiatric drugs, as well as complementary and alternative somatic interventions, such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and naturopathic approaches. The third and longest section, Assessment and Treatment,starts with clinical assessment, diagnostic evaluation, and comprehensive treatment planning, and goes on to cover the evidence-based analysis of drug treatments for the major disorders. Special populations (such as children with comorbid mental retardation, substance abuse or medical illness) are specifically discussed, and the coordination of their treatment with non-somatic therapies is explicitly addressed. The final section, Epidemiologic, Research, and Methodological Considerations, deals with broad population-relevant topics such as regulation and policy, pharmacoepidemiology, and the critical importance of sound ethical principles for clinical investigation. The book concludes with an appendix on generic and commercial drug name equivalencies, preparations, and available dosages. This timely text is intended for child and adolescent psychiatrists, general and developmental pediatricians, family practitioners, general psychiatrists, and other mental health professionals who work with children and adolescents.
Download or read book Social Cognition and Developmental Psychopathology written by Carla Sharp and published by . This book was released on 2008-09-04 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social cognition refers to the capacity to think about others' thoughts, intentions, feelings, attitudes and perspectives. It has been shown that many children with psychiatric disorders have problems in social cognition. In this book, leaders in the fields of developmental psychopathology examine social cognition across a wide range of disorders.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Adolescence written by Roger J.R. Levesque and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-05 with total page 3161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Adolescence breaks new ground as an important central resource for the study of adolescence. Comprehensive in breath and textbook in depth, the Encyclopedia of Adolescence – with entries presented in easy-to-access A to Z format – serves as a reference repository of knowledge in the field as well as a frequently updated conduit of new knowledge long before such information trickles down from research to standard textbooks. By making full use of Springer’s print and online flexibility, the Encyclopedia is at the forefront of efforts to advance the field by pushing and creating new boundaries and areas of study that further our understanding of adolescents and their place in society. Substantively, the Encyclopedia draws from four major areas of research relating to adolescence. The first broad area includes research relating to "Self, Identity and Development in Adolescence". This area covers research relating to identity, from early adolescence through emerging adulthood; basic aspects of development (e.g., biological, cognitive, social); and foundational developmental theories. In addition, this area focuses on various types of identity: gender, sexual, civic, moral, political, racial, spiritual, religious, and so forth. The second broad area centers on "Adolescents’ Social and Personal Relationships". This area of research examines the nature and influence of a variety of important relationships, including family, peer, friends, sexual and romantic as well as significant nonparental adults. The third area examines "Adolescents in Social Institutions". This area of research centers on the influence and nature of important institutions that serve as the socializing contexts for adolescents. These major institutions include schools, religious groups, justice systems, medical fields, cultural contexts, media, legal systems, economic structures, and youth organizations. "Adolescent Mental Health" constitutes the last major area of research. This broad area of research focuses on the wide variety of human thoughts, actions, and behaviors relating to mental health, from psychopathology to thriving. Major topic examples include deviance, violence, crime, pathology (DSM), normalcy, risk, victimization, disabilities, flow, and positive youth development.
Download or read book Developmental Origins of Aggression written by Richard Ernest Tremblay and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2005-03-15 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Offering the first comprehensive analysis of this topic in over 30 years, this book is sure to fuel discussion and debate among researchers, practitioners, and students in developmental psychology, child clinical psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, criminology, and related disciplines. In the classroom, it is a unique and valuable text for graduate-level courses."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Biosocial Bases of Violence written by Adrian Raine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a NATO ASI held in Rhodes, Greece, May 12-21, 1996
Download or read book The Development and Treatment of Childhood Aggression written by Debra J. Pepler and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1991. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Handbook of Crime Correlates written by Lee Ellis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Crime Correlates, Second Edition summarizes more than a century of worldwide research on traits and social conditions associated with criminality and antisocial behavior. Findings are provided in tabular form, enabling readers to determine at a glance the nature of each association. Within each table, results are listed by country, type of crime (or other forms of antisocial behavior), and whether each variable is positively, negatively, or insignificantly associated with offending behavior. Criminal behavior is broken down according to major categories, including violent crime, property crime, drug offenses, sex offenses, delinquency, and recidivism. This book provides a resource for practitioners and academics who are interested in criminal and antisocial behavior. It is relevant to the fields of criminology/criminal justice, sociology, and psychology. No other publication provides as much information about how a wide range of variables—e.g., gender, religion, personality traits, weapons access, alcohol and drug use, social status, geography, and seasonality—correlate with offending behavior. Includes 600+ tables regarding variables related to criminal behavior Consolidates 100+ years of academic research on criminal behavior Findings are identified by country and world regions for easy comparison Lists criminal-related behaviors according to major categories Identifies universal crime correlates
Download or read book Types of Aggression Responsiveness to Provocation and Psychopathic Traits written by Luna Clara Muñoz and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on the various subtypes of aggression has documented differences in the experience of anger and the expression of angry aggression. Mixed proactive and reactive aggressive individuals exhibit reactive aggression but, unlike reactive aggressive individuals, fail to exhibit angry expressions or physiological arousal. Similar to the proactive group, individuals with psychopathic traits have been found to exhibit emotional underreactivity, and physiological underarousal, while still exhibiting reactive aggression. The present study examined 85 boys (ages 13 to 18) from a detention center. Three groups of aggressive boys were identified via cluster analysis based on the self-report of types of aggressive behavior: a primarily reactive aggressive group (n=29), a mixed reactive and proactive group (n=16), and a low aggressive group (n=40). The three groups were compared on aggressive responding (during a computerized provocation task with low and high provocation trials), on callous and unemotional traits (CU) and on psychophysiological indices of emotional reactivity. All aggressive groups showed greater aggressive responding to high provocation than to low provocation. The mixed aggressive group showed high aggressive responding across all provocation levels, including the no provocation condition, while the reactive aggressive group only showed high levels similar to the mixed aggressive group during low provocation. Unexpectedly, the reactive and mixed aggressive groups reported higher levels of CU traits than the other group. Although the groups did not differ on psychophysiological activity/reactivity, higher levels of CU traits were related to lower skin conductance responses to provocation. Thus, the contribution of high and low CU traits in the three groups to psychophysiological activity/reactivity was examined. Interestingly, the low and mixed aggressive groups who were high on CU traits had lower sympathetic arousal (indexed by skin conductance) and lower sympathetic reactivity to provocation. Thus, the mixed aggressive group showed a general disconnect between their angry aggression (on the provocation task) and their sympathetic reactivity to provocation. However, this was true only if they also showed high rates of CU traits. These results suggest that interventions targeted toward individuals who exhibit particular subtypes of aggression may be more beneficial if the presence of CU traits is also considered.
Download or read book Executive and Social cognitive Functioning in Reactive and Proactive aggressive Young Boys written by Christopher P. Jones and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study tests the hypotheses that: prototype descriptions of Reactive- (RA) and Proactive Aggressive (PA) syndromes will help teacher-raters to discriminate between them; that RA is uniquely associated with Attention, Internalizing and Social Problems; and that inhibitory control and social cognitive processing deficits are related to RA and its associated social problems. Principal Components Analysis of aggression ratings for 210 5- to 8-year-old boys yielded oblique RA and PA Components that were moderately correlated (r = .64) with the prototype items included - overlap that is consistent with prior research and that was not reduced compared with oblique components that lacked the new items (r = .67). Forced orthogonal RA and PA component showed unique or stronger relations for RA with the various outcome variables for a sub-sample of 80 5- to 8-year-old boys in grades K-2, though some of the correlation contrasts for RA vs. PA were not significant. As predicted, (one aspect of) social cognitive and stop task performance were negatively correlated with RA and not PA (though the contrast was not significant), and this relation strengthened with age. Though promising, conclusions are tempered by the limited variance for PA items, overlap between RA and PA components, and the substantial cross-loadings of RA and PA items, which may reflect "real" overlap (and therefore limited clinical utility for the RA/PA distinction), or persistent measurement error. Future research attending to form as well as function of aggression and using observational ratings and/or physiological assessments may evaluate these alternatives.
Download or read book Aggression written by Emil F. Coccaro, M.D. and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 2018-12-27 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by two of the authors of the DSM-5 research diagnostic criteria for intermittent explosive disorder (IED), Aggression: Clinical Features and Treatment Across the Diagnostic Spectrum provides mental health clinicians with a full understanding of both primary aggression and aggression as it manifests in other psychiatric disorders. A basic human drive, aggression was once adaptive, enabling our ancestors to compete for resources and protect themselves, their families, and their affiliative groups. However, advances in civilization have rendered aggression an ineffective, even counter-productive, strategy, and acting on violent impulses--verbal and physical--causes suffering in both the aggressor and the subject of aggression. The contributors, preeminent researchers and clinicians specializing in this important area, explore the forms and types of aggression and its possible causative factors (such as psychobiological abnormalities involving neurochemistry and neural circuits, genetics, epigenetics, and environment), as well as assessment, clinical approaches, and treatments (both psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological). Case vignettes help the reader to understand and contextualize the presented information in a clinically relevant fashion. Based on the latest research, Aggression: Clinical Features and Treatment Across the Diagnostic Spectrum is designed to aid mental health practitioners in identifying and treating aggression in diverse patient presentations.
Download or read book Evaluative Behavioral Judgments and Instrumental Antisocial Behaviors in Children and Adolescents written by Reid Griffith Fontaine and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing body of scientific research that has drawn a distinction between instrumental (or proactive) and reactive forms of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents. Whereas neurocognitive, psychophysiological, and other psychological factors have been shown to distinguish these aggressive subtypes, social cognitive research on alternative types of instrumental antisocial behavior (e.g., stealing, cheating, and illicit substance use) in youth is limited. Research on social information processing and aggression has shown that evaluative behavioral judgments may be of particular importance to understanding instrumental antisocial tendencies. Herein presented is a review of research on social cognition and discernible forms of instrumental antisocial behavior. It is demonstrated that, consistent with social cognitive research on proactive aggression, the relevance of a specific set of evaluative behavioral judgments appears to be common to alternative patterns of instrumental antisocial conduct. Conclusions may have particular importance for (a) research on the development of discernible instrumental antisocial trajectories, (b) clinical intervention, and (c) the formulation of a conceptual model of instrumental antisocial decision-making.
