Download or read book Climate Change in Continental Isotopic Records written by Peter K. Swart and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1993-01-11 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 78. This volume is designed to provide paleoclimatologists with information on past climate from sources other than the deep sea. For climate modelers aware of the fact that current global climate models do not always accurately predict the temperatures of continental interiors, the analyses presented here may offer much needed constraints on their models. Because analysis of the oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of benthic and planktonic foraminifera has provided the basis for most of the work done on climatic variation, our interpretation has been biased by records from the marine environment and does not provide an adequate indication of the temperature of continental interiors. Our eventual aim is to stimulate geologists, geochemists, and others to collect data on continental isotopic indicators of climate (CIICs) throughout the world, perhaps concentrating on certain geological intervals. In fact, a global continental climate program, styled after an earlier program which studied climate in the marine realm (CLIMAP), has been proposed. With such data it may eventually be possible to construct paleo maps of surface temperature and/or the oxygen isotopic composition of precipitation during specific time periods. One suitable time period, for example, would be the Cretaceous. In this case further information may be gleaned on controversies such as whether the polar regions were in fact warm at this time or whether temperature gradients similar to today's were present.
Download or read book Distributed Acoustic Sensing in Geophysics written by Yingping Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-26 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive handbook on state-of-the-art DAS technology and applications Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a technology that records sound and vibration signals along a fiber optic cable. Its advantages of high resolution, continuous, and real-time measurements mean that DAS systems have been rapidly adopted for a range of applications, including hazard mitigation, energy industries, geohydrology, environmental monitoring, and civil engineering. Distributed Acoustic Sensing in Geophysics: Methods and Applications presents experiences from both industry and academia on using DAS in a range of geophysical applications. Volume highlights include: DAS concepts, principles, and measurements Comprehensive review of the historical development of DAS and related technologies DAS applications in hydrocarbon, geothermal, and mining industries DAS applications in seismology DAS applications in environmental and shallow geophysics The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Download or read book Third Millennium BC Climate Change and Old World Collapse written by H. Nüzhet Dalfes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 733 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Around 4000 years ago the advanced urban civilizations in Egypt, Mesopotamia and India suddenly collapsed. What happened? Did a prolonged drought cause the breakdown of social order? Recent discoveries from all over the world strongly support the suspected link of the collapse with climate. The volume presents the findings of more than 40 researchers and provides a review on the relevant information. It appears that a major shift of the precipitation pattern affected many parts of the world at approximately the same time, with disastrous effects on the nomadic populations of Asia, Africa and Eastern Europe. Can a similar climate shift with a serious adverse impact on society happen again? In a world facing global warming, there could be many lessons to be learned from the experiences of ancient societies.
Download or read book Climate Change The Karst Record written by Stein-Erik Lauritzen and published by Karst Waters Institute. This book was released on 1996-08-01 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extended abstracts of a conference held at the Department of Geology, University of Bergen, Norway, August 1 through 4, 1996.
Download or read book Abrupt Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-04-23 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The climate record for the past 100,000 years clearly indicates that the climate system has undergone periodic-and often extreme-shifts, sometimes in as little as a decade or less. The causes of abrupt climate changes have not been clearly established, but the triggering of events is likely to be the result of multiple natural processes. Abrupt climate changes of the magnitude seen in the past would have far-reaching implications for human society and ecosystems, including major impacts on energy consumption and water supply demands. Could such a change happen again? Are human activities exacerbating the likelihood of abrupt climate change? What are the potential societal consequences of such a change? Abrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises looks at the current scientific evidence and theoretical understanding to describe what is currently known about abrupt climate change, including patterns and magnitudes, mechanisms, and probability of occurrence. It identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning the potential for future abrupt changes, including those aspects of change most important to society and economies, and outlines a research strategy to close those gaps. Based on the best and most current research available, this book surveys the history of climate change and makes a series of specific recommendations for the future.
Download or read book Climate Change written by The Royal Society and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Change: Evidence and Causes is a jointly produced publication of The US National Academy of Sciences and The Royal Society. Written by a UK-US team of leading climate scientists and reviewed by climate scientists and others, the publication is intended as a brief, readable reference document for decision makers, policy makers, educators, and other individuals seeking authoritative information on the some of the questions that continue to be asked. Climate Change makes clear what is well-established and where understanding is still developing. It echoes and builds upon the long history of climate-related work from both national academies, as well as on the newest climate-change assessment from the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It touches on current areas of active debate and ongoing research, such as the link between ocean heat content and the rate of warming.
Download or read book Deep Sea Sediments written by H. Huneke and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-02-08 with total page 865 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Deep-Sea Sediments' focuses on the sedimentary processes operating within the various modern and ancient deep-sea environments. The chapters track the way of sedimentary particles from continental erosion or production in the marine realm, to transport into the deep sea, to final deposition on the sea floor.
Download or read book Stable Isotopic Record of Climatic and Environmental Change in Continental Settings written by William Paul Patterson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding Earth s Deep Past written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-08-02 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is little dispute within the scientific community that humans are changing Earth's climate on a decadal to century time-scale. By the end of this century, without a reduction in emissions, atmospheric CO2 is projected to increase to levels that Earth has not experienced for more than 30 million years. As greenhouse gas emissions propel Earth toward a warmer climate state, an improved understanding of climate dynamics in warm environments is needed to inform public policy decisions. In Understanding Earth's Deep Past, the National Research Council reports that rocks and sediments that are millions of years old hold clues to how the Earth's future climate would respond in an environment with high levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases. Understanding Earth's Deep Past provides an assessment of both the demonstrated and underdeveloped potential of the deep-time geologic record to inform us about the dynamics of the global climate system. The report describes past climate changes, and discusses potential impacts of high levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases on regional climates, water resources, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and the cycling of life-sustaining elements. While revealing gaps in scientific knowledge of past climate states, the report highlights a range of high priority research issues with potential for major advances in the scientific understanding of climate processes. This proposed integrated, deep-time climate research program would study how climate responded over Earth's different climate states, examine how climate responds to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, and clarify the processes that lead to anomalously warm polar and tropical regions and the impact on marine and terrestrial life. In addition to outlining a research agenda, Understanding Earth's Deep Past proposes an implementation strategy that will be an invaluable resource to decision-makers in the field, as well as the research community, advocacy organizations, government agencies, and college professors and students.
Download or read book Climate Change in Continental Isotopic Records written by Peter K. Swart and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1993-01-11 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 78. This volume is designed to provide paleoclimatologists with information on past climate from sources other than the deep sea. For climate modelers aware of the fact that current global climate models do not always accurately predict the temperatures of continental interiors, the analyses presented here may offer much needed constraints on their models. Because analysis of the oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of benthic and planktonic foraminifera has provided the basis for most of the work done on climatic variation, our interpretation has been biased by records from the marine environment and does not provide an adequate indication of the temperature of continental interiors. Our eventual aim is to stimulate geologists, geochemists, and others to collect data on continental isotopic indicators of climate (CIICs) throughout the world, perhaps concentrating on certain geological intervals. In fact, a global continental climate program, styled after an earlier program which studied climate in the marine realm (CLIMAP), has been proposed. With such data it may eventually be possible to construct paleo maps of surface temperature and/or the oxygen isotopic composition of precipitation during specific time periods. One suitable time period, for example, would be the Cretaceous. In this case further information may be gleaned on controversies such as whether the polar regions were in fact warm at this time or whether temperature gradients similar to today's were present.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments written by Vivien Gornitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-31 with total page 1062 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of Springer’s Major Reference Works, this book gives the reader a truly global perspective. It is the first major reference work in its field. Paleoclimate topics covered in the encyclopedia give the reader the capability to place the observations of recent global warming in the context of longer-term natural climate fluctuations. Significant elements of the encyclopedia include recent developments in paleoclimate modeling, paleo-ocean circulation, as well as the influence of geological processes and biological feedbacks on global climate change. The encyclopedia gives the reader an entry point into the literature on these and many other groundbreaking topics.
Download or read book Isotopic and Elemental Tracers of Cenozoic Climate Change written by Germán Mora and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Climate Change and Pedogenic Carbonates written by R. Lal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-09-28 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic concepts; Analytical methods; Secondary carbonates in soils of different regions.
Download or read book High Resolution Palaeoclimatic Changes in Selected Sectors of the Indian Himalaya by Using Speleothems written by Anoop Kumar Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis encompasses a study of past precipitation patterns based on six cave stalagmites from different parts of the Indian Himalaya. This is the first speleothem study in the Indian Himalaya that shows a direct relationship between past precipitation and the collapse of civilization. The stalagmites examined were KL-3 from Jammu and Kashmir; TCS and BR-1 from Himachal Pradesh; and DH-1, SA-1 and CH-1 from Uttarakhand. Based on the high-resolution palaeoclimatic reconstruction (35 U/th dates, 5 AMS dates, 1,500 samples for δ18O and δ13C values) obtained for the duration of the Pleistocene–Holocene transition (16.2–9.5 ka BP) and Mid-Holocene–Present (ca. 4.0 ka BP–Present), three major events were identified, namely the Older Dryas (OD), Bølling–Allerød (BA) period and Younger Dryas (YD) at ca. 14.3–13.9, 13.9–12.7 and 12.7–12.2 ka BP, respectively. The study showed a gradual reduction in the precipitation from 4 ka BP onwards for about a millennium with a peak arid period between 3.2 and 3.1 ka BP. According to the findings, the LIA (Little Ice Age) covers a time span from 1622–1820 AD, during which the climate was wetter than that in the post-LIA period (1820–1950 AD). In addition, this thesis supports the assumption that the WDs (Western Disturbances) contribute significantly to the total rainfall in the Himalaya region.
Download or read book Climate Change and Africa written by Pak Sum Low and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-02 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the beginning of the twenty-first century, no environmental issue is of such truly global magnitude as the issue of climate change. The poorer, developing countries are the least equipped to adapt to the potential effects of climate change, although most of them have played an insignificant role in causing it. African countries are amongst the poorest of the developing countries. This book presents the issues of most relevance to Africa, such as past and present climate, desertification, biomass burning and its implications for atmospheric chemistry and climate, energy generation, sea-level rise, ENSO-induced drought and flood, adaptation, disaster risk reduction, the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol (especially the Clean Development Mechanism), capacity-building, and sustainable development. It provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of these and many other issues, with chapters by the leading experts from a range of disciplines. Climate Change and Africa will prove to be an invaluable reference for all researchers and policy makers with an interest in climate change and Africa.
Download or read book Natural Climate Variability on Decade to Century Time Scales written by Climate Research Committee and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-09-13 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reflects the current state of scientific knowledge about natural climate variability on decade-to-century time scales. It covers a wide range of relevant subjects, including the characteristics of the atmosphere and ocean environments as well as the methods used to describe and analyze them, such as proxy data and numerical models. They clearly demonstrate the range, persistence, and magnitude of climate variability as represented by many different indicators. Not only do natural climate variations have important socioeconomic effects, but they must be better understood before possible anthropogenic effects (from greenhouse gas emissions, for instance) can be evaluated. A topical essay introduces each of the disciplines represented, providing the nonscientist with a perspective on the field and linking the papers to the larger issues in climate research. In its conclusions section, the book evaluates progress in the different areas and makes recommendations for the direction and conduct of future climate research. This book, while consisting of technical papers, is also accessible to the interested layperson.
Download or read book Biogeography of the West Indies written by Charles A. Woods and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-27 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a review of the status of biogeography in the West Indies in the 1980s, the first edition of Biogeography of the West Indies: Past, Present, and Future provided a synthesis of our current knowledge of the systematics and distribution of major plant and animal groups in the Caribbean basin. The totally new and revised Second Edition, Biogeography
