Download or read book Climate Change Carbon Sequestration and Forest Fire Protection in the Canadian Boreal Zone written by Brian J. Stocks and published by . This book was released on 2011-08 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boreal forests and peatlands in northern circumpolar areas, including Ontario, store globally significant amounts of carbon but are subject to forest fires and other natural disturbances that cycle carbon between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. Climate change projections for the 21st century suggest that wildland fire regimes will become more severe, with more fires, more extreme weather events, and the likelihood of increased area burned. Even if fire suppression resources are increased to cope with the changing fire conditions, suppression efforts will be challenged. Forest fires release significant amounts of greenhouse gases and under a more severe fire regime increased emissions are expected. Concerns over increasing greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the potential to achieve carbon offset credits through enhanced forest management practices, may lead resource management agencies to consider, as one of their options, increasing fire suppression efforts to reduce area burned and maintain carbon in storage.
Download or read book Fire Climate Change and Carbon Cycling in the Boreal Forest written by Eric S. Kasischke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-22 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of the direct and indirect mechanisms by which fire and climate interact to influence carbon cycling in North American boreal forests. The first section summarizes the information needed to understand and manage fires' effects on the ecology of boreal forests and its influence on global climate change issues. Following chapters discuss in detail the role of fire in the ecology of boreal forests, present data sets on fire and the distribution of carbon, and treat the use of satellite imagery in monitoring these regions as well as approaches to modeling the relevant processes.
Download or read book Climate Change and the Future Fire Environment in Ontario written by Mike Wotton and published by Sault Ste Marie : Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Applied Research and Development. This book was released on 2005 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increased fi re load is expected to increase the cost of fi re management in the province 16% by the year 2040 and 54% by the year 2090 over year 2000 costs, exclusive of infl ation or other factors. [...] In addition to increases in seasonal fi re severity indices, a number of these studies also predict increases in the frequency of occurrence of extreme fi re danger in some areas of the country (e.g., Stocks et al. [...] This study uses lightning- and people-caused fi re occurrence models developed specifi cally for Ontario with GCM projections of future climate and Ontario's level of protection analysis software, LEOPARDS (see McAlpine and Hirsch 1999) to estimate the impacts of climate change on the fi re management organization both in terms of numbers of escaped fi res and with respect to changes in operationa [...] The sites of the GCM grid cell centres and OMNR weather stations used are shown in Figure 1. Fire Weather and Fire Danger To create the fi re climate of a future decade, the monthly anomalies were applied to the daily data from the OMNR fi re weather station archive from the years 1992-2001 (corresponding to the period over which lightning records were available). [...] The Fire Behaviour Prediction (FBP) System (Forestry Canada Fire Danger Group 1992) was used in conjunction with the Initial Spread Index (ISI), the Build-up Index (BUI) (calculated on the detection date of the fi re using the FWI System), and the fuel type associated with the fi re to estimate an initial rate of spread for each fi re.
Download or read book The Effects of Forest Management on Carbon Storage in Ontario s Forests written by Stephen J. Colombo and published by Sault Ste. Marie : Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Applied Research and Development. This book was released on 2005 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report examines how forest management can affect the carbon (C) balance of Ontario's forests. Ten forest management activities organized in four themes were examined: stand establishment (site preparation, planting, and vegetation management), growth enhancement (thinning, fertilization, and genetic improvement), forest protection (from forest fires, and insect and disease infestations), and harvesting (controlling the area occupied by roads, skid trails and landings, and reducing the area disturbed by harvesting)."--Document.
Download or read book Climate Change and Canada s Forests written by T. B. Williamson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest managers can expect the unexpected and they can expect that change will be ongoing and unrelenting. Some general recommendations for beginning to address climate change in Canada's forest sector include enhancing the capacity to undertake integrated assessment of vulnerabilities to climate change at various scales; increasing resources to monitor the impacts of climate change; increasing resources for impacts and adaptation science; reviewing forest policies, forest planning, forest management approaches, and institutions to assess our ability to achieve social objectives under climate change; embedding principles of risk management and adaptive management into forest management; and maintaining or improving the capacity for communicating, networking, and information sharing with the Canadian public and within the forest sector."--Pub. website.
Download or read book The Carbon Bomb written by Kevin Jardine and published by Amsterdam : Stichting Greenpeace Council. This book was released on 1994 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fire Climate Change and Carbon Cycling in the Boreal Forest written by Eric S. Kasischke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2000-01-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of the direct and indirect mechanisms by which fire and climate interact to influence carbon cycling in North American boreal forests. The first section summarizes the information needed to understand and manage fires' effects on the ecology of boreal forests and its influence on global climate change issues. Following chapters discuss in detail the role of fire in the ecology of boreal forests, present data sets on fire and the distribution of carbon, and treat the use of satellite imagery in monitoring these regions as well as approaches to modeling the relevant processes.
Download or read book Weather Guide for the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System written by B. D. Lawson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This weather guide includes detailed specifications for locating and instrumenting fire weather stations, taking weather observations, and overwintering the Drought Code component of the FWI System. The sensitivity of the FWI System components to weather elements is represented quantitatively. The importance of weather that is not directly observable is discussed in the context of fuel moisture and fire behavior. Current developments in the observation and measurement of fire weather and the forecasting of fire danger are discussed, along with the implications for the reporting of fire weather of increasingly automated fire management information systems.
Download or read book Remote Sensing and Climate Modeling Synergies and Limitations written by Martin Beniston and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 2 Michel M. VERSTRAETE and Martin BENISTON 1 Space Applications Institute, EC Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy 2 Department of Geography, University of Fribourg, Switzerland This volume contains the proceedings ofthe workshop entitled “Satellite Remote Sensing and Climate Simulations: Synergies and Limitations” that took place in Les Diablerets, Switzerland, September 20–24, 1999. This international scientific conference aimed at addressing the current and pot- tial role of satellite remote sensing in climate modeling, with a particular focus on land surface processes and atmospheric aerosol characterization. Global and regional circulation models incorporate our knowledge ofthe dynamics ofthe Earth's atmosphere. They are used to predict the evolution of the weather and climate. Mathematically, this system is represented by a set ofpartial differential equations whose solution requires initial and bo- dary conditions. Limitations in the accuracy and geographical distribution of these constraints, and intrinsic mathematical sensitivity to these conditions do not allow the identification of a unique solution (prediction). Additional observations on the climate system are thus used to constrain the forecasts of the mathematical model to remain close to the observed state ofthe system.
Download or read book Climate Change Impacts on Fire Regimes and Key Ecosystem Services in Rocky Mountain Forests written by Monique E. Rocca and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forests and woodlands in the central Rocky Mountains span broad gradients in climate, elevation, and other environmental conditions, and therefore encompass a great diversity of species, ecosystem productivities, and fire regimes. The objectives of this review are: (1) to characterize the likely short- and longer-term effects of projected climate changes on fuel dynamics and fire regimes for four generalized forest types in the Rocky Mountain region; (2) to review how these changes are likely to affect carbon sequestration, water resources, air quality, and biodiversity; and (3) to assess the suitability of four different management alternatives to mitigate these effects and maintain forest ecosystem services. Current climate projections indicate that temperatures will increase in every season; forecasts for precipitation are less certain but suggest that the northern part of the region but not the southern part will experience higher annual precipitation. The increase in temperatures will result in a greater proportion of winter precipitation falling as rain, earlier spring snowmelt, and a consequential increase in the length and severity of fire seasons. Fire frequency is likely to increase in the short term in all areas because of the warmer, longer, and drier fire seasons, but this change is likely to lead to a longer-term reduction in vegetation productivity in some of the most moisture-limited forest types, such as piñon-juniper and lower montane. This will decrease fuel accumulation rates and consequently reduce fire risk and result in longer fire return intervals. We consider four main management alternatives: fire suppression, wildfire (no intervention), prescribed fire, and mechanical thinning. The paper summarizes the effects of these treatments on forest ecosystem services, showing that they vary widely by forest type. This broad-scale assessment provides general guidance for forest managers and policy makers, and identifies more specific research needs on how climate-driven changes in fuel production and forest conditions will affect impact the four main forest ecosystems across the central Rocky Mountain region.
Download or read book The Importance of Forest Sector Adaptation to Climate Change written by T. C. Lemprière and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes current knowledge about recent changes in the climate of Canadas forests and projects further changes over this century based on scenarios of future global greenhouse gas emissions developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Even with sustained reductions in global emissions the future climate is predicted to be quite different, meaning that adaptation will be essential. Impacts on the forest are already occurring and will be substantial in the future. The current upward trend in area burned annually is expected to continue. Forests will be prone to widespread stress induced by the changing climate, increasing the likelihood of pest outbreaks in the short to medium term. Recent outbreaks of several pests have exceeded in scope all previous known epidemics of these pests and are associated with the crossing of a climatic threshold. Invasion of the boreal forest by the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae (Hopkins), appears likely, although the effect of this range expansion would likely be less severe than that observed recently in British Columbia, and outbreaks of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), are predicted to be longer and more severe in the future. Future forest growth in response to climate change is expected to be variable, with growth reduction because of drought in parts of Canadas western forests perhaps the most dramatic short- to medium-term outcome, though modestly increased growth in the east is predicted. Such impacts have implications for the cost and characteristics of timber supply, and climate change will also affect forestry operations, recreation opportunities, biodiversity, and carbon storage. Planning based on past approaches will need to be reconsidered. Current objectives for sustainable forest management may not be attainable in the future, although there may be some new opportunities. Climate change may produce public safety risks, significant economic and social dislocation in forest-dependent communities including Aboriginal communities, and impacts on the competitiveness of companies as well as on the actions and policies of all levels of government. These effects can be reduced through early identification and implementation of actions to reduce vulnerabilities or take advantage of new opportunities. The key needs associated with adaptation in the forest sector include awareness building and debate, improved knowledge and information, vulnerability assessments, planning frameworks and tools, and enhanced coordination and cooperation among governments and other forest sector participants. Meeting the challenge of adaptation will require sustained effort for many years.
Download or read book Carbon Management in British Columbia s Forests written by Mike Greig and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most ecosystems, the majority of the carbon is stored below ground as roots and decaying biomass or as organic carbon in the soil. [...] In both the forest and non-forest environment, when we measure the total carbon content we are measuring what is referred to as the "carbon stock." The carbon stored in forests is sequestered from the atmosphere through photosynthesis (the conversion of atmospheric CO2 into plant material using energy from the sun, releasing oxygen in the process) (Figure 1). [...] In some cases, acts of fire suppression and protection against insects lead to reductions in the affected areas and help maintain the level of carbon stored; however, uncertainty surrounds our ability to reduce the impacts of fire and insects on carbon over the long term or over large landscapes (see Section 2.2.1 below). [...] The Canadian Forest Service recently pointed out the important roles of forests and sustainable forest management in the global climate system: "forests play two important roles in the global climate system: first, they remove carbon from the atmosphere and store it in trees, litter and soil carbon, and second, they provide timber, fibre and energy to meet human demands. [...] In the February 2008 Speech from the Throne, the Premier outlined the following new or existing measures to reduce the province's carbon footprint: the zero net deforestation goal, the Trees for Tomorrow program, the restocking of all forest land, the Forests for Tomorrow program,2 the Bioenergy Strategy, the Pacific Carbon Trust, and new investments in carbon offset projects that benefit First Na.
Download or read book Exploring the Implications of Climatic Change for the Boreal Forest and Forestry Economics of Western Canada written by Elaine E. Wheaton and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Canadian Wildland Fire Strategy written by Peter L. Fuglem and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In September 2004, the Canadian Council of Forest Ministers established a federal, provincial, and territorial task group of assistant deputy ministers (ADMs) and commissioned the development of the Canadian Wildland Fire Strategy (CWFS). The ADMs created an intergovernmental team of analysts, experienced fire managers, and researchers, known as the CWFS Core Team, to consult with Canadian and international experts, collate information, conduct analyses, and present the findings. This team was directed to assess the current state of wildland fire management in Canada, examine the key influences and trends, and identify possible desired future states and how they could be achieved. This publication comprises a collection of nine reports written by the CWFS Core Team members and their associates. Collectively these papers include syntheses, analyses, and perspective articles that address a variety of the social, economic, and biophysical aspects of wildland fire and its management as well as policy, science, and operational issues in Canada."--Pub. desc.
Download or read book Climate Change in the Western and Northern Forests of Canada written by G. A. McKinnon and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the report of a workshop held to provide a forum for the exchange of information on both the expected impacts of climate change on Canada's western & northern forests, and potential adaptive strategies. Topics covered in presentations & poster sessions included climate change science and the implications of climate change for environmental, social, & economic values of the forest. Facilitated interactive sessions focussed on knowledge gaps, policy, and institutional barriers to adaptation, followed by suggestions for moving the climate change impacts & adaptation agenda forward in the forest sector.
Download or read book Fire Climate Change Carbon and Fuel Management in the Canadian Boreal Forest written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Workshop on Wildland Fire Activity in Canada written by Albert J. Simard and published by Canadian Forest Service. This book was released on 1997 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing forest fire activity is of great concern to many Canadians. Forestry plays a key roll in the Canadian economy and the Canadian way of living. This workshop had five objectives: determine whether fire activity has increased ; evaluate and prioritize the possible causes ; summarize the potential impacts ; recommend appropriate responses ; and communicate the findings and recommendations, which is the purpose of this report. The report combines presentation notes taken by Paul Ward and discussion notes taken by the rapporteurs. It summarizes the workshop and makes no attempt to interpret the discussions, findings, or recommendations from any particular perspective.
