Download or read book Circuit Breakers and Market Runs written by Sarah Draus and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Merely out of fear for future liquidity shocks, traders may run on financial markets. We show this coordination failure could be overcome by applying circuit breakers (which curb excessive trading). However, the common-practice circuit breakers fall short of their potential and could even damage welfare. Our analysis suggests a novel forward-looking circuit breaker which (i) becomes most restrictive precisely when the expected social loss related to inefficient upfront trading is largest, and (ii) is only implemented when it yields a welfare contribution. Bridging to practice, the calibration of this welfare-optimal circuit breaker among others reflects (the fear of future) funding liquidity constraints.
Download or read book The Effect of Single Stock Circuit Breakers on the Quality of Fragmented Markets written by Peter Gomber and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the May 6th, 2010 flash crash in the U.S., appropriate measures ensuring safe, fair and reliable markets become more relevant from the perspective of investors and regulators. Circuit breakers in various forms are already implemented for individual markets to ensure price continuity and prevent potential market failure and crash scenarios. However, coordinated inter-market safeguards have hardly been adopted, but are considered essential in a fragmented environment to prevent situations, where main markets halt trading but stock prices continue to decline as traders migrate to satellite markets. The objective of this paper is to empirically study the impact of circuit breakers in a single-market and inter-market setup. We find a decline in market volatility after the trading halt in the home and satellite market which come at the cost of higher spreads. Moreover, the satellite market's quality and price discovery during CBs is weakened and only recovers as the other market restarts trading.
Download or read book Transactional Risk Market Crashes and the Role of Circuit Breakers written by Bruce C N Greenwald and published by Andesite Press. This book was released on 2015-08-13 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Transactional Risk Market Crashes and the Role of Circuit Breakers Classic Reprint written by Bruce C. Greenwald and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-08-05 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Transactional Risk, Market Crashes, and the Role of Circuit Breakers Bell Communications Research Sloan School of Management, m.i.t. We thank Jim Gammill, Hank mcmillan Andre Perold, Robert Schwartz, Eric Sirri, Larry Summers, an anonymous referee and seminar participants at the cftc, the sec, the Federal Reserve and the Western Finance meetings for helpful comments. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Market Circuit Breakers written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Securities and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Market Stabilization Mechanism circuit Breaker written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "circuit breaker" originates in electrical engineering to describe a pre-set switch that shuts down electrical activity in excess of a system's design capacity. Since late 1988, the New York Stock Exchange has been imposing circuit breaker systems, which mandate trading halts for a stipulated period of time if the Dow Jones Industrial Average moves by more than a certain amount compared to the previous day's close. Besides the U.S., many countries in the world have also imposed circuit breaker systems in an attempt to reduce market volatility. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the effectiveness of circuit breaker systems in financial markets. In the first chapter, I conduct a thorough review of the literature on circuit breaker systems and provide suggestions for future studies on this issue. The review covers theoretical background, empirical evidence from both stock markets and futures markets, and the related research methodology. The results of an in-depth analysis of current circuit breaker systems in the world are presented in this chapter. There are two different types of circuit breakers: trading halts and price limits. My second chapter is designed to test the performance of price limits empirically using initial public offering (IPO) data. I compare IPOs with their industry-and-size matched seasoned equities to test three hypothesis raised by price-limit opponents. My results represent the performance of price limits for IPOs and can be used to predict the performance of price limits during periods with high information asymmetry. The most popular rationale for imposing price limits is to reduce market overreaction and volatility. To date, the empirical literature does not give a clear answer on whether price limits reduce or induce overreaction. Therefore, I examine trade-to-trade data in an effort to provide insight to the ongoing debate over the relation between price limits and overreaction in chapter three. I test two hypotheses to investigate whether price limits reduce or induce overreaction. Overall, I conclude that price limits induce overreaction when the price is approaching the limit, but they also reduce overreaction when prices hit the limit consecutively.
Download or read book Trading and Exchanges written by Larry Harris and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on market microstructure, Harris (chief economist, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission) introduces the practices and regulations governing stock trading markets. Writing to be understandable to the lay reader, he examines the structure of trading, puts forward an economic theory of trading, discusses speculative trading strategies, explores liquidity and volatility, and considers the evaluation of trader performance. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Download or read book Global Algorithmic Capital Markets written by Walter Mattli and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global capital markets have undergone fundamental transformations in recent years and, as a result, have become extraordinarily complex and opaque. Trading space is no longer measured in minutes or seconds but in time units beyond human perception: milliseconds, microseconds, and even nanoseconds. Technological advances have thus scaled up imperceptible and previously irrelevant time differences into operationally manageable and enormously profitable business opportunities for those with the proper high-tech trading tools. These tools include the fastest private communication and trading lines, the most powerful computers and sophisticated algorithms capable of speedily analysing incoming news and trading data and determining optimal trading strategies in microseconds, as well as the possession of gigantic collections of historic and real-time market data. Fragmented capital markets are also becoming a rapidly growing reality in Europe and Asia, and are an established feature of U.S. trading. This raises urgent market governance issues that have largely been overlooked. Global Algorithmic Capital Markets seeks to understand how recent market transformations are affecting core public policy objectives such as investor protection and reduction of systemic risk, as well as fairness, efficiency, and transparency. The operation and health of capital markets affect all of us and have profound implications for equality and justice in society. This unique set of chapters by leading scholars, industry insiders, and regulators discusses ways to strengthen market governance for the benefit of society at whole.
Download or read book The New Stock Market written by Merritt B. Fox and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. stock market has been transformed over the last twenty-five years. Once a market in which human beings traded at human speeds, it is now an electronic market pervaded by algorithmic trading, conducted at speeds nearing that of light. High-frequency traders participate in a large portion of all transactions, and a significant minority of all trade occurs on alternative trading systems known as “dark pools.” These developments have been widely criticized, but there is no consensus on the best regulatory response to these dramatic changes. The New Stock Market offers a comprehensive new look at how these markets work, how they fail, and how they should be regulated. Merritt B. Fox, Lawrence R. Glosten, and Gabriel V. Rauterberg describe stock markets’ institutions and regulatory architecture. They draw on the informational paradigm of microstructure economics to highlight the crucial role of information asymmetries and adverse selection in explaining market behavior, while examining a wide variety of developments in market practices and participants. The result is a compelling account of the stock market’s regulatory framework, fundamental institutions, and economic dynamics, combined with an assessment of its various controversies. The New Stock Market covers a wide range of issues including the practices of high-frequency traders, insider trading, manipulation, short selling, broker-dealer practices, and trading venue fees and rebates. The book illuminates both the existing regulatory structure of our equity trading markets and how we can improve it.
Download or read book An Experimental Study of Circuit Breakers written by Lucy F. Ackert and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the effect of circuit breakers on price ehavior, trading volume, and profit-making ability in a market setting. We conduct nine experimental asset markets to compare behavior across three regulatory regimes: market closure, temporary halt, and no interruption. The presence of a circuit breaker rule does not affect the magnitude of the absolute deviation in price from fundamental value or trading profit. The primary driver of behavior is information asymmetry in the market. By comparison, trading activity is significantly affected by the presence of a circuit breaker. Mandated market closures cause market participants to advance trades.
Download or read book Coordination of Circuit Breakers Volume Migration and Volatility Spillover in Fragmented Markets written by Benjamin Clapham and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study circuit breakers in a fragmented, multi-market environment and investigate whether a coordination of circuit breakers is necessary to ensure their effectiveness. In doing so, we analyze 2,337 volatility interruptions on Deutsche Boerse and research whether a volume migration and an accompanying volatility spillover to alternative venues that continue trading can be observed. Different to prevailing theoretical rationale, trading volume on alternative venues significantly decreases during circuit breakers on the main market and we do not find any evidence for volatility spillover. Moreover, we show that the market share of the main market increases sharply during a circuit breaker. Surprisingly, this is amplified with increasing levels of fragmentation. We identify high-frequency trading as a major reason for the vanishing trading activity on the alternative venues and give empirical evidence that a coordination of circuit breakers is not essential for their effectiveness as long as market participants shift to the dominant venue during market stress.
Download or read book Market Microstructure Theory written by Maureen O'Hara and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-03-06 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by one of the leading authorities in market microstructure research, this book provides a comprehensive guide to the theoretical work in this important area of finance.
Download or read book Measuring Liquidity in Financial Markets written by Abdourahmane Sarr and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides an overview of indicators that can be used to illustrate and analyze liquidity developments in financial markets. The measures include bid-ask spreads, turnover ratios, and price impact measures. They gauge different aspects of market liquidity, namely tightness (costs), immediacy, depth, breadth, and resiliency. These measures are applied in selected foreign exchange, money, and capital markets to illustrate their operational usefulness. A number of measures must be considered because there is no single theoretically correct and universally accepted measure to determine a market's degree of liquidity and because market-specific factors and peculiarities must be considered.
Download or read book An Experimental Study of Circuit Breakers written by Lucy F. Ackert and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ETFs and Systemic Risks written by Ayan Bhattacharya and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) revolutionized asset markets by using an innovative structure to make investing in a wide variety of asset classes simpler and cheaper. With their growing importance has come increasing concern that these products pose new risks to market stability and performance. This paper examines whether ETFs affect systemic risks in financial markets and, if they do, what the mechanism is by which this impact occurs and what can be done to keep the risks under control. We review current research and empirical evidence on these issues and discuss some emerging risks in ETFs. We ask whether we have the right “rules of the road” to deal with the new drivers of market behavior.
Download or read book Transactional Risk Market Crashes and the Role of Circuit Breakers Primary Source Edition written by Bruce C. N. Greenwald and published by Nabu Press. This book was released on 2014-02 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
Download or read book High Voltage Circuit Breakers written by Ruben D. Garzon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-06-04 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly revised and updated reference presents sensible approaches to the design, selection, and usage of high-voltage circuit breakers-highlighting compliance issues concerning new and aging equipment to the evolving standards set forth by the American National Standards Institute and the International Electrotechnical Commission. This edition features the latest advances in mechanical and dielectric design and application from a simplified qualitative perspective. High Voltage Circuit Breakers: Design and Applications features new material on contact resistance, insulating film coatings, and fretting; temperature at the point of contact; short-time heating of copper; erosion and electromagnetic forces on contacts; closing speed and circuit breaker requirements; "weld" break and contact bounce; factors influencing dielectric strength; air, SF6, vacuum, and solid insulation; and dielectric loss and partial discharges, and includes updated chapters on capacitance switching; switching series and shunt reactors; temporary overvoltages; and the benefits of condition monitoring.
