Download or read book Review of Literature on Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology CKDu in Sri Lanka written by Andrew Noble and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2014-05-16 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manuscript undertakes a review of current published information (peer-reviewed and grey literature) on Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka. It attempts to provide an overview of the possible environmentally-induced causal factors that have been implicated in the development of the disease, and identifies the gaps in research and recommends potential areas for future research. The review specifically captures the potential role that agriculture and water resources may play as causal factors in the development of the disease, and calls for a systematic approach and stresses the need for an integrated multi-disciplinary research effort to address the problem.
Download or read book Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology in Sri Lanka Quest for Understanding and Global Implications written by Myles F. Elledge and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2014-05-07 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research brief examines chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka. A new and growing public health challenge that has emerged in Sri Lanka, CKDu is epidemic in selected geographic areas of the country, primarily in its central and eastern dry zones. CKDu is not attributed to diabetes, hypertension, or other factors commonly associated with chronic kidney disease. A number of risk factors point to environmental triggers for the onset of CKDu, but evidence so far is insufficient to accurately pinpoint the potential cause or causes. Small studies conducted to date attempt to associate CKDu with agrochemicals, ayurvedic (traditional) medicines, water quality, or other environmental or lifestyle factors. This complex emerging health crisis requires an interdisciplinary approach, following strict field protocols and a rigorous environmental health risk assessment framework. Research and analysis to better understand CKDu are important for Sri Lanka and have global implications for understanding of similar geographic CKDu “hot spots” in Central America, Eastern Europe, and South Asia.
Download or read book Chronic Kidney Disease Unidentified CKDu in Sri Lanka written by Sattamabiralalage Maxwell Ranasinghe and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study sought to understand how the problem of the Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu), which has affected the paddy farmers in the North Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lanka is being addressed by the Government of Sri Lanka. The disease was discovered in the NCP in the mid-1990s; and since its discovery, it has found in other neighboring farming areas. The Sri Lankan Government has taken various measures to address the CKDu crisis but the spread of the disease has not been contained. My thesis is that a coordinated and bottom-up approach is the most effective way of addressing the CKDu crisis. Major findings of this study are that there is no coordination of the interventions of the various government ministries involved in combating the CKDu crisis and the contribution of degradation of environment to the problem. Remedial measures are recommended to overcome the shortcomings found.
Download or read book Health Policy in Britain s Model Colony written by Margaret Jones and published by Orient Blackswan. This book was released on 2004 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Was Western medicine a positive benefit of colonialism or one of its agents of oppression? This question has prompted a vigorous historical and political debate and is explored here in the context of the 'model' British colony of Ceylon. In this study, Margaret Jones emphasises the need for both a broad perspective and a more complex analysis. Colonial medicine is critiqued not merelyu in the political and economic context of imperialism but also against the background of human needs and rights. Her research is underscored by a detailed analysis of public health measures and services in Ceylon. One of its key findings is the accommodation achieved between Western and indigenous medicine. Throughout this work, Jones provides nuanced readings of the categories of colonised and coloniser, as well as the concept of colonial medicine. Health Policy in Britain's Model Colony provides an understanding of historical trends while simultaneously avoiding generalisations that subsume events and actions. Written in a compelling and lucid style, it is a path-breaking contribution to the history of medicine.
Download or read book Socio Economic Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology written by Chathura Jayampathi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With reference to Sri Lanka.
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology written by Neil N. Turner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-10-29 with total page 3045 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth edition of the Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology builds on the success and international reputation of the publication as an important resource for the practising clinician in the field. It provides practical, scholarly, and evidence-based coverage of the full spectrum of clinical nephrology, written by a global faculty of experts. The most relevant and important reference to clinical nephrology, this is an authoritative and comprehensive textbook combining the clinical aspects of renal disease essential to daily clinical practice with extensive information about the underlying basic science and current evidence available. Each section of the textbook has been critically and comprehensively edited under the auspices of a leading expert in the field. This new edition has been significantly expanded and reapportioned to reflect developments and new approaches to topics, and includes treatment algorithms to aid and enhance patient care where possible. The fourth edition offers increased focus on the medical aspects of transplantation, HIV-associated renal disease, and infection and renal disease, alongside entirely new sections on genetic topics and clinical and physiological aspects of fluid/electrolyte and tubular disorders. The emphasis throughout is on marrying advances in scientific research with clinical management. Richly illustrated throughout in full colour, this is a truly modern and attractive edition which reinforces the Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology's position as an indispensable reference work of consistent quality and reliability. Enriched and refined by careful revision, this new edition continues the tradition of excellence. This print edition of The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology comes with a year's access to the online version on Oxford Medicine Online. By activating your unique access code, you can read and annotate the full text online, follow links from the references to primary research materials, and view, enlarge and download all the figures and tables. Oxford Medicine Online is mobile optimized for access when and where you need it.
Download or read book Trends in Asian Water Environmental Science and Technology written by Futoshi Kurisu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-29 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together and integrates contributions on water quality modeling, monitoring and assessment techniques; wastewater treatment technologies; and sociological approaches in a single text. Divided into twenty chapters, it offers a comprehensive reference for students, professionals and researchers working on various aspects of water environment technology. The papers published in this book – selected from those presented at the 1st International Forum on Asian Water Environment Technology, held in 2013 in New Delhi, India – highlight the water environmental problems in Asia and respective countermeasures. This book addresses water quality requirements, emphasizing the factors that affect the water environment. Treated wastewater as a new source of water is also examined, introducing readers to important aspects of water reuse. Selecting the most effective and proper wastewater treatment approach is actually the most essential part of generating a new water resource, as well as protecting the receiving water environments. Thus, the fundamental principles of wastewater treatment and monitoring are a major focus in this book, which is intended to help readers effectively address various water environmental problems in Asian countries.
Download or read book Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology in Sri Lanka written by Myles Elledge and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Renal Fibrosis Mechanisms and Therapies written by Bi-Cheng Liu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-09 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systemically presents the latest research on renal fibrosis, covering all the major topics in the field, including the possible mechanisms, biomarkers, and strategies for prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Due to its high prevalence, CKD represents a huge global economic and social burden. Irrespective of the initial causes, CKD progresses to end stage kidney disease (ESKD) due to renal fibrosis, which is characterized by glomerulosclerosis, tubule atrophy and atresia, and the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the kidney. Unfortunately, an estimated 1%-2% of the adult population living with CKD will need renal replacement therapy at some point as a result of ESKD. As such, strategies for preventing or slowing CKD progression to ESKD are of utmost importance, and studies aiming to understand the mechanisms of renal fibrosis have been the focus of intensive research. Recently, novel insights into the pathophysiological processes have furthered our understanding of the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, and more importantly, promoted studies on the early diagnosis and treatment of CKD. This book draws lessons from the extensive, state-of-the-art research in this field, elaborating the new theories and new techniques to offer readers a detailed and comprehensive understanding of renal fibrosis and as well as inspiration for future research directions.
Download or read book Alternatives to Animal Testing written by Hajime Kojima and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-27 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the more ethical use of animals in experiments – replacement, reduction, and refinement, collectively known as the 3Rs. Important examples from across the world of implementation of the 3Rs in the testing of cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides, and biologics, including vaccines, are described, with additional information on relevant regulations. The coverage also encompasses emerging approaches to alternative tests and the 3Rs. The book is based on the most informative contributions delivered at the Asian Congress 2016 on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences. It will be of value for those working in R&D, for graduate students, and for educators in various fields, including the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, and animal welfare. The free, open access distribution of Alternatives to Animal Testing is enabled by the Creative Commons Attribution license in International version 4: CC BY 4.0.
Download or read book Space Fostering Latin American Societies written by Annette Froehlich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-04 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive overview of the role space is playing in unlocking Latin America’s developmental aspirations. It explains how space and its applications can be used to support the development of the full range and diversity of Latin American societies, while being driven by Latin American goals. The Latin American space sector is currently undergoing a phase of rapid and dynamic expansion, with new actors entering the field and with space applications increasingly used to support the continent’s social, economic, and political development. All across Latin America, attention is shifting to space as a fundamental part of the continental development agenda, and the creation of a Latin American space agency is evidence of this. Additionally, while in recent years, great advances in economic and social development have lifted many of Latin America’s people out of poverty, there is still much that needs to be done to fulfill the basic needs of the population and to afford them the dignity they deserve. To this end, space is already being employed in diverse fields of human endeavor to serve Latin America’s goals for its future, but there is still a need for further incorporation of space systems and data. The book is of great interest to researchers, professionals and students in fields such as Space Studies, International Relations, Governance, Social and Rural Development, and many others.
Download or read book Quantitative Dermatoglyphics written by Danuta Z. Loesch and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategies for River Basin Management written by Jan Lundqvist and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chronic Kidney Disease written by Thomas Rath and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Known worldwide, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease that affects up to 4% of the population with increasing figures also in the developing countries. Life expectancy of patients affected by CKD is shortened compared to the overall population, and only a minority of patients reach end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with the need for dialysis or renal transplantation; death overtakes dialysis. In the 13 chapters, this book sheds light on the different aspects related to pathophysiology and clinical aspects of CKD, providing interesting insights into not only inflammation and cardiovascular risk but also the interplay of hormones and the functional aspects of endothelial function. In addition, chapters dealing with genetic aspects of polycystic kidney disease and also the clinical handling of patients with CKD and peritoneal dialysis will be beneficial for the open-minded reader.
Download or read book From Biochemical Flows to the Disease poverty Nexus written by Narmadha Senanayake and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Struggles over environmentally induced diseases are struggles over the very nature of what exists and how we know the nature of the phenomenon. -- Kroll-Smith, Brown, and Gunter (2000, 27). This thesis draws on a case study of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) in north-central Sri Lanka to examine the explanatory possibilities and policy implications that flow from conceptualizing the disease as a historically rooted and emergent problem. To this end, I first harness tools and insights from the growing field of historical political ecology to excavate the overlapping histories of agricultural "modernization" in areas with high rates of CKDu endemism. I argue that contemporary environmental explanations of the mystery disease cannot be divorced from the historical processes that have transformed bodies and environments in Sri Lanka's North Central Province for the greater part of the 20th century. Through a review of existing histories of the North Central Province and long-term census data, I situate CKDu and the myriad debates that surround it within the overlapping chemical and socio-economic legacies of various agricultural development interventions in the region. Through this analysis, I also show how the lived experience of the disease is entangled with long-standing conditions of poverty and political marginalization. To complement this line of inquiry, this study marshals insights from critical political ecology and science and technology studies (STS) to examine existing explanatory frameworks of CKDu. Drawing on a review of scientific and medical literature together with 56 open-ended interviews, I posit that conventional explanatory models provide important but partial insights into the complex biophysical changes and local environmental experiences that give rise to and result from CKDu. As a result, this thesis uses a different approach arguing that many environmentally induced diseases, like CKDu, can be constructively re-conceptualized as "emergent" problems which arise through dynamic, contingent, and synergistic interactions.By adopting a more expansive and historically rooted perspective on CKDu, this work argues that it is possible to break the policy paralysis that has accompanied scientific uncertainty about the disease and its cause. Conceptualizing CKDu as an emergent process widens the lens of policy intervention to encompass the many interlinked problems that communities in CKDu endemic areas do not disaggregate from their experience of illness. Crucially, it allows policy makers currently grappling with the epidemic to shift from a singular focus on identifying and eliminating a "discrete" cause of the disease towards addressing multiple and compounding harms (social, ecological, and chemical), the wider contaminated environment, and the considerable experience of environmental suffering in CKDu affected communities.
Download or read book Hemodiafiltration written by Hideki Kawanishi and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hemodiafiltration (HDF) for the treatment of end-stage renal disease patients is predominantly performed in European countries and in Japan, with some differences in technique such as rate of blood flow and dialysis fluid delivery systems. The main focus of this book is on the clinical importance of online HDF, the techniques of which have been re-evaluated with the introduction of super high-flux membrane dialyzers. After a brief introduction into the history of HDF, recent advances and clinical experiences of HDF are summarized, including water quality control for dialysis fluid, equipped system for safe use, clinical advantages, and theoretical aspects of HDF. Moreover, at the end of each chapter researchers and scientists discuss problems into which further research is needed. Clinicians and scientists involved in the treatment of end-stage renal disease patients will find this publication an essential source of information. Moreover, it may also serve as a textbook for those who are planning to start HDF in their clinics or who are studying blood purification therapies in medical schools, nursing schools and even in engineering schools related to medical technologies.
Download or read book Economic Costs of Inadequate Water and Sanitation written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inadequate water supply and sanitation situation in South Tarawa has contributed to high rates of water-borne diseases and environmental degradation in the country's main urban center. There has been limited capital investment in water supply and sanitation infrastructure and ongoing operations and maintenance in South Tarawa, in part, as a result of low cost recovery in service delivery. To enable more informed policy responses to address the current situation, this study seeks to estimate the total economic costs associated with inadequate water and sanitation services in South Tarawa.
