Download or read book Beyond the Molecular Frontier written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.
Download or read book Plants Chemicals and Growth written by F.C. Steward and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants, Chemicals and Growth focuses on chemicals that regulate the growth and development of plants. It explores the problems of growth and growth regulation by looking at the roles of chemical substances, natural and synthetic, which affect the behavior of the cells of flowering plants. It also describes the variety of responses triggered by such chemicals, which include herbicides, those that stimulate the rooting of cuttings or cause leaf or fruit abscission, and those associated with fruit setting and artificial parthenocarpy. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of examples of chemical regulators and the biological responses they induce in plants, from tropism and chemotropism to nastic responses; rhythmic phenomena in growth and development; initiation of lateral organs and problems of phyllotaxy; periodicities in growth; and effects on the balance between vegetative growth, flowering, and fruiting. It discusses the totipotency and exogenous regulation of cells, history and modern concepts of plant growth regulators, the ways chemicals induce growth in quiescent cells, and growth-regulating effects in free cell systems. The reader is also introduced to biologically active compounds, such as indolyl and triazine compounds; how plant-regulating substances work; concepts and interpretations of plant growth regulation; and problems and prospects of chemical regulation of plant growth and development. This book will be of interest to teachers, biology students, agriculturalists, and researchers.
Download or read book Chemicals and Long Term Economic Growth written by Ashish Arora and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 2000-09-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This magisterial volume will be the definitive study of the economics and history of the chemical industry for many years to come. The core of the volume is a study of the process of innovation in the first industry to employ science as a basis for technology. This extends over 150 years and covers four leading countries-Britain, Germany, Japan, and the United States. . . . The book will be of interest to participants in the industry, economists, and economic historians interested in growth, business school faculty and students concerned with corporate strategy, especially the management of technical change, and finally, policymakers who create the legal and political environment within which the industry has developed."-Dale W. Jorgenson, Frederic Eaton Abbe Professor of Economics, Harvard University "The chemical industry will continue to be a leading indicator of economic development in the century ahead. The research and conclusions of Ralph Landau and his colleagues capture the structure, processes, and future of the industry and make [this] book required reading for all who follow the field." -Frank Popoff, Chairman, The Dow Chemical Company "Given the magnitude and pervasiveness of the chemical processing industry which underlies all manufacturing, this study of the dynamics of interactions among technology, economics, and politics should become must reading for all serious students of industrial development." -S. Allen Heininger, Past President, American Chemical Society "A painstakingly thorough and insightful analysis of the global chemical industry. . . . It will be of great value to economic historians and economists concerned with the growth of modern industrial societies. It is must reading for executives and scholars concerned with innovation and competitiveness." -David J. Teece, Director, Institute of Management, Innovation & Organization Mitsubishi Professor, Walter A. Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley "The innovativeness of the chemical industry has made it a key player in the development of the modern world economy. Analysis of the industry's long-term growth therefore gives an insight into the interaction between science, technology, and economic progress, as this book demonstrates. At the same time, the analysis offers observations that are of great practical relevance to today's issues." -Professor Doctor Gottfried Plumpe, Bayer Corporation The chemical industry has been one of the world's best managed and most consistently successful business performers for 150 years. Now, drawing together fourteen of the most respected economists and industry experts, the editors of Chemicals and Long-Term Economic Growth present one of the most extensive studies of this industry in order to uncover the secrets behind this remarkable track record. With economic and managerial insights supported by specific real-world examples, this book shows how the development of the chemical industry can provide insights for achieving and sustaining economic growth. Scientists and business leaders in the chemical industry and many other technological fields, and economists generally, may benefit from the history and analysis presented in this book. This book examines: * The role of science, innovation, technology, and organization in creating economic growth and profits * Chemical industry growth in Germany, Britain, the United States, and Japan, including an analysis of relative strengths and weaknesses * The impact of macroeconomics, legal and financial institutions, corporate finance, and other policies and institutions on the behavior of chemical companies * The principle of comparative advantage-why certain industries excel in certain areas.
Download or read book Handbook for Chemical Process Research and Development written by Wenyi Zhao (Chemist) and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This fully updated second edition reflects the significant changes in process chemistry since the first edition and includes more common process issues such as safety, cost, robustness, and environmental impact. Some areas have made notable progress such as process safety, stereochemistry, new reagents and reagent surrogates. Forty years ago there were few process research and development activities in the pharmaceutical industry, partly due to the simplicity of drug molecules. With increasing structural complexity especially the introduction of chiral centers into drug molecules and stricter regulations, process R&D has become one of the critical departments for pharmaceutical companies"--
Download or read book Industrial Chemicals written by G. Agam and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The special world of industrial chemistry is illuminated in this text. Issues such as naming and classification of chemicals, safety, formulations and specifications, information and patents are treated. Process-related topics are discussed, such as scaling-up, equipment selection, construction materials, environmental impact and waste minimization. Aspects which fall in between the traditional disciplines of chemistry and chemical engineering are covered, which are so critical for the development of a successful industrial process, and the awareness of which avoids pitfalls in industrial research and development. Case studies are given, and special appendices provide useful information for the industrial chemist or student. The book is aimed at industrial chemists and engineers, and at students in those faculties, intending to pursue this field in industry. Marketing and purchasing staff will also find this text valuable.
Download or read book Health Impacts of Developmental Exposure to Environmental Chemicals written by Reiko Kishi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-13 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides concise and cutting-edge studies on threats resulting from exposure to environmental chemicals that can affect human health and development, with a particular emphasis on the DOHaD concept. The book is divided into five main parts, the first of which includes an introduction to the impacts of developmental exposure to environmental chemicals and historical perspectives, while the second focuses on how environmental chemicals can affect human organs, including neurodevelopment, immune functions, etc. In turn, the third part addresses the characteristics of specific chemicals and their effects on human health and development, while the fourth part provides a basis for future studies by highlighting the latest innovations in toxicology, remaining challenges, and promising strategies in children’s environmental health research, as well as ideas on how to bridge the gap between research evidence and practical policymaking. The fifth and last part outlines further research directions and related policymaking aspects. Health Impacts of Developmental Exposure to Environmental Chemicals will appeal to young and veteran researchers, students, and physicians (especially gynecologists and pediatricians) who are seeking comprehensive information on how children’s health can be affected by harmful chemicals and other environmental toxicants.
Download or read book Industrialization of Biology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tremendous progress in biology over the last half century - from Watson and Crick's elucidation of the structure of DNA to today's astonishing, rapid progress in the field of synthetic biology - has positioned us for significant innovation in chemical production. New bio-based chemicals, improved public health through improved drugs and diagnostics, and biofuels that reduce our dependency on oil are all results of research and innovation in the biological sciences. In the past decade, we have witnessed major advances made possible by biotechnology in areas such as rapid, low-cost DNA sequencing, metabolic engineering, and high-throughput screening. The manufacturing of chemicals using biological synthesis and engineering could expand even faster. A proactive strategy - implemented through the development of a technical roadmap similar to those that enabled sustained growth in the semiconductor industry and our explorations of space - is needed if we are to realize the widespread benefits of accelerating the industrialization of biology. Industrialization of Biology presents such a roadmap to achieve key technical milestones for chemical manufacturing through biological routes. This report examines the technical, economic, and societal factors that limit the adoption of bioprocessing in the chemical industry today and which, if surmounted, would markedly accelerate the advanced manufacturing of chemicals via industrial biotechnology. Working at the interface of synthetic chemistry, metabolic engineering, molecular biology, and synthetic biology, Industrialization of Biology identifies key technical goals for next-generation chemical manufacturing, then identifies the gaps in knowledge, tools, techniques, and systems required to meet those goals, and targets and timelines for achieving them. This report also considers the skills necessary to accomplish the roadmap goals, and what training opportunities are required to produce the cadre of skilled scientists and engineers needed.
Download or read book Chemicals and Development written by and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemicals in the Environment and Brain Development Importance of Neuroendocrinological Approaches written by Fumihiko Maekawa and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mounting evidence shows that increasing numbers of children are being diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders, and it is clear that this increase cannot be explained by genetic background alone. A number of studies, including epidemiological studies, have found an association between in-utero and childhood exposure to certain chemicals, such as endocrine disruptors, psychoactive pharmaceuticals, volatile organic chemicals, persistent organic compounds and heavy metals, and children’s brain development. Yet, the mechanisms by which these chemicals impair brain development and function are not fully understood. In addition, little is known about how these chemicals enter and accumulate in the brain. Experimental approaches are essential to understand how those harmful chemicals enter children’s brain and pose discrete effects on specific brain sites. These approaches include the following: improvement of technologies for the detection and measurement of neuroendocrinological and behavioral changes in animal models: development of analytical methods for the identification and quantification of chemicals and their metabolites in the brain; development of in vitro cell line assays; and imaging technologies to illustrate cellular functions. In this research topic, we collected articles that provide state-of-the-art science and technologies that can help us identify environmental chemicals that influence brain development. We also included articles that lead to a better understanding of the actions and dynamics of these chemicals. The articles in this research topics supplied novel information about harmful endpoints of environmental chemicals. The reviews demonstrated the typical and novel interactions between environmental chemicals and the developing brain. We believe that these studies would lead to further understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders caused by environmental factors.
Download or read book Biomass Biofuels Biochemicals written by S. Saravanamurugan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals: Recent Advances in Development of Platform Chemicals provides a detailed overview on the experimentally developed methods that facilitate platform chemicals derivation from biomass-based substrates with robust catalyst systems. In addition, the book highlights the green chemistry approach towards platform chemical production. Chapters discuss platform chemicals and global market volumes, the optimization of process schemes and reaction parameters with respect to achieving a high yield of targeted platform chemicals, such as sugars and furonic compounds by modifying the respective catalytic system, the influence of solvents on reaction selectivity and product distribution, and the long-term stability of employed catalysts. Overall, the objectives of the book are to provide the reader with an understanding of the societal importance of platform chemicals, an assessment of the techno-economic viability of biomass valorization processes, catalyst design for a specific reaction, and the design of a catalytic system. Covers recent developments on platform chemicals Provides comprehensive technological developments on specific platform chemicals Covers organic transformations, catalytic synthesis, thermal stability, reaction parameters and solvent effect Includes case studies on the production of a number of chemicals, such as Levulinic acid, glycerol, phenol derivatives, and more
Download or read book The Chemistry of Process Development in Fine Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry written by Someswara Rao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-04-02 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the chemical strategies used in the optimisation of organic reactions and processes, and highlights the practical and technological options available. This book offers: an encyclopedic treatment of organic chemistry from an industrial, process research and development, and manufacturing point of view plenty of examples to illustrate the scope and limitation of the strategies a comprehensive index organised by topic, reaction type, and reagent an extensive literature survey. This is an essential and comprehensive guide for experienced practitioners of chemical process research and development, fresh recruits to chemical industry R&D divisions, and academics who are interested in interacting with the chemical industry, optimising their synthetic strategies, and enriching the field of atom economy.
Download or read book Chemicals from Biomass written by Debalina Sengupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemicals from Biomass: Integrating Bioprocesses into Chemical Production Complexes for Sustainable Development helps engineers optimize the development of new chemical and polymer plants that use renewable resources to replace the output of goods and services from existing plants. It also discusses the conversion of those existing plants into faci
Download or read book Global Chemicals Outlook written by United Nations and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The American Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry written by Kathryn Steen and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2014 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry: War and Politics, 1910-1930
Download or read book Research and Development Management in the Chemical Industry written by Peter Bamfield and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 1996-05-17 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very Good,No Highlights or Markup,all pages are intact.
Download or read book Silent Spring written by Rachel Carson and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2002 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essential, cornerstone book of modern environmentalism is now offered in a handsome 40th anniversary edition which features a new Introduction by activist Terry Tempest Williams and a new Afterword by Carson biographer Linda Lear.
Download or read book Risk Assessment of Chemicals An Introduction written by C.J. van Leeuwen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-18 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At last – a second edition of this hugely important text that reflects the progress and experience gained in the last decade and aims at providing background and training material for a new generation of risk assessors. The authors offer an introduction to risk assessment of chemicals as well as basic background information on sources, emissions, distribution and fate processes for the estimation of exposure of plant and animal species in the environment and humans exposed via the environment, consumer products, and at the workplace. The coverage describes the basic principles and methods of risk assessment within their legislative frameworks (EU, USA, Japan and Canada).
