Download or read book Chemical Speciation and Heavy Metal Mobility in Contaminated Marine Sediments written by Alexandra Katsiri and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Management of sediments from coastal areas, contaminated with heavy metals and organic substances, is a very critical issue. Management decisions are usually based on total pollutant concentrations and various guidelines that are used by different countries. Heavy metals can be mobilized from polluted sediments if they are exposed to changing environmental conditions that occur during excavation, disposal at sea, or disposal in confined facilities. This paper examines the changes in heavy metals partitioning to binding phases in contaminated marine sediments and the release of metals to the environment. Environmental conditions are simulated by submitting sediments to a modified elutriation test with oxygenated and deoxygenated seawater. A sequential extraction procedure is used to determine the binding fractions of heavy metals in the sediments. Fractionation analysis of excavated marine sediments from the port of Piraeus, Greece showed that copper is primarily associated with organic matter, whereas lead and zinc are primarily associated with iron oxides. Under anoxic conditions, the metals bound to the various binding fractions remain practically stable. On the other hand, under oxic conditions, an increase in the concentration of metals associated with carbonates and a decrease in the concentration of metals associated with organic matter and iron oxides were observed. Both under oxic and anoxic conditions, actual metal mobility was very low and less than 0.5 % of total metal mass was found in the dissolved phase.
Download or read book Metal Contaminated Aquatic Sediments written by HerbertE. Allen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-27 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade the sediments of many rivers, lakes, and estuaries have been contaminated by inorganic and organic materials. Contaminants from sediments, under certain conditions, can be released into overlying waters. Thus, sediments may be an important source of contaminants to waters in which littoral and atmospheric contaminants have been reduced or eliminated. Often found in aquatic sediments, metals are exposed to many reactions, such as sorption and precipitation, and are greatly influenced by the redox conditions in the sediment. The reactions - usually over a period of time - reflect biotic processing as well as chemical transformations. This book describes these important processes. Metal Contaminated Aquatic Sediments outlines advances in environmental chemistry, effective new modeling techniques, applications for biological treatment, and cycling and transport of trace metals in sedimentary environments. Each chapter contains a detailed reference section that draws upon a stunning array of sources. The book includes many figures and tables that illustrate the process under discussion. Features
Download or read book Ecological Quality Status of Marine Environment written by Gehan Mohamed El Zokm and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this one-of-a-kind book was to provide a critical and in-depth understanding of various AVS-SEM models as predictors for assessing the ecological impact of heavy metals (particularly dibasic cations; Zn, Cd, Ni, Cu, and Pb) on aquatic environments, including the theories underlying these models, descriptive equations, modes of action, methodology, efficiency, applicability, and statistical approaches, as well as comparison with other pollution assessment techniques in the aquatic environments. Metals in interstitial water can be reduced in sediments that co-precipitate with iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in FeS or MnS minerals, as well as replace them. This book outlines a system that can be used to track heavy metal contamination in countries with coastal regions that extend over water bodies that are subjected to pollution sources, such as the Mediterranean Basin countries. Moreover, this book will be of great interest to academics, professionals, practitioners, post-graduate students (M.Sc. and Ph.D.), and undergraduates because it gives a clear overview of heavy metal assessment for people interested in environmental studies focusing on the marine environment. It also provides decision-makers with a realistic perspective of the environmental file, allowing them to address environmental issues and directing stockholders to safer locations for environmental activity. From a future perspective, management is advised to overcome the difficulties within that technique, such as accurate handling procedures and different approaches to sampling onshore and offshore. Sequential leaching strategies, especially geochemical fractionation analysis, and knowledge of the interactions and significance of AVS in the marine sector, especially toxicity tests (bioassay) are recommended.
Download or read book Contaminated Marine Sediments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pervasive, widespread problem of contaminated marine sediments is an environmental issue of national importance, arising from decades of intentionally and unintentionally using coastal waters for waste disposal. This book examines the extent and significance of the problem, reviews clean-up and remediation technologies, assesses alternative management strategies, identifies research and development needs, and presents the committee's major findings and recommendations. Five case studies examine different ways in which a variety of sediment contamination problems are being handled.
Download or read book Chemical Speciation in the Environment written by A. M. Ure and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable recent research has focused on the topic of chemical speciation in the environment. It is increasingly realised that the distribution, mobility and biological availability of chemical elements depend not simply on their concentrations but, critically, on the forms in which they occur in natural systems. Continuing developments in analytical chemistry have made speciation practicable even where analytes are present at trace levels (as is often the case in natural samples). In the second edition of this book, the expertise of scientists involved in chemical speciation in various fields have been brought together to provide an overview of the current status of speciation science and indicate how the field may develop in the future.
Download or read book Contaminated Sediments written by Ulrich Förstner and published by Springer. This book was released on 1989-04-12 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sediments are increasingly recognized as both a carrier and a possible source of contaminants in aquatic systems, and they may also affect groundwater quality and agricultural products when disposed on land. Four aspects are covered reflecting the development of knowledge in particle-associated pollutants during the past twenty-five years: - the identification, surveillance, monitoring and control of sources and distribution of pollutants, - the evaluation of solid/solution relations of contaminants in surface waters, - the study of in-situ processes and mechanisms of pollutant transfer in various compartments of the aquatic ecosystems, - the assessment of the environmental impact of particle-bound contaminants, i.e. the development of sediment quality criteria. A final chapter focusses on practical aspects concerning contaminated sediments.
Download or read book Heavy Metals written by Wim Salomons and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Heavy Metals: Problems and Solutions" is divided into three sections dealing with basic geochemical processes, remediation and case studies. The basic geochemical processes are discussed with respect to mobility in the environment and impact as well as methods to derive guidelines for heavy metals. Remediation focuses on currently available methods to treat contaminated sediments and soils. In addition, it considers the concept of geochemical engineering for remediation of large areas contaminated by metals. A number of case studies of polluted sediments and soils and their environmental impact highlight the principles discussed in the first two sections.
Download or read book Environmental Risk Assessment of Soil Contamination written by Maria C. Hernandez Soriano and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2014-03-26 with total page 922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil is an irreplaceable resource that sustains life on the planet, challenged by food and energy demands of an increasing population. Therefore, soil contamination constitutes a critical issue to be addressed if we are to secure the life quality of present and future generations. Integrated efforts from researchers and policy makers are required to develop sound risk assessment procedures, remediation strategies and sustainable soil management policies. Environmental Risk Assessment of Soil Contamination provides a wide depiction of current research in soil contamination and risk assessment, encompassing reviews and case studies on soil pollution by heavy metals and organic pollutants. The book introduces several innovative approaches for soil remediation and risk assessment, including advances in phytoremediation and implementation of metabolomics in soil sciences.
Download or read book Sulfur Biogeochemistry written by Jan P. Amend and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2004 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trace Metals in a Tropical Mangrove Wetland written by Santosh Kumar Sarkar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-09 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive and accessible guide covering various aspects of trace metal contamination in abiotic and biotic matrices of an iconic Indian tropical mangrove wetland – Sundarban. Divided into nine chapters, the book begins by discussing the fundamental concepts of sources, accumulation rate and significance of trace metal speciation, along with the impact of multiple stressors on trace metal accumulation, taking into account both tourist activities and the exacerbating role of climate change. The second chapter presents a detailed account of the sampling strategy and preservation of research samples, followed by exhaustive information on sediment quality assessment and ecological risk, instrumental techniques in environmental chemical analyses, quality assurance and quality control, along with the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs). Using raw data, the sediment quality assessment indices (e.g., pollution load index, index of geoaccumulation, Nemerow Pollution Load Index etc.) and conventional statistical analyses are worked out and interpreted precisely, allowing students to readily evaluate and interpret them. This is followed by chapters devoted to trace metal accumulation in sediments and benthic organisms, as well as acid-leachable and geochemical fractionation of trace metals in sediments. The book then focuses on chemical speciation of butylin and arsenic in sediments as well as macrozoobenthos (polychaetous annelids). Finally, potential positive role of the dominant mangrove Avicennia in sequestering trace metals from rhizosediments of Sundarban Wetland is elaborately discussed. This timely reference book provides a versatile and in-depth account for understanding the emerging problems of trace metal contamination – issues that are relevant for many countries around the globe.
Download or read book The Importance of Chemical Speciation in Environmental Processes written by M. Bernhard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report, the editors replaced the term "speciation" wherever it occurred by "identification and quantification," or "description of abundance," or "reactivity," or "transformation" of a chemical species, according to whichever one of the four meanings the author had evidently meant to convey. In line with the Dahlem Workshop Model, this Report comprises the background papers written in advance of the meeting on the current status of problems in environmental research and on advanced analytical tech niques for the identification and quantification of chemical species, as well as the group reports summarizing the results of the discussions held during the meeting. Each group report was prepared during the meeting by one "rapporteur" with the help of members of that group and finalized by the rapporteur (listed as the first author of the group report) after the meeting, taking into account both verbal comments made during the presentation of the reports in the plenary session at the end of the workshop and written comments received afterwards.
Download or read book Sediment Water Interactions in Anoxic Freshwater Sediments written by Yigang Song and published by Springer. This book was released on 1999 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aquatic sediments are important sinks of inorganic and organic pollutants as well as of nutrients in highly industrialized and densely populated areas. As many aquatic organisms live in or on the sediments, polluted sediments provide a pathway for the chemicals to food-chain organisms, and finally to man. Sediment-water interactions play a fundamental role in biogeochemical cycling of the elements. One of the most important reactions is the mineralization of organic matter during early diagenesis, which not only leads to anoxic conditions connected with a recycling of nitrate, phosphate, and ammonia but changes the chemical bonding of heavy metals into more soluble species. Our study carried out on freshwater sediments enabled us to show whether heavy metals and nutrients are released into the overlying water under changes in physicochemical conditions. The information is important to water management and sediment dredging activities in harbour areas.
Download or read book Linking Chemical Speciation Desorption Kinetics and Bioavailability of U and Ni in Aged Contaminated Sediments written by Paul M. Bertsch and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extent to which heavy metals and radionuclides pose an environmental hazard depends on their potential for release to and transport in the environment, i.e., environmental availability, and their potential for introduction into biological systems, i.e., bioavailability. Although there exists a substantial body of literature pertaining to the fate, distribution, and bioavailability of contaminant metals in model laboratory systems, few studies have examined the biogeochemical cycling of heavy metals in complex aged-contaminated soils and sediments at a fundamental level. Even fewer have coupled detailed information on chemical speciation from state-of-the-art microscopic analytical and spectroscopic techniques with macroscopic observations obtained using indirect chemical extractions, metal desorption and leaching experiments, and biological uptake and toxicity assays.
Download or read book Metal Speciation in the Environment written by J.A.C. Broekaert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Metal Speciation in the Environmental held in Cesme, Turkey, October 9-20, 1989
Download or read book Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-03 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.
Download or read book Heavy Metals in Scleractinian Corals written by Sofia B. Shah and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-23 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth review of heavy metals in corals, describing the sources of heavy metals in the marine environment and their effect on corals. It is designed to serve as a unique reference for upcoming marine researchers and chemists, advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as those interested in marine pollution with respect to heavy metals. The book explains the basics as well as the state-of-the-art regarding heavy metals and corals and is engaging and clearly written and narrated, providing readers with the fundamental tools about the subject matter that they need in their specific fields. It allows readers to understand and appreciate the interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, and the geosphere. Detailed reference is included for the benefit of the reader. The specific objectives of this book are (i) to inform/educate the reader about persistent pollutants such as heavy metals, (ii) to identify sources of heavy metals in the marine environment, (iii) to inform about route of exposure and uptake of the heavy metal pollutants by corals, (iv) to elaborate about the effect of heavy metal pollutants on the coral reef ecosystems, (v) to discuss the ways in which heavy metal regulation occurs in corals, (vi) to impact current knowledge regarding heavy metals in the marine environment, and (vii) to briefly show chemical analysis and instrumentation for analyzing heavy metals.
Download or read book Chemistry of Marine Sediments written by Teh Fu Yen and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
