Download or read book Charging for the Railway Infrastructure Use During the Last Five Years in Europe written by Patricia Chica Herranz and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Charging for the Railway Infrastructure Use During the Last Years in Europe written by Patricia Chica Herranz and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El transporte ferroviario apareció en la primera mitad del siglo XIX, con la Revolución Industrial, y se convirtió en el principal modo de transporte, potenciando la economía de muchos países Europeos. Durante la primera mitad del siglo XX, el ferrocarril fue el modo de transporte terrestre monopolista. Desde el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial en adelante, el papel del ferrocarril en el mercado del transporte ha estado en constante declive. Dada la situación del ferrocarril en el mercado del transporte, la Comisión Europea ha emprendido un largo proceso de revitalización del modo ferroviario. Se declaró que para garantizar un uso eficiente de, y un accesso no discriminatorio a, la infraestructura ferroviaria era necesario establecer un conjunto apropiado de tarifas por el uso de la infraestructura. La restructuración del ferrocarril empezó a principios de los noventa con la publicación de la Directiva 91/440 del Consejo sobre el desarrollo de los ferrocarriles comunitarios y continuó con una lenta evolución hasta la publicación del Primer Paquete Ferroviario de Directivas. Una de las Directivas que componían este Paquete Ferroviario fue la Directiva 2001/14/EC, enfocada en la adjudicación de capacidad y en la aplicación de cánones por el uso de la infraestructura ferroviaria. Esta Directiva establece el marco legislativo para la tarificación del ferrocarril y, en consecuencia, los países Europeos han estado implementando sus requerimientos en la legislación nacional durante los últimos cinco años. La forma en que la Normativa Europea se ha implementado, varía ampliamente entre los países Europeos. Los gobiernos Europeos han estado (y aún están) implementando las Directivas de la Unión Europea en función de su particular punto de vista sobre los fracasos y éxitos de la actual organización de sus ferrocarriles. Esta tesina tiene como objetivo la descripción de los diferentes sistemas tarifarios actualmente vigentes en los países Europeos y su evaluación cualitativa, considerando el grado de cumplimiento de la Directiva 2001/14/EC y realizando un análisis DAFO. Como punto de partida, en esta tesina se da una descripción general de la evolución del ferrocarril y de la política de la Unión Europea sobre el modo ferroviario. A continuación, se realiza una selección de países significativos para poder describir, sintéticamente, los esquemas tarifarios que actualmente están aplicando. La cuestión principal de esta tesina reside en la evaluación de los diferentes esquemas tarifarios. Esta evaluación se ha realizado a dos niveles: evaluación de acuerdo con el marco legislativo y evaluación de acuerdo con los pricipios económicos. Antes de la evaluación, se ha definido la metodología de evaluación para cada nivel. Por una parte, la metodología para la evaluación de acuerdo con el marco legislativo consiste en realizar una selección de objetivos y condiciones principales establecidos por la Directiva 2001/14/EC y en definir cómo han sido interpretados estos aspectos. Por otra parte, la metodología para la evaluación de acuerdo con los principios económicos se ha dejado abierta y flexible intencionadamente para facilitar el proceso de identificación de cuestiones que pueden incumplir el marco legal pero que, a la vez, se puedan considerar como fortalezas o debilidades del correspondiente esquema tarifario. La evaluación de acuerdo con el marco legislativo consiste en determinar el grado de cumplimiento de los objetivos y condiciones principales por los esquemas tarifarios nacionales. La evaluación de acuerdo con los principios económicos consiste en un análisis DAFO, que se basa en determinar las cuestiones internas (Debilidades y Fortalezas) y externas (Amenazas y Oportunidades) que distinguen cada práctica de tarificación. Después de estos dos niveles de evaluación, se puede considerar que los esquemas tarifarios nacionales de los países significativos están totalmente caracterizados.
Download or read book Railway Reform and Charges for the Use of Infrastructure written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2005-11-16 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how barriers to growth in rail freight transport across Europe can be overcome. It recommends a simple set of charges that create incentives for management and planning of train operations across national borders.
Download or read book Charges for the Use of Railway Infrastructure written by Carole Maczkovics and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty years of European reforms have not (yet) produced the railway market that was initially dreamt of. Competition remains limited. This paper looks at one element of regulation, charges for the use of railway infrastructure and other upstream services. In order to allow competition in rail transport services, access to infrastructure is subject to specific European Union (hereafter, "EU") capacity allocation and pricing rules as of 1995, transposed in the respective national laws. But in 2010, the Commission observed that "[t]he development of the railway sector and its capacity to compete viably with other modes of transport are still hampered by serious problems related [among others] to (a) inadequate financing and pricing of the infrastructure". This paper seeks to identify potential causes of why charging schemes have not (yet) been able to improve the railways' share. After having delineated the scope of the analysis, namely the tariffs of upstream railway services (1), this paper describes the EU rules that are applicable to those tariffs (2). That description is then subject to an evaluation of the achievement of the objectives pursued by charging schemes, through some examples (3), before this paper proposes the way forward (4). A short conclusion is provided summarising the main findings and recommendations (5).
Download or read book Fair Payment for Infrastructure Use written by Commission of the European Communities and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rail Restructuring in Europe written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-10-09 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines reforms in over 30 countries from the Atlantic to the Urals, characterizing restructuring in terms of management independence, separation of infrastructure from operations and rights of access to rail infrastructure.
Download or read book Infracharges written by Paulo Fonseca Teixeira and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rail Economics Policy and Regulation in Europe written by Matthias Finger and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2015-09-25 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European railway sector has undergone profound and predominantly institutional changes over the past 20 years, due to the initiatives of the European Commission. This book constitutes a first systematic assessment and account of the recent transformations of the industry along a series of critical yet contentious issues such as competition, unbundling, regulation, access charging, standards and interoperability, and public–private partnerships. It also covers the main railways sectors including passenger transport, high speed and freight.
Download or read book Recast of the first rail freight package written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Lords: European Union Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2001, the Council of Ministers and the European Parliament adopted the so-called First Railway Package. Comprising three Directives, this was intended to open up the rail freight market to competition and help to improve rail's share of the overall freight market. However, in 2006 the Commission published a report concluding that the implementation of the Package was inadequate and has committed itself to recasting the Package. In this report, the Committee looks at which elements of the Package need amending and which need clarification. The report recommends the Commission use the recast to require the full separation of railway infrastructure managers from rail train operators. Full separation is the surest way to remove market distortions and to create the conditions necessary for increased rail freight. The recast of the Package should include more detailed provisions about the powers and remits of regulators, which should be independent of government. The Committee recommends that the Commission does not propose establishing an EU-level regulator. Charges levied for use of rail infrastructure and access to rail-related services such as sidings, marshalling yards and fuelling stations vary across Europe and this has hindered growth. The report recommends that the Commission include in the recast mandatory definitions of which costs can and cannot be included in infrastructure charges. The Committee supports recasting the Package, believing the aim of an open and competitive rail market can be achieved and international rail freight can be encouraged further.
Download or read book RAIL Infrastructure Charging written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liberalising Rail Freight Movement in the EU written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. European Union Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2005 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite a decline in traditional rail freight markets (especially coal and steel), and loss of market share to other modes, the overall growth in freight in recent years has allowed rail freight to maintain its volume. The Commission has introduced three packages of directives to stimulate further growth in this market (the first should have been implemented in the 15 member states, the second is to be implemented by 2005, and the third is yet to be adopted). This report reviews the background to the packages, and offers a provisional analysis of their effect so far. The quality of service offered to customers of rail freight movement in Europe falls seriously short of standards required in a competitive environment. Liberalisation of the UK market since 1994 has, however, resulted in better performance and a growing market share for rail freight. The Committee has reservations about some parts of the third package of directives, particularly the proposal to require all train drivers to hold an international rail driving licence, and the proposal for compulsory compensation to rail freight customers for poor quality service. The report also examines problems with the Channel Tunnel, the only direct rail link between the UK and mainland Europe.
Download or read book Recast of the first rail freight package written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Lords: European Union Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2001, the Council of Ministers and the European Parliament adopted the so-called First Railway Package. Comprising three Directives, this was intended to open up the rail freight market to competition and help to improve rail's share of the overall freight market. In 2006, however, the Commission published a report concluding that the implementation of the Package was inadequate and has committed itself to recasting the Package. In this report, 'Recast of the First Rail Freight Package (HL Paper 90-I)', the Committee looks at which elements of the Package need amending and which need clarification.
Download or read book ECMT Round Tables User Charges for Railway Infrastructure written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-12-02 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now that railway infrastructure and train operations have been separated in Europe -- at least for accounting purposes -- user charges for infrastructure are progressively being introduced to cover the costs of running trains. However, because of ...
Download or read book Supporting Better Decision Making in Transport Infrastructure in Spain Infrastructure Governance Review written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Spain, as in most countries, the real obstacle to effective and efficient delivery of key infrastructure is not the availability of finance, but rather problems of governance. This review examines the transport infrastructure governance framework in Spain against OECD good practices. It identifies the main governance bottlenecks for the development of transport infrastructure projects and provides a comparison with what other countries have done to alleviate similar bottlenecks.
Download or read book The Railway Track and Its Long Term Behaviour written by Konstantinos Tzanakakis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-26 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proper quality of a track and other infrastructure objects represents a basic requirement for train safety and punctuality. Most of the physical systems and their components deteriorate over time. This affects performance and may lead to failures. Albert Einstein said, “You have to learn the rules of the game. And then you have to play better than anyone else.” Only if we understand how the whole system works, taking into account its imperfections and how they influence its quality and performance will we be able to learn the rules of the game and “play better.” The book provides the readers with the necessary functional knowledge of track behaviour and comprehensively covers the function of the various track components, their interaction as elements of the track system, as well as the interaction of the track with railway vehicles. By presenting important tools for a deep understanding of track-behaviour this book aims to be a reference guide for infrastructure managers and to help them to find ways improving track quality for optimum long-term behaviour.
Download or read book The Annual Energy and Transport Review for 2004 written by European Commission. Directorate-General for Energy and Transport and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transport and energy sectors form key aspects of economic growth and sustainable development in modern industrial societies. This publication examines trends and developments in the energy and transport sectors in Europe, based on data drawn mainly from the years 2003 and 2004, as well as a range of topics including policy issues, market opening and competition, infrastructure developments, costs and efficiency. It also considers developments in the new member states, the candidate countries of Bulgaria and Romania, Croatia and Turkey, and principal trading partners. The publication includes a CD-ROM with global energy balances and indicators for the EU's 25 member states and its main trading partners.
Download or read book Regulatory Reform of Railways in Russia written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2004-05-11 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this report, some of the world's leading experts in rail regulation examine the restructuring of the sector, focusing on tariff reform and the introduction of competition in one of the world's largest rail networks.
