Download or read book Characterization of Rainwater Dissolved Organic Matter by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy written by Brennan Carter Opanasenko and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Characterization of Soil Organic Matter by High resolution Solid state Carbon 13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy written by Michael Schilling and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil organic matter (SOM) is the largest reservoir of organic carbon at the earth's surface. Its chemistry plays a crucial role in a wide range of issues including agricultural sustainability, pollution/contamination, and medicine. For instance, SOM is vital to soil fertility by affecting physical and chemical properties of soil and in controlling soil microbial activity by serving as a source for mineralizable C and N. Soil organic matter is also very influential in the transport and fate of organic and inorganic anthropogenic chemicals because of its heterogeneity and highly functionalized nature. Therefore, an understanding of SOM at the molecular level is a critical and worthwhile undertaking.

Download or read book Characterization of Soil Organic Matter by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy written by Hans-Dietrich Lüdemann and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigating the Structure and Aggregation of Dissolved Organic Matter Using NMR Spectroscopy written by Buuan Lam and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents one of the largest and least understood pools of organic carbon on Earth. Despite its importance in many environmental processes, fundamental aspects, such as the structure and associations of DOM, still remain ambiguous. This thesis provides findings on aspects of DOM research that are necessary for a greater understanding of DOM reactivity and interactions in the environment, including structural components and self-associations (i.e. aggregation). A new passive isolation technique is described, which combines a selectively-permeable membrane and an ion-exchange resin to filter and concentrate DOM. The passive sampler removes the need for active sampling (i.e. pumping of large volumes of water) and isolates material similar to traditional methods. A newly-developed NMR water suppression technique permits the analysis of DOM at natural abundance, and validates that isolation techniques yield similar material to DOM from the environment. This new water suppression technique also permits characterization of DOM without concentration or pretreatment, allowing the analysis of limited or precious samples (e.g. pore water, ice cores).

Download or read book Characterization of Natural Organic Matter in Drinking Water written by Jean-Phillipe Croue and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2000 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research reported on here sought to characterize natural organic matter (NOM) in dilute solutions and to isolate it without altering its properties, so that the effect of NOM in drinking water may be considered. Several NOM isolation methods were evaluated, including evaporation, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and adsorption. The effects of such isolation procedures on NOM's chemical composition and reactivity were considered. Based on these studies, the report presents conclusions regarding the feasibility and adequacy of in situ and ex situ techniques. Croue is affiliated with Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Eau de l'Environment, Universite de Poiters. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Download or read book Structural Characterization of Freshwater Dissolved Organic Matter from Arctic and Temperate Climates Using Novel Analytical Approaches written by Gwen C. Woods and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter DOM in Southeastern North Carolina Rainwater written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Linking Optical and Chemical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter in Natural Waters written by Christopher L. Osburn and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantial increase in the number of studies using the optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a proxy for its chemical properties in estuaries and the coastal and open ocean has occurred during the last decade. We are making progress on finding the actual chemical compounds or phenomena responsible for DOM’s optical properties. Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry, in particular, has made important progress in making the key connections between optics and chemistry. But serious questions remain and the last major special issue on DOM optics and chemistry occurred nearly 10 years ago. Controversies remain from the non-specific optical properties of DOM that are not linked to discrete sources, and sometimes provide conflicting information. The use of optics, which is relatively easier to employ in synoptic and high resolution sampling to determine chemistry, is a critical connection to make and can lead to major advances in our understanding of organic matter cycling in all aquatic ecosystems. The contentions and controversies raised by our poor understanding of the linkages between optics and chemistry of DOM are bottlenecks that need to be addressed and overcome.

Download or read book Natural Organic Matter in Water written by Mika Silanpää and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2014-10-07 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 77 percent of the freshwater used in the United States comes from surface-water sources and is subject to natural organic matter contamination according to the United States Geological Survey. This presents a distinct challenge to water treatment engineers. An essential resource to the latest breakthroughs in the characterization, treatment and removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from drinking water, Natural Organic Matter in Waters: Characterization and Treatment Methods focuses on advance filtration and treatment options, and processes for reducing disinfection byproducts. Based on the author’s years of research and field experience, this book begins with the characterization of NOM including: general parameters, isolation and concentration, fractionation, composition and structural analysis and biological testing. This is followed by removal methods such as inorganic coagulants, polyelectrolytes and composite coagulants. Electrochemical and membranes removal methods such as: electrocoagulation, electrochemical oxidation, microfiltration and ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and membrane fouling. Covers conventional as well as advanced NOM removal methods Includes characterization methods of NOM Explains removal methods such as: removal by coagulation, electrochemical, advanced oxidation, and integrated methods

Download or read book Characterization of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter with Iron Chelates in Rain Water written by Lorri Resetar and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spectroscopic Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter written by Xiaoyan Cao and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Highly Resolved Molecular level Interrogation of Dissolved Organic Matter DOM Complexity and Composition in a Snowmelt affected System written by Gregory Ian Ball and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To better constrain the chemical composition and molecular diversity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in natural waters, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF-MS) was applied for the first time as a novel technique towards its characterization. This technique chromatographically resolved thousands of peaks per sample and yielded a level of chromatographic resolution that approached the effective mass resolving capabilities of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers (FT-ICR-MS). As with peaks resolved by FT-ICR-MS, the chemical identities of peaks resolved by GCxGC-TOF-MS (> 90 %) remained largely unknown, however GCxGC-TOF-MS provided an independent means by which peaks could be tied to known compounds, which included (1) electron-impact mass spectra accompanying each peak and (2) the separation of structurally related compounds along predictable trajectories in two-dimensional GCxGC space. The development and implementation of this methodology (Chapter II) identified 451 compounds across diverse CuO-oxidized, TMS-derivatized samples and provided a basis for identifying 313 compounds (6.5 % of peaks) within a solid phase extracted (SPE) DOM sample isolated from the Upper Truckee River, Lake Tahoe, California, USA. This represented the most comprehensive compound-specific characterization of a DOM sample to date and an approximate three-folding of compounds previously identified within this oxidation product mixture, a subject of three decades of extensive study. Novel compounds were discovered, isothermal retention in the second dimension was predicted using molecular mechanics modeling, and evidence for a previously unexplored isomeric diversity within DOM was presented. Thousands (> 90 %) of GCxGC-resolvable peaks, however, resisted facile structural elucidation and motivated the development and implementation of a methodology (Chapter III) by which the chemical distance between specific peak populations (defined by chromatographic localization and peak intensity) of two samples could be quantified. Performed pair-wise across a sample set of Lake Tahoe Basin SPE-DOM samples, distance matrices amenable to linkage analysis were constructed, hierarchical relationships of similarity between peak populations were exposed, and cluster analysis identified sample groupings that were subsequently corroborated by high resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) of CuO-oxidized DOM. Interpretively revealing results were obtained, including the likely identification of peak populations specific to degraded terrestrial OM. In Chapter IV, a 13,500-year organic geochemical record ([delta]13C, [delta15N, TOC, TN, C:N) spanning the Holocene was created for Fallen Leaf Lake (FLL), California Sierra Nevada, USA. This was complemented by a 4,500-year lignin phenol record which spanned the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. These records were interpreted within the context of Holocene climate and seismicity and a post-glacial history of flora succession was proposed. In Chapter V a newly developed, high resolution, two-dimensional, heart-cutting preparative capillary gas chromatograph (PCGC) was developed, applied, and successfully evaluated as a tool for the enrichment of &mug quantities of material destined for natural abundance radiocarbon (14C) analysis by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS).

Download or read book Towards an Understanding of Dissolved Organic Matter Molecular Composition and Reactivity in the Environment written by Barbara Cottrell and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wunderli Karl 1881 1961 written by and published by . This book was released on 1901 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zeitungsausschnitte.

Download or read book Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-18 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 92 provides a thorough and in-depth accounting of progress in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and its many applications. Topics presented include new chapters on The DEPT Experiment and Some of Its Useful Variants, NMR Studies of Organic Aerosols, Recent NMR Studies of Thermoelectric Materials, Nonlinear Effects in NMR, Applications of Solid-State 43 Ca Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Superconductors, Glasses, Biomaterials, and NMR Crystallography, and Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: The Magic Wand to View Bone at Nanoscopic Resolution. This book has established itself as a premier means for both specialists and non-specialists who are looking to become familiar with new techniques and applications pertaining to NMR spectroscopy. Serves as the premier resource for learning the new techniques and applications of NMR spectroscopy Provides a key reference for chemists and physicists using NMR spectroscopy to study the structure and dynamics of molecules Covers all aspects of molecular science, including MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Download or read book Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in Water Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and X ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy written by Shichen Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) from several freshwater sources (Hinkson Creek upstream and downstream of the City of Columbia, Missouri River, landfill leachate, and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The goal was to identify major chemical compound classes, such as carboxylic acid, amide, ester, and aliphatic and aromatic characteristics in water samples from different sources. Results showed that samples from the city landfills contained the highest concentration of aromatic and protein-like compounds, while samples from WWTP contained more acids and hydrophilic fraction. It appeared that for freshwaters, the DOM inputs from the surroundings had a significant effect on the DOM chemical composition. The study demonstrated that coupling FTIR with XPS analyses could provide insights into the physicochemical and biogeochemical characteristics of DOM in different aquatic systems, as well as the characteristics of the environments from which the DOMs were derived.

Download or read book Comprehensive Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter by Using Chemical Fractionation and High Resolution Organic Structural Spectroscopy written by Yan Li and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: