Download or read book Changing Comparative Advantage in Food and Agriculture written by Irma Adelman and published by Paris, France : Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Centre. This book was released on 1990 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Changing Comparative Advantages in China written by Kym Anderson and published by Paris, France : Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Centre. This book was released on 1990 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technological Change and Comparative Advantage of the Agricultural and Food Processing Sectors written by Jason M. Carver and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The composition of global agricultural trade is shifting from primary commodities to processed foods in terms of value and quantity. It is important to understand the linkages between agriculture and food processing to identify the sources of the structural change in agricultural trade. The question addressed by this research is whether increasing the level of technology in agriculture may bolster the comparative advantage of the food processing sector. To address the hypothesis, an empirical framework derived from neoclassical trade theory is fitted to panel data comprising of thirteen developed countries over a twenty-year time period. That is, the export share of GNP for each of the two sectors, agriculture and food processing, is specified as a function of respective factor supplies, and productivity growth. Since food processing sectors use agricultural products as intermediates, a technological linkage between the sectors is established through price. Results confirm that the increases in the level of technology in the agricultural sector (i.e. productivity growth) benefits the food processing sectors in the form of lower input prices. Thus, the comparative advantage of agriculture, obtained through productivity growth, is transferred to the food processing sectors as lower procurement costs, which increases the latter's ability to compete in the global market.
Download or read book Changing Comparative Advantage in Food and Agriculture written by Irma Adelman and published by Paris, France : Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Centre. This book was released on 1990 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role Of Markets In The World Food Economy written by D. Gale Johnson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book extends the discussion of world food problems by giving explicit recognition to the potential role of markets. The authors highlight the contribution of prices to the solution of food problems in low-income countries, for example, by providing adequate incentives to farmers to expand production, assuring that food supplies can be obtained through trade when needed and giving appropriate signals to consumers. They also document the negative effects on food supply and national welfare of the actual price policies of many Third World governments. While recognizing the problems involved in defining and measuring hunger, as well as in improving the food supply, the authors consider the outlook for future food availability as favorable in terms of continued modest improvement in per capita food supplies at prices, adjusted for inflation, that are likely to continue the slow decline of recent decades. One focus of their comments is the positive roles that governments can and should play in the world food economy, especially in support of research, creation of human capital, and provision of appropriate rural infrastructure.
Download or read book Factor Endowments Wage Growth and Changing Food Self Sufficiency written by Keijiro Otsuka and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2013-02-26 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asian countries have witnessed a sharp increase in real wage as a result of rapid economic growth and structural transformation in recent years. Using a country level panel data from 1980 to 2010, this paper examines the effects of real wage increase on Asian agriculture that traditionally used family labor intensively on small farms. The empirical evidence supports our hypothesis that an increase in real wages, along with absorptions of labor into nonagricultural sectors, has been inducing the substitution of labor by machines in agriculture. However, this process is less successful in the countries that are constrained by their small operational land sizes, resulting in lowered land productivity. We also demonstrated that dynamic changes in yield are an important determinant of food self-sufficiency ratio. The above findings imply that in the near future, Asian agriculture can face a challenge in maintaining domestic food production. Given the large size of consumer demands in the region and its increasing trend, the future path of Asian agriculture could be a significant constraint on the global food supplydemand balance.
Download or read book The Balance Between Industry and Agriculture in Economic Development written by Nural Islam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-15 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Competitiveness of Global Agriculture written by Attila Jambor and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book combines food security and agricultural competitiveness issues and treat them together. It starts with definitions and evolution of both concepts, followed by reviews on global and regional food security challenges. The book identifies global agricultural trade and competitiveness patterns and uses it as a basis for analysing global food security. Further, the book also identifies countries/regions/products groups and develops a typology of agricultural competitiveness, giving policy lessons and recommendations on how to increase national/regional/global agricultural competitiveness to achieve sustainable food security goals. The motivation behind writing such a book are numerous. First, as researchers interested in both food security and agricultural competitiveness issues, we have always found a gap in the scientific literature in treating the two notions together. Second, as lecturers of various agricultural policy and food security related courses, we have many times been faced with questions related to the competitive positions of different countries and the factors lying behind these positions. Third, as economic advisors, we have been faced with the need to provide clear policy recommendations and lessons on how increase competitiveness and associated food security many times. Such a need is mainly coming from developing country policy and decision makers.We think the book is unique in many ways. First, it provides a consistent analysis of global agricultural trade patterns over 25 years. Second, it analyzes and synthetizes the definitions, concepts and measurement methods of competitiveness, covering a major gap in the current literature. Third, it establishes a link between the analysis of global agricultural competitiveness and food security, which is also an understudied area. Finally, the book provides policy lessons to increase a country’s agricultural competitiveness and food security by identifying its determinants.
Download or read book US Agricultural and Food Policies written by Gerald D. Toland, Jr. and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policy analysis is a dynamic process of discovery rather than a passive exercise of memorizing facts and conclusions. This text provides opportunities to "practice the craft" of policy analysis by engaging the reader in realistic case studies and problem-solving scenarios that require the selection and use of applicable investigative techniques. US Agricultural and Food Policies will assist undergraduate students to learn how policy choices impact the overall performance of agricultural and food markets. It encourages students to systematically investigate scenarios with appropriate positive and normative tools. The book emphasizes the importance of employing critical thinking skills to address the complexities associated with the design and implementation of twenty-first-century agricultural and food policies. Students are asked to suspend their personal opinions and emotions, and instead apply research methods that require the careful consideration of both facts and values. The opportunities to build these investigative skills are abundant when we consider the diversity of modern agricultural and food policy concerns. Featuring case studies and critical thinking exercises throughout and supported by a Companion Website with slides, a test bank, glossary, and web/video links, this is the ideal textbook for any agricultural policy class.
Download or read book Dynamics of comparative advantage in export of India s agriculture written by Kannan, Elumalai and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyses the dynamics of comparative advantage in India’s agricultural exports over the period 2001 to 2019. In order to analyze the pattern of export specialization, we use the revealed comparative advantage index, and its variant, the revealed symmetric comparative advantage index. We use the Markov transition matrix to examine the product mobility of comparative advantage. Our results show that the extent of agricultural trade openness has remained constant over time and that there has been little change in the composition of agricultural exports. Between 2017 and 2019, two products—semi- or wholly milled rice, and frozen shrimps and prawns—accounted for one-third of all exports. Analysis of the mobility of comparative advantage reveals little mobility of products from the lowest to the highest decile. There is a 65.8 percent probability that a product will stay in the first decile even after nearly two decades. A high degree of persistence of export specialization implies a much greater probability of starting and ending up in the highest decile. Policy should aim at diversification of the agricultural export basket through a product-specific focus that is based on export demand and the exploration of new markets.
Download or read book Integration of Food and Agricultural Policy with Macroeconomic Policy written by Roger D. Norton and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 1992 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Changing Agricultural Structure and Policies in Europe Toward the Twenty first Century written by Erkan Rehber and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Balance Between Industry and Agriculture in Economic Development Factors influencing change written by International Economic Association. World Congress and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Agricultural Productivity Gap written by Martin Sauber and published by VDM Publishing. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa is backward in economic growth, food security, child nutrition, and health, and is combating environmental degradation, is beset by conflicts, and has the highest population growth rate in the world. One of the core contributing factors is the weak performance of the agricultural sector. Liberalisation of agricultural markets became a core issue in development policy, but this does not address the problem. This study discusses the question of whether developing countries have lost their comparative advantage in agricultural products due to a change in productivity growth rates. Firstly, agricultural productivity in developed countries increases immensely in comparison with developing countries; this leads to a growing international productivity gap. Secondly, productivity growth rates in the agricultural sector exceed those in the industrial sector. The first observation results in a loss of competitiveness and the first and second together cause a diminishing comparative advantage in agriculture in developing countries. The book offers interesting perspectives about the growing global divergence with strong theoretical foundations and empirical evidence. It is aimed at policy makers, professionals, academics, and students of economics and political sciences, and anyone with an interest in development study.
Download or read book Changing Patterns of Trade in Processed Agricultural Products written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Agricultural Economics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-06-29 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Agricultural Economics, Volume Six highlights new advances in the field, with this new release exploring comprehensive chapters written by an international board of authors who discuss topics such as The Economics of Food Loss and Waste, Empowering Communities Using an Integrated Design of Food Networks, Concentration in Food and Agricultural Markets, Agriculture and trade, Producers, Consumers, and Value Chains in Developing Countries, The Multiple Burdens of Malnutrition: Dietary Transition and Food System Transformation in Economic Development, Psychophysiological Measures and Consumer Food Choice, and The Economics of Health and Nutrition Related Food Policies: The Effects on the Public Health and Malnutrition. Presents the latest release in the Handbook of Agricultural Economics Written and contributed by leaders in the field Covers topics such as Economics on Food Loss and Waste, Integrated Design of Food Networks, Agriculture and Trade, and more
Download or read book Climate change and agricultural policy options written by De Pinto, Alessandro and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is a significant and growing threat to food security—already affecting vulnerable populations in many developing countries, and expected to affect ever more people in more places, unless action is taken beginning today. Current scenarios for business-as-usual farming under climate change project growing food security challenges by 2050. Worst hit will be underdeveloped regions of the world where food insecurity is already a problem and populations are vulnerable to shocks (Rosegrant et al. 2014). Improvements in agricultural technology and management are expected to increase food security, but if we do not address climate change, climate-related losses in crop and livestock productivity will reduce those gains (Lobell and Gourdji 2012). In this challenging environment, countries will need to contend with shifts in which crops they can best produce, significant changes in global prices, and change in countries’ comparative advantages. New analytical tools that allow policy makers and decision makers to integrate data from the global to the local level offer an important opportunity for countries to identify the most effective ways to address climate change. As the 22nd Conference of the Parties (COP22) gets underway and the role of agriculture as a key element in reducing emissions is widely recognized, countries can use these tools to identify locally appropriate policies that will reduce the impact of climate change on food security over the long term.
