Download or read book Cerebrovascular imaging from micro to macroscopic scales written by Chengcheng Zhu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-22 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Magnetic Resonance Vascular Imaging written by Zhehao Hu and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vascular imaging plays a crucial role in the assessment of a variety of vascular diseases. In the past few decades, efforts have been made to establish various imaging modalities for the evaluation of vasculatures. For example, CT, PET, ultrasound, and MR, have all been shown to have the capability to visualize or quantify different vasculatures. MR vascular imaging, compared to other imaging modalities, has several unique advantages, and has evolved as an ever-attractive choice both in research and clinical studies. Based on the scale of the target vasculature, MR vascular imaging can be further classified into two subcategories: MR macrovascular imaging and MR microvascular imaging. Macrovascular imaging is developed to assess diseases of, for example, the aorta, the coronary, the sizable arteries in the brain, and etc. Classically, macrovascular imaging can be categorized into bright-blood and dark-blood techniques. As a bright-blood technique, MR angiography has evolved as an important tool in the evaluation of macro vessels. Well dark-blood imaging, also called vessel wall imaging, has shown great potentials because of its ability to directly visualize pathological changes within the vessel wall. In contrast, MR microvascular imaging concentrates upon "micro" blood vessels, including small arteries, arterioles, and capillaries, with some biomarkers quantified to assess vessel changes at the microscopic level. Permeability and perfusion are two widely adopted biomarkers in this scenario that can be generated by dynamic contrast-enhanced MR, which is DCE-MR and dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR, which is DSC-MR, respectively. In recent years, with the advancements in imaging technologies, both MR macrovascular imaging and microvascular imaging have been applied to real clinical workflows to help with diagnosis and prognosis. For example, MR macrovascular imaging, especially MRA, is nearly always adopted as an adjunct in stroke diagnosis and etiology evaluation, while MR microvascular imaging has been shown to provide insights into many different aspects of brain tumors, like surgical planning and treatment response assessment. However, the vascular imaging techniques adopted in current paradigm for both applications are suboptimal and have several limitations. The primary goal of the work in the dissertation is to address the limitations by developing advanced MR macroscopic and microscopic vascular imaging techniques that can assist in stroke diagnosis and etiology evaluation and brain cancer evaluation, respectively. Specifically, for stroke etiology evaluation, a comprehensive two-station stroke etiology evaluation technique covering both the head-neck vasculature and the heart was developed. Our goal is to develop a technique that can be easily incorporated into clinical workup, and hopefully improves the diagnostics and patient outcomes. The technical development was divided into two specific aims, where Aim 1 is to develop a novel motion-compensated, data-driven accelerated 3D MR vessel wall imaging for the evaluation of the head-neck vessels, and Aim 2 is to develop a novel ECG- and navigator-free multi-dimensional assessment of cardiovascular system technique for the evaluation of the thoracic aorta and the cardiac structures. As for brain cancer evaluation, we developed a novel dynamic imaging for cerebrovascular evaluation technique based on MR multitasking framework for simultaneous 3D permeability and leakage-insensitive perfusion quantification based on single-dose of contrast injection. Feasibility of each developed technique is evaluated on both healthy subjects and patients

Download or read book Photoacoustic and Photothermal Spectroscopy written by Surya N. Thakur and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-12-07 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoacoustic and Photothermal Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications introduces the basic principles, instrumentation and major developments in the many applications of Photoacoustic and Photothermal Spectroscopy over the last three decades. The book explains the processes of sound generation by periodic optical excitation and ultrasonic generation by pulsed laser excitation and describes the workings of photoacoustic cells equipped with microphones and piezoelectric transducers. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is one of the fastest-growing imaging modalities of recent times. It combines the advantages of ultrasound and optical imaging techniques. These non-invasive and non-destructive techniques offer many benefits to users by enabling spectroscopy of opaque and inhomogeneous materials, (solid, liquid, powder, gel, gases) without any sample preparation, and more. Written in a non-mathematical, simple-to-read manner Presents recent developments in the field, along with the scope of future progress, including up-to-date references Includes detailed illustrations, such as equipment layout, spectra, experimental setups, tables, photographs, and more

Download or read book Computational Methods of Modeling Vascular Geometry and Tracking Pulmonary Motion from Medical Images written by Guanglei Xiong and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern anatomical medical imaging technologies, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance, capture structures of the human body in exquisite detail. Computational anatomy is a developing discipline to extract and characterize the anatomy from images. Unfortunately, anatomical images do not reveal the functional behavior. Computational physiology shows great potential to link the structure-function relationship by considering both the anatomical information and the physical governing laws. The simulated physiology can be used to assess physiological states, and more importantly predict the outcomes of interventions. On the other hand, advances in the functional imaging techniques provide measured physiology information and should be utilized together with computational physiology. In the theme of computational anatomy and physiology, this dissertation describes computational methods of modeling vascular geometry for image-based blood flow computation and tracking pulmonary motion for image-guided radiation therapy. Blood flow computation is a useful tool to quantify in vivo hemodynamics. The essential first step is to model vascular geometry from medical imaging data. I have developed a new workflow for this task. The geometric model construction is based on 3D image segmentation and geometric processing. To represent the topology of the constructed model, I have developed a novel centerline extraction method. To account for compliant vessels, methods to assign spatially-varying mechanical properties of the vessel wall are also developed. The workflow greatly increases the modeling efficiency. The combination of the patient-specific geometry and wall deformation can enhance the fidelity of blood flow simulation. Image-based blood flow computation also holds great promise for device design and surgical procedure evaluation. Next, I have developed novel virtual intervention methods to deploy stents or stent grafts to patient-specific pre-operative geometric models constructed from medical images. These methods enable prospective model construction and may be used to evaluate the outcomes of alternative treatment options. Respiratory motion is closely related to the physiology of the lung. Finally, I have developed a novel framework to track patient-specific pulmonary motion from 4D computed tomography images. A large set of vascular junction structures in the lung are identified as landmarks and tracked to obtain their motion trajectories. This framework can provide accurate motion information, which is important in radiation therapy to reduce healthy tissue irradiation while allowing target dose escalation. This work demonstrates the importance of the geometry and motion modeling tools in computational anatomy and physiology. Accurate physiological information, whether simulated or measured, will benefit the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

Download or read book Cognitive and Brain Aging Interventions to Promote Well Being in Old Age Roadmap for Interventions Preventing Cognitive Aging written by Pamela M. Greenwood and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Micro Meso and Macro Connectomics of the Brain written by Henry Kennedy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has brought together leading investigators who work in the new arena of brain connectomics. This includes ‘macro-connectome’ efforts to comprehensively chart long-distance pathways and functional networks; ‘micro-connectome’ efforts to identify every neuron, axon, dendrite, synapse, and glial process within restricted brain regions; and ‘meso-connectome’ efforts to systematically map both local and long-distance connections using anatomical tracers. This book highlights cutting-edge methods that can accelerate progress in elucidating static ‘hard-wired’ circuits of the brain as well as dynamic interactions that are vital for brain function. The power of connectomic approaches in characterizing abnormal circuits in the many brain disorders that afflict humankind is considered. Experts in computational neuroscience and network theory provide perspectives needed for synthesizing across different scales in space and time. Altogether, this book provides an integrated view of the challenges and opportunities in deciphering brain circuits in health and disease.

Download or read book Multi Scale Dynamics Modeling of Brain Physiological Functions and Pathological Mechanisms written by Ying Wu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-09 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanisms of brain physiological functions and pathological mechanisms are crucial for us to understand how the brain works in the normal function such as memory, information processing and attentional perception, or in pathological conditions such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's diseases. These brain physiological functions and pathological mechanisms generally involve multiple spatial scales of brains, ranging from micro molecules, cellular channels, and meso-scale neuronal networks to the brain regions. To comprehensively understand the neural mechanisms of brain physiological functions and pathological mechanisms, multiple-scale investigations are essential to carry, involving neuronal circuit modeling, neural field modeling, large-scale modeling, data-driven complex network modeling, etc.

Download or read book Understanding the mechanism of traumatic brain injury induced energy metabolism written by Guoqiang Xing and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-24 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Issues in Biomedical Engineering Research and Application 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 1153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Biomedical Engineering Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Reproductive Biomedicine. The editors have built Issues in Biomedical Engineering Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Reproductive Biomedicine in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Biomedical Engineering Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Synesthesia written by Julia Simner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synesthesia is a fascinating phenomenon which has captured the imagination of scientists and artists alike. This title brings together a broad body of knowledge about this condition into one definitive state-of-the-art handbook.

Download or read book Quantification of Biophysical Parameters in Medical Imaging written by Ingolf Sack and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a selection of essential knowledge on the image-based quantification of biophysical parameters for the purpose of clinical diagnosis. The authors regard clinical imaging scanners as physical measurement systems capable of quantifying intrinsic parameters for depiction of the constitution and biophysical properties of in vivo tissue. On the one hand, this approach supports the development of new methods of imaging highly reproducible, system-independent, and quantitative biomarkers, and these methods receive detailed attention in the book. On the other hand, the reader will also gain a deeper understanding of how physical tissue properties interact with the generation of signals in medical imaging, opening new windows on the intricate and fascinating relationship between the structure and function of living tissues. The book will be of interest to all who recognize the limitations of basing clinical diagnosis primarily on visual inspection of images and who wish to learn more about the diagnostic potential of quantitative and biophysics-based medical imaging markers and the challenges that the paucity of such markers poses for next-generation imaging technologies.

Download or read book Brain Mapping written by Arthur W. Toga and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2000-04-26 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "sequel" to "Brain Mapping: The Methods", covers the utlization of methods for the study of brain structure and function. Organized by systems, it presents information on the normal as well as the diseased brain. It integrates the various methodologies with appropriate usage.

Download or read book Stevens Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Methodology written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-12 with total page 1250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V. Methodology: E. J. Wagenmakers (Volume Editor) Topics covered include methods and models in categorization; cultural consensus theory; network models for clinical psychology; response time modeling; analyzing neural time series data; models and methods for reinforcement learning; convergent methods of memory research; theories for discriminating signal from noise; bayesian cognitive modeling; mathematical modeling in cognition and cognitive neuroscience; the stop-signal paradigm; hypothesis testing and statistical inference; model comparison in psychology; fmri; neural recordings; open science; neural networks and neurocomputational modeling; serial versus parallel processing; methods in psychophysics.

Download or read book Fluorescence Microscopy written by Anda Cornea and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-02-24 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorescence Microscopy: Super-Resolution and other Novel Techniques delivers a comprehensive review of current advances in fluorescence microscopy methods as applied to biological and biomedical science. With contributions selected for clarity, utility, and reproducibility, the work provides practical tools for investigating these ground-breaking developments. Emphasizing super-resolution techniques, light sheet microscopy, sample preparation, new labels, and analysis techniques, this work keeps pace with the innovative technical advances that are increasingly vital to biological and biomedical researchers. With its extensive graphics, inter-method comparisons, and tricks and approaches not revealed in primary publications, Fluorescence Microscopy encourages readers to both understand these methods, and to adapt them to other systems. It also offers instruction on the best visualization to derive quantitative information about cell biological structure and function, delivering crucial guidance on best practices in related laboratory research. Presents a timely and comprehensive review of novel techniques in fluorescence imaging as applied to biological and biomedical research Offers insight into common challenges in implementing techniques, as well as effective solutions

Download or read book Cerebral Microbleeds written by David J. Werring and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-26 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability throughout the world. About one in three symptomatic strokes are due to disease of small perforating arteries; however, most effective interventions are targeted at disease of large arteries. The underlying mechanisms and treatment of small vessel disease remain poorly understood. Microbleeds have emerged as a critical imaging marker of small vessel disease, being found in all types of stroke. With increasing evidence that microbleeds are caused by hypertensive arteriopathy and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, they are likely to play a strong future role in increasing our understanding of the causes of small vessel disease and the potential link between cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Cerebral Microbleeds summarizes our current knowledge, bringing together expert research from global authorities in the field. This authoritative and systematic text will be of interest to all clinical researchers and physicians in the fields of stroke and cognitive impairment.

Download or read book Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy IV written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy IV, Volume 162, a new volume in the Methods in Cell Biology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Besides the detailed description of protocols for CLEM technologies including time-resolution, Super resolution LM and Volume EM, new chapters cover Workflow (dis)-advantages/spiderweb, Serial section LM + EM, Platinum clusters as CLEM probes, Correlative Light Electron Microscopy with a transition metal complex as a single probe, SEM-TEM-SIMS, HPF-CLEM, A new workflow for high-throughput screening of mitotic mammalian cells for electron microscopy using classic histological dyes, and more. Contains contributions from experts in the field Covers topics using nano-SIMS and EDX for CLEM Presents recent advances and currently applied correlative approaches Gives detailed protocols, allowing for the application of workflows in one’s own laboratory setting Covers CLEM approaches in the context of specific applications Aims to stimulate the use of new combinations of imaging modalities

Download or read book Advanced Computational Intelligence Methods for Processing Brain Imaging Data written by Kaijian Xia and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-09 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: