Download or read book Cellular Mobile Radio Systems written by Husni Hammuda and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1998-04-07 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most radio systems have become so popular that the available frequency bands are able to meet only a fraction of the demand. This book gives practical solutions for optimizing efficiency of mobile radio cells.

Download or read book Wireless Location in CDMA Cellular Radio Systems written by James J. Caffery, Jr. and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-02 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increasing market penetration of cellular telephones, the number of E-911 calls placed by cellular telephones has grown cons- erably. This growth in E-911 calls led to a 1996 FCC ruling requiring that all cellular, PCS, and SMR licensees provide location information for the support of E-911 safety services. The provision of such location information is to be implemented in two phases. Phase I, whose deadline has already been passed, requires that wireless carriers relay the caller’s telephone number along with location of the cell site and/or sector se- ing the call, to a designated Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP). This information allows the PSAP to return the call if disconnected. Phase II, to be completed by October 1, 2001, is much more stringent and requires that the location of an E-911 caller be determined and reported with an rms location accuracy of 125 m in 67% of the cases. The applications of wireless location technology extend well beyond E-911 services. Location information can be used by cellular telephone operators themselves for more effective management of their radio - sources, so as to achieve greater spectral efficiencies. Resource m- agement algorithms such as hand-offs between cell sites, channel assi- ments, and others can all benefit from subscriber location information. Location information obtained from vehicular based cellular telephones can be used as an input to Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), and in particular traffic management and traveler information systems.

Download or read book Cellular Radio Systems written by D. M. Balston and published by Artech House Mobile Communicat. This book was released on 1993 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understand the status of all the major cellular radio systems worldwide, explore the change from analog to digital, and evaluate the differences between the new digital systems. This comprehensive source brings together the technical and commercial issues associated with all the major analog and emerging digital systems.

Download or read book Cellular Radio written by Asha Mehrotra and published by Artech House Publishers. This book was released on 1994 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering analog and digital cellular communication systems, this book outlines solutions to analog cellular signal coverage. It describes practical digital microwave schemes used to transfer information and digitized speech among cell sites, the Mobile Telephone Switching Office, and the local telephone exchange, and shows how cellular radio systems can be tied to a nationwide network. Includes 500 equations and 212 illustrations.

Download or read book Foundations of Mobile Radio Engineering written by Michel Daoud Yacoub and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foundations of Mobile Radio Engineering is a comprehensive survey covering the main topics of mobile radio systems. Concepts considered include the theory of patterns and symmetry and how it impacts hexagonal cell tessellation, long-term fading and log-normal distribution, short-term fading and Rayleigh distribution, indoor propagation and Rice dis

Download or read book Radio Resource Management in Cellular Systems written by Nishith D. Tripathi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radio Resource Management in Cellular Systems is the first book to address the critical issue of radio resource management in emerging (i.e., third generation and beyond) wireless systems. This book presents novel approaches for the design of high performance handoff algorithms that exploit attractive features of several existing algorithms, provide adaptation to dynamic cellular environment, and allow systematic tradeoffs among different system characteristics. Efficient handoff algorithms cost-effectively enhance the capacity and quality of service (QoS) of cellular systems. A comprehensive foundation of handoff and related issues of cellular communications is given. Tutorial-type material on the general features of 3G and 3.5G wireless systems (including CDMA2000, UMTS, and 1xEV-DO) is provided. Key elements for the development of simulators to study handoff and overall RF performance of the integrated voice and data cellular systems (including those based on CDMA) are also described. Finally, the powerful design tools of neural networks and fuzzy logic are applied to wireless communications, so that the generic algorithm approaches proposed in the book can be applied to many other design and development areas. The simulation models described in the book represent a single source that provides information for the performance evaluation of systems from handoff and resource management perspectives. Radio Resource Management in Cellular Systems will prove a valuable resource for system designers and practicing engineers working on design and development of third generation (and beyond) wireless systems. It may also be used as a text for advanced-level courses in wireless communications and neural networks.

Download or read book Wireless Communications written by Asrar U.H. Sheikh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wireless communication systems, since their inception in the form of cellular communications, have spread rapidly throughout the western world and the trend is catching on in the developing countries as well. These sys tems have caused revolutionary changes in the way we live. Cellular Commu nications have become important both as means of communication and as a new domain ofcommercial enterprise. Hand held telephones are now rapidly replacing the fixed telephone and in less than twenty years, the number of subscribers has reached nearly three quarters of a billion. In a short span of twenty years, the cellular communications progressed from the first genera tion to the third generation systems, which started operations in Japan on October 1,2001. The first generation wireless technology, which was thought to be obsolete is now being used for fixed wired telephony in several coun tries of Asia, Africa and Latin America. As some commentator said in 1983, the cellular system is the best thing that has happened in telecommunications since the introduction ofcomputers to the masses. This book is written to provide readers with the fundamental concepts ofwireless communications. It is intended for a graduate course on wireless communications but it could be easily adopted at the senior level by skipping material involving difficult mathematical manipulations. The text does not go through the rigorous material on mathematical treatment of electromagnetic waves and propagation, rather it emphasizes more on the practical aspects of this.

Download or read book Cellular Mobile Communication written by Gottapu Sasibhushana Rao and published by Pearson Education India. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 937 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobile Cellular Communication covers all the important aspects of cellular and mobile communications from the Internet to signals, access protocols and cellular systems and is a self-sufficient resource with adequate stress on the principles that govern the behavior of mobile communication along with the applications. The book includes applications such as designing/planning/ installation and maintenance of cellular operators, I-FI, and WIMAX, ZIBEE, BLUETOOTH and GPRS networks. It also includes advanced technologies like CDMA 2000, WCDMA, 3G, 4G and beyond 4G and contains 160 examples and 540 exercises.

Download or read book Cellular Radio written by Raymond Charles Vincent Macario and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1997 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cellular Radio, 2nd edition, gives engineers, managers, and technicians an up-to-the-minute, easily understood handle on every aspect of this exciting field. This newly revised Second Edition features complete, thoroughly illustrated coverage of cellular radio design principles, cellular radio signaling, digital cellular design - two new added chapters, multipath propagation problems, modulation techniques, speech coding, spectral efficiency considerations, layout optimization, maximization of traffic capability, complete North American and European standards, summary of ALL major worldwide cellular systems, and a wealth of new tables and diagrams.

Download or read book Personal Mobile Radio Systems written by Raymond Charles Vincent Macario and published by Institution of Electrical Engineers. This book was released on 1991 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A work on personal and mobile radio systems covering propagation models, the characteristics of fading mobile radio-channels, modulation techniques, channel coding, conventional and trunked mobile radio, switched networks, UK and pan-European cellular systems and the Telepoint system.

Download or read book Cellular Communications written by Nishith Tripathi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-09-12 with total page 871 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even as newer cellular technologies and standards emerge, many of the fundamental principles and the components of the cellular network remain the same. Presenting a simple yet comprehensive view of cellular communications technologies, Cellular Communications provides an end-to-end perspective of cellular operations, ranging from physical layer details to call set-up and from the radio network to the core network. This self-contained source for practitioners and students represents a comprehensive survey of the fundamentals of cellular communications and the landscape of commercially deployed 2G and 3G technologies and provides a glimpse of emerging 4G technologies.

Download or read book Frequency Planning Techniques for Cellular Mobile Radio Systems written by Stavros A. Kotsopoulos and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cellular Radio and Personal Communications written by Theodore S. Rappaport and published by Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers(IEEE). This book was released on 1995 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of 40 articles will be invaluable to students, practicing engineers, and researchers. Leaders in the field give key information on fundamental system design, speech coding, cellular networking, modulation techniques, and standards in some of the most useful papers available.

Download or read book Principles of Mobile Communication written by Gordon L. Stüber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Mobile Communication provides an authoritative treatment of the fundamentals of mobile communications, one of the fastest growing areas of the modern telecommunications industry. The book stresses the fundamentals of mobile communications engineering that are important for the design of any mobile system. Less emphasis is placed on the description of existing and proposed wireless standards. This focus on fundamental issues should be of benefit not only to students taking formal instruction but also to practising engineers who are likely to already have a detailed familiarity with the standards and are seeking to deepen their knowledge of this important field. The book stresses mathematical modeling and analysis, rather than providing a qualitative overview. It has been specifically developed as a textbook for graduate level instruction and a reference book for practising engineers and those seeking to pursue research in the area. The book contains sufficient background material for the novice, yet enough advanced material for a sequence of graduate level courses. Principles of Mobile Communication treats a variety of contemporary issues, many of which have been treated before only in the journals. Some material in the book has never appeared before in the literature. The book provides an up-to-date treatment of the subject area at a level of detail that is not available in other books. Also, the book is unique in that the whole range of topics covered is not presently available in any other book. Throughout the book, detailed derivations are provided and extensive references to the literature are made. This is of value to the reader wishing to gain detailed knowledge of a particular topic.

Download or read book CDMA for cellular mobile radio systems written by Chin-Chun Lee and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cellular and mobile communication written by Balamurali and published by Balamurali. This book was released on with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents 1 Introductory Concepts 1 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Evolution of Mobile Radio Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.3 Present Day Mobile Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.4 Fundamental Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.4.1 Radio Transmission Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.5 How a Mobile Call is Actually Made? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.5.1 Cellular Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.5.2 Operational Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.5.3 Making a Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.6 Future Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2 Modern Wireless Communication Systems 11 2.1 1G: First Generation Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2 2G: Second Generation Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2.1 TDMA/FDD Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.2 CDMA/FDD Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.3 2.5G Mobile Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.3 3G: Third Generation Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.3.1 3G Standards and Access Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.3.2 3G W-CDMA (UMTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.3.3 3G CDMA2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.3.4 3G TD-SCDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.4 Wireless Transmission Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.4.1 Wireless Local Loop (WLL) and LMDS . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.4.2 Bluetooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.4.3 Wireless Local Area Networks (W-LAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.4.4 WiMax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.4.5 Zigbee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.4.6 Wibree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.5 Conclusion: Beyond 3G Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3 The Cellular Engineering Fundamentals 23 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.2 What is a Cell? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.3 Frequency Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.4 Channel Assignment Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3.4.1 Fixed Channel Assignment (FCA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3.4.2 Dynamic Channel Assignment (DCA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3.5 Hando Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 3.5.1 Factors In uencing Hando s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 3.5.2 Hando s In Di erent Generations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.5.3 Hando Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.5.4 A Few Practical Problems in Hando Scenario . . . . . . . . 33 3.6 Interference & System Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.6.1 Co-channel interference (CCI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.6.2 Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.7 Enhancing Capacity And Cell Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.7.1 The Key Trade-o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.7.2 Cell-Splitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.7.3 Sectoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.7.4 Microcell Zone Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3.8 Trunked Radio System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3.9 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 4 Free Space Radio Wave Propagation 54 4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 4.2 Free Space Propagation Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4.3 Basic Methods of Propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4.3.1 Re ection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4.3.2 Di raction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 4.3.3 Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 4.4 Two Ray Re ection Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.5 Di raction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 4.5.1 Knife-Edge Di raction Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4.5.2 Fresnel Zones: the Concept of Di raction Loss . . . . . . . . 66 4.5.3 Knife-edge di raction model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 4.6 Link Budget Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 4.6.1 Log-distance Path Loss Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 4.6.2 Log Normal Shadowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 4.7 Outdoor Propagation Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 4.7.1 Okumura Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 4.7.2 Hata Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 4.8 Indoor Propagation Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 4.8.1 Partition Losses Inside a Floor (Intra- oor) . . . . . . . . . . 72 4.8.2 Partition Losses Between Floors (Inter- oor) . . . . . . . . . 73 4.8.3 Log-distance Path Loss Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 4.9 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 4.10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5 Multipath Wave Propagation and Fading 75 5.1 Multipath Propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.2 Multipath & Small-Scale Fading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.2.1 Fading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.2.2 Multipath Fading E ects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.2.3 Factors In uencing Fading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.3 Types of Small-Scale Fading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.3.1 Fading E ects due to Multipath Time Delay Spread . . . . . 77 5.3.2 Fading E ects due to Doppler Spread . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 5.3.3 Doppler Shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 5.3.4 Impulse Response Model of a Multipath Channel . . . . . . . 80 5.3.5 Relation Between Bandwidth and Received Power . . . . . . 82 5.3.6 Linear Time Varying Channels (LTV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 5.3.7 Small-Scale Multipath Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 5.4 Multipath Channel Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 5.4.1 Time Dispersion Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 5.4.2 Frequency Dispersion Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 5.5 Statistical models for multipath propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 5.5.1 NLoS Propagation: Rayleigh Fading Model . . . . . . . . . . 91 5.5.2 LoS Propagation: Rician Fading Model . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 5.5.3 Generalized Model: Nakagami Distribution . . . . . . . . . . 94 5.5.4 Second Order Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 5.6 Simulation of Rayleigh Fading Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 5.6.1 Clarke's Model: without Doppler E ect . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 5.6.2 Clarke and Gans' Model: with Doppler E ect . . . . . . . . . 96 5.6.3 Rayleigh Simulator with Wide Range of Channel Conditions 97 5.6.4 Two-Ray Rayleigh Faded Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 5.6.5 Saleh and Valenzuela Indoor Statistical Model . . . . . . . . 98 5.6.6 SIRCIM/SMRCIM Indoor/Outdoor Statistical Models . . . . 98 5.7 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 5.8 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 6 Transmitter and Receiver Techniques 101 6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 6.2 Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 6.2.1 Choice of Modulation Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 6.2.2 Advantages of Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 6.2.3 Linear and Non-linear Modulation Techniques . . . . . . . . . 103 6.2.4 Amplitude and Angle Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 6.2.5 Analog and Digital Modulation Techniques . . . . . . . . . . 104 6.3 Signal Space Representation of Digitally Modulated Signals . . . . . 104 6.4 Complex Representation of Linear Modulated Signals and Band Pass Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 6.5 Linear Modulation Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 6.5.1 Amplitude Modulation (DSBSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 6.5.2 BPSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 6.5.3 QPSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 6.5.4 O set-QPSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 6.5.5 =4 DQPSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 6.6 Line Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 6.7 Pulse Shaping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 6.7.1 Nyquist pulse shaping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 6.7.2 Raised Cosine Roll-O Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 6.7.3 Realization of Pulse Shaping Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 6.8 Nonlinear Modulation Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 6.8.1 Angle Modulation (FM and PM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 6.8.2 BFSK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 6.9 GMSK Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 6.10 GMSK Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 6.11 Two Practical Issues of Concern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 6.11.1 Inter Channel Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 6.11.2 Power Ampli er Nonlinearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 6.12 Receiver performance in multipath channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 6.12.1 Bit Error Rate and Symbol Error Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 6.13 Example of a Multicarrier Modulation: OFDM . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 6.13.1 Orthogonality of Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 6.13.2 Mathematical Description of OFDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 6.14 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 6.15 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 7 Techniques to Mitigate Fading E ects 129 7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 7.2 Equalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 7.2.1 A Mathematical Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 7.2.2 Zero Forcing Equalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 7.2.3 A Generic Adaptive Equalizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 7.2.4 Choice of Algorithms for Adaptive Equalization . . . . . . . . 134 7.3 Diversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 7.3.1 Di erent Types of Diversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 7.4 Channel Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 7.4.1 Shannon's Channel Capacity Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 7.4.2 Block Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 7.4.3 Convolutional Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 7.4.4 Concatenated Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 7.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 7.6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 8 Multiple Access Techniques 157 8.1 Multiple Access Techniques for Wireless Communication . . . . . . . 157 8.1.1 Narrowband Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 8.1.2 Wideband Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 8.2 Frequency Division Multiple Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 8.2.1 FDMA/FDD in AMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 8.2.2 FDMA/TDD in CT2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 8.2.3 FDMA and Near-Far Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 8.3 Time Division Multiple Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 8.3.1 TDMA/FDD in GSM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 8.3.2 TDMA/TDD in DECT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 8.4 Spread Spectrum Multiple Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 8.4.1 Frequency Hopped Multiple Access (FHMA) . . . . . . . . . 163 8.4.2 Code Division Multiple Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 8.4.3 CDMA and Self-interference Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 8.4.4 CDMA and Near-Far Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 8.4.5 Hybrid Spread Spectrum Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 8.5 Space Division Multiple Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 8.6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 8.7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Download or read book Modern Personal Radio Systems written by Raymond Charles Vincent Macario and published by IET. This book was released on 1996 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A text providing insight into the fundamantal problems and solutions found in modern personal communications: service requirements, coverage problems, fundamental interference, cellular architectures and signalling, network management, data and supplementary services, and satellite services. Also describes the approach of the GSM methodology to some of these problems, although the same principles apply to DCS 1800 and other technologies. This volume builds on and updates a 1991 IEE text, Personal and Mobile Radio Systems by the same editor. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR