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Book Models in Environmental Regulatory Decision Making

Download or read book Models in Environmental Regulatory Decision Making written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-08-25 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many regulations issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are based on the results of computer models. Models help EPA explain environmental phenomena in settings where direct observations are limited or unavailable, and anticipate the effects of agency policies on the environment, human health and the economy. Given the critical role played by models, the EPA asked the National Research Council to assess scientific issues related to the agency's selection and use of models in its decisions. The book recommends a series of guidelines and principles for improving agency models and decision-making processes. The centerpiece of the book's recommended vision is a life-cycle approach to model evaluation which includes peer review, corroboration of results, and other activities. This will enhance the agency's ability to respond to requirements from a 2001 law on information quality and improve policy development and implementation.

Book Environmental Modelling Software and Decision Support

Download or read book Environmental Modelling Software and Decision Support written by Anthony J. Jakeman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-09-11 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complex and multidisciplinary nature of environmental problems requires that they are dealt with in an integrated manner. Modeling and software have become key instruments used to promote sustainability and improve environmental decision processes, especially through systematic integration of various knowledge and data and their ability to foster learning and help make predictions. This book presents the current state-of-the-art in environmental modeling and software and identifies the future challenges in the field. State-of-the-art in environmental modeling and software theory and practice for integrated assessment and management serves as a starting point for researchers Identifies the areas of research and practice required for advancing the requisite knowledge base and tools, and their wider usage Best practices of environmental modeling enables the reader to select appropriate software and gives the reader tools to integrate natural system dynamics with human dimensions

Book Fuzzy Systems Modeling in Environmental and Health Risk Assessment

Download or read book Fuzzy Systems Modeling in Environmental and Health Risk Assessment written by Boris Faybishenko and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-04-04 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demonstrates the successful application of fuzzy systems modeling to real-world environmental and health problems In Fuzzy Systems Modeling in Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, a team of distinguished researchers delivers an up-to-date collection of the most successful and innovative attempts to apply fuzzy logic to problems involving environmental risk assessment, healthcare decision-making, the management of water distribution networks, and the optimization of water treatment and waste management systems. By explaining both the theoretical and practical aspects of using fuzzy systems modeling methods to solve complex problems, analyze risks and optimize system performance, this handy guide maintains a strongly application-oriented perspective throughout, offering readers a practical treatment of a cutting-edge subject. Readers will also find: Comprehensive explorations of the practical applications of fuzzy systems modeling in hydrogeology and environmental science Practical advice on environmental quality assessments and human health risk analyses In-depth case studies involving air and water pollution, solid waste, indoor swimming pool and landfill risk assessments, wastewater treatment, and more Perfect for environmental engineers and scientists, hydrogeologists and geologists, Fuzzy Systems Modeling in Environmental and Health Risk Assessment will also benefit policy makers, mathematicians, theoretical hydrologists, and researchers and practitioners interested in applying soft computing theories to environmental problems.

Book Simulation Modelling of Environmental Problems

Download or read book Simulation Modelling of Environmental Problems written by François N. Frenkiel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1978 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environemntal problems. Simulation modelling and systems analysis. Purposes of environmental modelling. The decision-maker's outlook. The model builder'outlook. Environmental simulation modelling. Problem of modelling for decision-making. Case studies of simulation modelling. Recent experiment in simulation modelling for environmental management experience in simulation modelling for enviromental management in different countries. Possible areas for improvements. Priorities for improvements in enviromental modelling.

Book Applying and Improving Air Quality Models for Environmental Justice and Policy oriented Research

Download or read book Applying and Improving Air Quality Models for Environmental Justice and Policy oriented Research written by Ciaran L. Gallagher and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing systemic inequitable exposure to ambient PM2.5 concentrations requires air quality data at spatial scales that match decision-making processes. Reduced-form air quality models (RFM) can support equitable pollution mitigation design for policymakers and community advocates. We endeavor to improve and increase accessibility of RFMs while applying them to investigate research questions posed by our non-profit advocacy research partners. This dissertation uses the lens of environmental justice to investigate potential policy solutions at the national and city level. First, we model three large-scale decarbonization scenarios using the U.S. EPA CO-Benefits Risk Assessment Health Impacts Screening Tool (COBRA) and identify the relative exposure reduction benefit across race and ethnicity. Black populations are the only group to experience relative exposure reduction benefits compared to the total population in every scenario. The magnitudes of total air quality improvements by scenario vary across regions of the U.S., and generally do not align with the decarbonization policy that achieves the largest equity goal. Only the transportation decarbonization scenario meets the criteria of the Justice40 Initiative nationwide. The second section of this dissertation works to improve the available air pollution modeling tools by investigating how integrating satellite observations can correct the Intervention Model for Air Pollution (InMAP). While the InMAP model can be a powerful tool for equitable policy design and environmental justice inquiries, the model has errors that limit its relevance to city-scale analysis. We find that applying scaling factors to cities or individual grid cells achieves model performance goals for normalized mean bias and normalized mean error. Finally, we deploy the corrected InMAP model to investigate emissions source contributions to ambient PM2.5 and pollution exposure disparities by race/ethnicity for each emissions source in the 100 largest U.S. cities. Black, Latino, and Asian city residents on average are more exposed to on-road transportation (6 - 14%), industry (-1 - 9%), and non-point sources (7 - 17%). However, we find that there is considerable variation in both the relative source contribution and exposure disparity metrics across cities, highlighting the importance of city-specific analyses.

Book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XV

Download or read book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XV written by Carlos Borrego and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1969 the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established the Committee on Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS). The subject of air pollution was from the start, one of the priority problems under study within the framework of various pilot studies undertaken by this committee. The organization of a periodic conference dealing with air pollution modelling and its application has become one of the main activities within the pilot study relating to air pollution. These international conferences were successively organized by the United States (first five); Federal Republic of Germany (five); Belgium (five); The Netherlands (four) and Denmark (five). With this one Portugal takes over the duty. This volume contains the papers and poster abstracts presented at the NATO/CCMS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application held in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, during 15-19 October 2001. This ITM was jointly organized by the University of Aveiro, Portugal (Pilot country) and by the Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium (host country). The ITM was attended by 78 participants representing 26 countries from Western and Eastern Europe, North and South America, Asia, Australia and Africa. The main topics of this ITM were : Role of Atmospheric Models in Air Pollution Policy and Abatement Strategies; Integrated Regional Modelling; Global and Long-Range Transport; Regional Air Pollution and Climate; New Developments; and Model Assessment and Verification.

Book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XVIII

Download or read book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XVIII written by Carlos Borrego and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 905 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in air pollution modeling are explored as a series of contributions from researchers at the forefront of their field. This book on air quality modeling and its applications is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modeling, data assimilation and air quality forecasting, model assessment and validation, aerosol transformation, the relationship between air quality and human health and the effects of climate change on air quality. It consists of a series of papers that were presented at the 28th NATO/CCMS Conference on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application held in Leipzig, Germany, May 15-19, 2006. It is intended as reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modeling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models. *Discusses cutting-edge developments on air pollution modeling and air quality issues *Presents topical and highly relevant subjects to the air quality and modeling research community *Provides material that can be used to further improve air quality modeling and to inform the community about recent and novel developments in the field

Book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XVII

Download or read book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XVII written by Carlos Borrego and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-05 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1969 the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) established the Committee on Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS). The subject of air pol- tion was from the start, one of the priority problems under study within the fra- work of various pilot studies undertaken by this committee. The organization of a periodic conference dealing with air pollution modeling and its application has become one of the main activities within the pilot study relating to air pollution. The first five international conferences were organized by the United States as the pilot country; the second five by the Federal Republic of Germany; the third five by Belgium; the next four by The Netherlands; and the next five by Denmark; and with this one, the last three by Portugal. th This volume contains the papers and posters presented at the 27 NATO/CCMS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application held in Banff, Canada, 24-29 October 2004. The key topics at this ITM included: Role of Atmospheric Models in Air Pollution Policy and Abatement Strategies; Integrated Regional Modeling; Effects of Climate Change on Air Quality; Aerosols as Atmospheric Contaminants; New Developments; and Model Assessment and Verification. 104 participants from North and South America, Europe, Africa and Asia attended th the 27 ITM. The conference was jointly organized by the University of Aveiro, Portugal (Pilot Country) and by The University of Calgary, Canada (Host Country). A total of 74 oral and 22 poster papers were presented during the conference.

Book Models in Environmental Regulatory Decision Making

Download or read book Models in Environmental Regulatory Decision Making written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-07-25 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many regulations issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are based on the results of computer models. Models help EPA explain environmental phenomena in settings where direct observations are limited or unavailable, and anticipate the effects of agency policies on the environment, human health and the economy. Given the critical role played by models, the EPA asked the National Research Council to assess scientific issues related to the agency's selection and use of models in its decisions. The book recommends a series of guidelines and principles for improving agency models and decision-making processes. The centerpiece of the book's recommended vision is a life-cycle approach to model evaluation which includes peer review, corroboration of results, and other activities. This will enhance the agency's ability to respond to requirements from a 2001 law on information quality and improve policy development and implementation.

Book Mathematical Models for Planning and Controlling Air Quality

Download or read book Mathematical Models for Planning and Controlling Air Quality written by Giorgio Fronza and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-17 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical Models for Planning and Controlling Air Quality documents the proceedings of an IIASA Workshop on Mathematical Models for Planning and Controlling Air Quality, October 1979. The Workshop had two goals. The first was to contribute to bridging the gap between air-quality modeling and management. The second was to consider an unusual air-quality control strategy: namely, real-time emission control. The book is organized into two parts, corresponding roughly to the two goals outlined above. Part One examines the role of mathematical models in air-quality planning and includes: a presentation of a decision maker's viewpoint; illustrations of various types of models (descriptive and/or decision models) available to decision makers; assessments of the role of models in actual decision making; and two papers on the more traditional question of the significance and range of application of descriptive models, i.e., of models that represent the physics of the air-pollution phenomenon. Part Two is devoted primarily to real-time control. It includes a presentation of the IIASA case study of the Venetian lagoon; and papers on various aspects of this research; on alternative concentration predictors; and descriptions of implementations of real-time forecast and control schemes in Japan and Italy.

Book Assessments of Regional and Global Environmental Risks

Download or read book Assessments of Regional and Global Environmental Risks written by Alexander E. Farrell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As environmental challenges grow larger in scale and implications, it is increasingly important to apply the best scientific knowledge in the decisionmaking process. Editors Farrell and Jäger present environmental assessments as the bridge between the expert knowledge of scientists and engineers on the one hand and decisionmakers on the other. When done well, assessments have a positive impact on public policy, the strategic decisions of private firms, and, ultimately, the quality of life for many people. This book is the result of an international, interdisciplinary research project to analyze past environmental assessments and understand how their design influenced their effectiveness in bringing scientific evidence and insight into the decisionmaking process. The case studies in the book feature a wide range of regional and global risks, including ozone depletion, transboundary air pollution, and climate change. Assessments of Regional and Global Environmental Risks offers several important contributions. It provides a clear account of the choices faced in the design of environmental assessments and a clear description of the lessons learned from past assessments. It illustrates why assessments are social processes, not simply reports. And, while they identify no universal, one-size-fits-all design, the authors find that, to be effective, environmental assessments must be viewed by those who produce and use them as being salient; credible in their scientific support; and legitimate, or fair in design and execution.

Book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXIII

Download or read book Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXIII written by Douw Steyn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in air pollution modelling are explored as a series of contributions from researchers at the forefront of their field. This newest contribution on air pollution modelling and its application is focused on local, urban, regional and intercontinental modelling; data assimilation and air quality forecasting; model assessment and evaluation; aerosol transformation. Additionally, this work also examines the relationship between air quality and human health and the effects of climate change on air quality. The work derives from a series of papers presented at the 33rd International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and its Application held in Miami, USA, August 27 - 31, 2013. The book is intended as reference material for students and professors interested in air pollution modelling at the graduate level as well as researchers and professionals involved in developing and utilizing air pollution models.