Download or read book Ancient Cities written by Charles River Charles River Editors and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures depicting important people and places. *Comprehensively covers Carthage's rise and fall, including the Punic Wars. *Includes a bibliography for further reading. "Ceterum autem censeo Carthaginem esse delendam." ("Furthermore, I consider it imperative that Carthage be destroyed.") - Cato the Elder At its peak, the wealthy Carthaginian empire dominated the Mediterranean against the likes of Greece and Rome, with commercial enterprises and influence stretching from Spain to Turkey, and at several points in history it had a very real chance of replacing the fledgling Roman empire or the failing Greek poleis (city-states) altogether as master of the Mediterranean. Although Carthage by far preferred to exert economic pressure and influence before resorting to direct military power (and even went so far as to rely primarily on mercenary armies paid with its vast wealth for much of its history, it nonetheless produced a number of outstanding generals, from the likes of Hanno Magnus to, of course, the great bogeyman of Roman nightmares himself: Hannibal. Through clever use of force projection, both by maintaining a large and very active navy to dominate the seaborne routes along which most of their vast trading empire's lifeblood flowed and by paying allies with gold or recruiting mercenary armies to fight for them, Carthage was able to go from a minor Phoenician settlement to one of the most powerful trading empires of antiquity. However, the Carthaginians' foreign policy had one fatal flaw; they had a knack over the centuries of picking the worst enemies they could possibly enter into conflict with. The first serious clash of civilizations which Carthage was involved with was Greece. Unfortunately for the Carthaginians, it would not endure the next major confrontation. Certain foreign policy decisions led to continuing enmity between Carthage and the burgeoning power of Rome, and what followed was a series of wars which turned from a battle for Mediterranean hegemony into an all-out struggle for survival, with Hannibal crossing the Alps and threatening Rome itself during the Second Punic War and Roman legions smashing Carthage to rubble at the end of the Third Punic War. As legend has it, the Romans literally salted the ground upon which Carthage stood to ensure its destruction once and for all. Despite having a major influence on the Mediterranean for nearly five centuries, little evidence of Carthage's past might survives. The city itself was reduced virtually to nothing by the Romans, who sought to erase all physical evidence of its existence, and though its ruins have been excavated they have not provided anywhere near the wealth of archaeological items or evidence as ancient locations like Rome, Athens, Syracuse, or even Troy. Today, Carthage is a largely unremarkable suburb of the city of Tunis, and though there are some impressive ancient monuments there for tourists to explore, the large majority of these are the result of later Roman settlement. Ancient Cities: The History of Carthage comprehensively covers the history of Rome's famous rival, analyzing the rise and fall of the Carthaginian empire. Along with pictures and a bibliography, you will learn about Carthage like you never have before, in no time at all.

Download or read book Carthage Must Be Destroyed written by Richard Miles and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2011-07-21 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first full-scale history of Hannibal's Carthage in decades and "a convincing and enthralling narrative." (The Economist ) Drawing on a wealth of new research, archaeologist, historian, and master storyteller Richard Miles resurrects the civilization that ancient Rome struggled so mightily to expunge. This monumental work charts the entirety of Carthage's history, from its origins among the Phoenician settlements of Lebanon to its apotheosis as a Mediterranean empire whose epic land-and-sea clash with Rome made a legend of Hannibal and shaped the course of Western history. Carthage Must Be Destroyed reintroduces readers to the ancient glory of a lost people and their generations-long struggle against an implacable enemy.

Download or read book The Carthaginians written by Dexter Hoyos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Carthaginians reveals the complex culture, society and achievements of a famous, yet misunderstood, ancient people. Beginning as Phoenician settlers in North Africa, the Carthaginians then broadened their civilization with influences from neighbouring North African peoples, Egypt, and the Greek world. Their own cultural influence in turn spread across the Western Mediterranean as they imposed dominance over Sardinia, western Sicily, and finally southern Spain. As a stable republic Carthage earned respectful praise from Greek observers, notably Aristotle, and from many Romans – even Cato, otherwise notorious for insisting that ‘Carthage must be destroyed’. Carthage matched the great city-state of Syracuse in power and ambition, then clashed with Rome for mastery of the Mediterranean West. For a time, led by her greatest general Hannibal, she did become the leading power between the Atlantic and the Adriatic. It was chiefly after her destruction in 146 BC that Carthage came to be depicted by Greeks and Romans as an alien civilization, harsh, gloomy and bloodstained. Demonising the victim eased the embarrassment of Rome’s aggression; Virgil in his Aeneid was one of the few to offer a more sensitive vision. Exploring both written and archaeological evidence, The Carthaginians reveals a complex, multicultural and innovative people whose achievements left an indelible impact on their Roman conquerors and on history.

Download or read book Carthage and the Carthaginians written by Reginald Bosworth Smith and published by Hesperides Press. This book was released on 1878 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. Hesperides Press are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.

Download or read book Carthage and Her Remains written by Nathan Davis and published by Nabu Press. This book was released on 2014-01 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Carthage And Her Remains: Being An Account Of The Excavations And Researches On The Site Of The Phoenician Metropolis In Africa, And Other Adjacent Places Nathan Davis R. Bentley, 1861 History; Ancient; General; Archaeological expeditions; Carthage; Carthage (Ancient city); Carthage (Extinct city); Excavations (Archaeology); History / Ancient / General; Tunisia

Download or read book Ruined Cities Within Numidian and Carthaginian Territories written by Nathan Davis and published by . This book was released on 1862 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Carthage and her Remains written by N. Davis and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-06-12 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1861.

Download or read book Carthage and Her Remains Being an Account of the Excavations and Researches on the Site of the Phoenician Metropolis in Africa Etc written by Nathan Davis and published by . This book was released on 1861 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Carthage written by Captivating History and published by . This book was released on 2020-05 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very few of the ancient empires and nations were able to challenge the Romans, who were famous for their military might. Even fewer were able to make them shiver just by mentioning their name. In fact, only one enemy of Rome managed to engrave such fear into their bones. That was Carthage, sometimes called the Carthaginian Empire.

Download or read book Ruined Cities Within Numidian and Carthaginian Territories written by Nathan Davis and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new impression of Davis' 1862 original. Packed with local detail and always entertaining, Ruined Cities constitutes an important addition to the study of the 'Classic portions of North Africa'and will appeal to all with an interest in that most magical of regions. Though the parts of North Africa in which Nathan Davis was specifically interested had been partly penetrated by the time he came to write 'Ruined Cities' (1862), the accounts that existed were, as he writes in his preface, far from satisfactory. The various explorations made in the eighteenth century and even those made in the first half of the nineteenth century (after the French conquest of a large part of North Africa had resulted in levels of access hitherto unknown) were limited, not by lack of enterprise on the part of those who made them, but by the many dangers and restrictions attendant upon the traveller in that part of the world. Already something of an authority on the ancient city of Carthage located on the Gulf of Tunisia, it is in this context and with this in mind that Nathan Davis takes us on a journey through the eponymous 'ruined cities' of the Carthaginian and Numidian territories.

Download or read book Tyre Carthage written by Charles River and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2023-12-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the eastern Mediterranean there has been discovered a great number of objects whose appearance or materials are extraneous to local cultures, whether it was an Egyptian amulet in Greece, a Greek vase in Africa, or thousands of strange amulets in Gibraltar. The remains are evidence that a huge amount of goods was once moved from one land to another, systematically transported and traded across the Mediterranean by the ancient commercial network of the Phoenicians. Beginning in the 13th century BCE, and lasting for more than a millennium, this civilization dominated the most important body of water known to the ancients. With their formidable ships and skills in trading, they made a name for themselves by trading between Egypt, Greece, Rome, Carthage, Sardinia, Spain, and eventually all the way to the Atlantic Ocean, establishing themselves as the undisputed lords of the sea. A network of this size, with hundreds of colonies and thousands of ships, had to be well - coordinated, and it was thanks to important cities along the Mediterranean coast. One of the most crucial cities in the system was hidden beneath the Greek, Roman, and Crusader ruins of Lebanon: the ancient city of Tyre. "Seated at entrance to the sea," according to the prophet Ezekiel, Tyre was constructed on a purportedly impenetrable island. When Herodotus of Halicarnassus visited it in the 5th century BCE, Tyre was considered to be one of the oldest and wealthiest metropolises of the world, and indeed, the city can be directly associated with some of the most important stages in the history of mankind: the discovery of the alphabet; that of the purple pigment known as Tyrian Purple; the construction in Jerusalem of the Temple of Solomon; and the exploration of the seas by hardy navigators who sailed as far as the Western Mediterranean and founded trading centers at Utica, Cadiz and Carthage - a city that would ultimately assure a monopoly of Phoenician control over the maritime commerce in the region but eventually surpass the power of its founder. Today, Tyre is best known because of the famous siege conducted by Alexander the Great of Macedonia, who blockaded the straits between the island and mainland before his final assault. Then a Greek city, it was followed in 64 BCE by Roman rule, and later a Crusader stronghold was constructed on this historically charged site. Carthage is, without a doubt, one of the great ancient civilizations. At its peak, the wealthy Carthaginian empire dominated the Mediterranean against the likes of Greece and Rome, with commercial enterprises and influence stretching from Spain to Turkey, and at several points in history it had a very real chance of replacing the fledgling Roman empire or the failing Greek poleis (city - states) altogether as master of the Mediterranean. Although Carthage by far preferred to exert economic pressure and influence before resorting to direct military power (and even went so far as to rely primarily on mercenary armies paid with its vast wealth for much of its history, it nonetheless produced a number of outstanding generals, from the likes of Hanno Magnus to, of course, the great bogeyman of Roman nightmares himself: Hannibal. Through clever use of force projection, both by maintaining a large and very active navy to dominate the seaborne routes along which most of their vast trading empire's lifeblood flowed and by paying allies with gold or recruiting mercenary armies to fight for them, Carthage was able to go from a minor Phoenician settlement to one of the most powerful trading empires of antiquity. Unfortunately for the Carthaginians, it would not endure the next major confrontation. Certain foreign policy decisions led to continuing enmity between Carthage and the burgeoning power of Rome, and what followed was a series of wars which turned from a battle for Mediterranean hegemony into an all - out struggle for survival.

Download or read book What If Carthage Won the Punic Wars An Alternative History of the Conflict Between Rome and Carthage written by Charles River and published by . This book was released on 2020-09-21 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading Rome and Carthage rarely could maintain peace after the end of the 4th century BCE. As the two most powerful civilizations in the western Mediterranean, they were destined to clash, curse or not. Roman historians placed the foundation of Carthage at approximately 814 BCE, several decades before Rome. The settlers of Carthage were of Phoenician descent, tracing their ancestry back to the great city of Tyre on the southern coast of Lebanon, but Carthage soon transformed from a minor Phoenician colony into the capital of its own growing civilization. The city itself was well positioned for shipping, and it soon dominated maritime trade. Along with that, the Carthaginians built a powerful and well-trained navy, whose protection, combined with its strategic location, made the city of Carthage a formidable prospect to attack. At its height, Carthage housed several hundred thousand inhabitants, living under a republican governmental system operated by the Carthaginian Senate. As Carthage grew, it began to expand, conquering by sea and establishing new colonies to improve trade networks. One of the Carthaginians' key objectives was Sicily. Certain foreign policy decisions led to continuing enmity between Carthage and the burgeoning power of Rome, and what followed was a series of wars which turned from a battle for Mediterranean hegemony into an all-out struggle for survival. Although the Romans gained the upper hand in the wake of the First Punic War, Hannibal brought the Romans to their knees for over a decade during the Second Punic War. While military historians are still amazed that he was able to maintain his army in Italy near Rome for nearly 15 years, scholars are still puzzled over some of his decisions, including why he never attempted to march on Rome in the first place. After the serious threat Hannibal posed during the Second Punic War, the Romans didn't wait much longer to take the fight to the Carthaginians in the Third Punic War, which ended with Roman legions smashing Carthage to rubble. As legend has it, the Romans literally salted the ground upon which Carthage stood to ensure its destruction once and for all. Despite having a major influence on the Mediterranean for nearly five centuries, little evidence of Carthage's past might survives. The city itself was reduced to nothing by the Romans, who sought to erase all physical evidence of its existence, and though its ruins have been excavated, they have not provided anywhere near the wealth of archaeological items or evidence as ancient locations like Rome, Athens, Syracuse, or even Troy. Today, Carthage is a largely unremarkable suburb of the city of Tunis, and though there are some impressive ancient monuments there for tourists to explore, the large majority of these are the result of later Roman settlement. The Punic Wars spanned more than a century, brought the loss of approximately 400,000 lives, and eventually led to the utter defeat and destruction of Carthage, but it was no easy victory for Rome, and on several occasions the young Roman Republic was close to annihilation. Given what happened in the wake of the Punic Wars, historians have long been left to ponder what might have happened had the Carthaginians won, especially given how close Hannibal came to accomplishing such a victory against Rome during the Second Punic War. What if Carthage Won the Punic Wars? An Alternative History of the Conflict Between Rome and Carthage profiles the conflict and examines how events may have gone quite differently for Europe if Rome had been defeated.

Download or read book Carthage written by R. F. Docter and published by . This book was released on 2015-05-12 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carthage is mainly known as the city that was utterly destroyed by the Romans in 146 BC. This book tells the story about this fascinating city, which for centuries was the center of a far-flung trade network in the Mediterranean. Carthage was founded by Phoenician migrants, who settled in the north of what is now Tunisia, probably in the ninth century BC. The city's strategic location was key to its success. From here, the Carthaginians could dominate both seafaring trade and the overland trade with the African interior. Carthage, Fact and Myth presents the most recent views of Carthaginian society, its commerce and politics, and the way its society was organized. Chapters, written by leading experts, describe the founding of Carthage, its merchant and war fleets, and the devastating wars with Rome. These include the campaigns of the famous Carthaginian commander Hannibal who crossed the Alps with his army and elephants to pose a grave threat to Rome, but he was ultimately unable to prevail. Tunisian experts describe Roman Carthage - the city as it was rebuilt by the Emperor Augustus - and discuss the later Christian period. Finally, the reader encounters a wealth of information about European images of Carthage, from 16th-century prints to the Alix series of comics.

Download or read book The Story of Carthage written by Alfred John Church and published by . This book was released on 1886 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hannibal written by Richard A. Gabriel and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2011-02-28 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Romans' destruction of Carthage after the Third Punic War erased any Carthaginian historical record of Hannibal's life. What we know of him comes exclusively from Roman historians who had every interest in minimizing his success, exaggerating his failures, and disparaging his character. The charges leveled against Hannibal include greed, cruelty and atrocity, sexual indulgence, and even cannibalism. But even these sources were forced to grudgingly admit to Hannibal's military genius, if only to make their eventual victory over him appear greater. Yet there is no doubt that Hannibal was the greatest Carthaginian general of the Second Punic War. When he did not defeat them outright, he fought to a standstill the best generals Rome produced, and he sustained his army in the field for sixteen long years without mutiny or desertion. Hannibal was a first-rate tactician, only a somewhat lesser strategist, and the greatest enemy Rome ever faced. When he at last met defeat at the hands of the Roman general Scipio, it was against an experienced officer who had to strengthen and reconfigure the Roman legion and invent mobile tactics in order to succeed. Even so, Scipio's victory at Zama was against an army that was a shadow of its former self. The battle could easily have gone the other way. If it had, the history of the West would have been changed in ways that can only be imagined. Richard A. Gabriel's brilliant new biography shows how Hannibal's genius nearly unseated the Roman Empire.

Download or read book History of Hannibal the Carthaginian Primary Source Edition written by Jacob Abbott and published by Nabu Press. This book was released on 2014-02-22 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ History Of Hannibal The Carthaginian; Abbott's Histories; Makers Of History; Altemus' Young People's Library; Preservation And Access For American And British Children's Literature, 1850-1869; Volume 111 Of Harvard Social Studies Textbooks Preservation Microfilm Project Jacob Abbott Harper, 1899 History; Ancient; Rome; Carthage (Ancient city); Carthage (Extinct city); Generals; History / Ancient / Rome; History, Ancient; Mediterranean Region; Punic War, 2d, 218-201 B.C; Punic War, 2nd, 218-201 B.C; Punic wars; Rome; Rome (Italy); Soldiers; War

Download or read book Carthage and Tunis written by Amos Perry and published by . This book was released on 1869 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: