Download or read book Cartels Competition and Public Procurement written by Stefan Weishaar and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ÔThis volume is long overdue. Integrated legal and economic analysis of competition law is crucial given the nature of the sector. However to carry this off successfully, one either needs intensive editorial work to bring different teams together; or one has to rely on the few who master both economic and legal analysis to a tee. Stefan WeishaarÕs analysis not only looks at a stubborn issue in competition law. He does so in three jurisdictions, in detailed yet clear fashion, with clear insight and ditto conclusions. Over and above its relevance to academic analysis, this book can go straight into competition authoritiesÕ decision making, and therefore also in compliance and remediation advice.Õ Ð Geert Van Calster, University of Leuven, Belgium Cartels, Competition and Public Procurement uses a law and economics approach to analyse whether competition and public procurement laws in Europe and Asia deal effectively with bid rigging conspiracies. Stefan Weishaar explores the ways in which economic theory can be used to mitigate the adverse effects of bid rigging cartels. The study sheds light on one of the vital issues for achieving cost-effective public procurement Ð which is itself a critical question in the context of the global financial crisis. The book comprehensively examines whether different laws deal effectively with bid rigging and the ways in which economic theory can be used to mitigate the adverse effects of such cartels. The employed industrial economics and auction theory highlights shortcomings of the law in all three jurisdictions Ð the European Union, China and Japan Ð and seeks to raise the awareness of policymakers as to when extra precautionary measures against bid rigging conspiracies should be taken. Students and researchers who have a keen interest in the relationship between law and economics, competition law and public procurement law will find this topical book invaluable. Practitioners can see how economic theory can be used to identify situations that lend themselves to bid rigging and policymakers will be informed about the shortcomings of existing legislation from a legal and economics perspective and will be inspired by approaches taken in different jurisdictions.
Download or read book Fighting Cross Border Cartels written by Pierre Horna and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first detailed treatment of the approaches taken to enforce competition laws against cross-border cartels (CBCs) from the perspective of young and small competition authorities (more than 70% of the total number of authorities worldwide). No other legal or inter-disciplinary scholarship exists in the market that deals with the issue of a taxonomy of CBCs combined with young/small competition authorities' problems. The book looks at the extent of the harms caused by CBCs and issues associated with tackling them at a transnational level. It explains why past solutions to problems with cooperation have failed and proposes novel ideas on how to improve cooperation and coordination in certain types of CBC investigations (transnational and regional CBCs). The proposals are based on primary-source information and observations made by the author as part of his work in the UN, and interviews with leading enforcers from young, small, old and large jurisdictions. Young/small competition authorities, competition lawyers and economists, scholars and students within the fields of competition law and international law, and those interested in international cooperation and coordination in the area of cartel enforcement in emerging markets will greatly benefit from this book. It is clearly structured and extensively referenced, providing a valuable guide to the topic.
Download or read book Cartels and Anti Competitive Agreements written by Sandra Marco Colino and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antitrust is fast becoming a ’trending topic’, with over 120 countries having already adopted some form of competition legislation. This volume brings together carefully selected articles which reflect the evolution and progression of the regulation of joint conduct under competition law on both sides of the Atlantic, and which discuss principles of fundamental importance for antitrust law. The articles focus on various kinds of joint conduct between companies which might bear negative effects on competition, in particular on horizontal cartels and collusion between competitors. Attention is also paid to the debate surrounding the most adequate approach for vertical agreements, which take place between firms operating at different levels of production. Their effects on competition have traditionally been one of the most disputed issues in modern antitrust, and tend to divide the principal schools of thought that have influenced the evolution of competition policy around the world. The articles look primarily at two of the most established antitrust jurisdictions, namely the United States and the European Union. They discuss the general theoretical framework that has influenced the evolution of the law and policy; cover the most relevant practical developments; provide contrasting doctrinal views and pay particular attention to the main schools of thought that have influenced antitrust in the US and the EU; and are representative of the leading discussions in the course of antitrust history.
Download or read book Hub and Spoke Cartels written by Luke Garrod and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive economic and legal analysis of hub-and-spoke cartels, with detailed case studies. A cartel forms when competitors conspire to limit competition through coordinated actions. Most cartels are composed exclusively of firms that would otherwise be in competition, but in a hub-and-spoke cartel, those competitors (“spokes”) conspire with the assistance of an upstream supplier or a downstream buyer (“hub”). This book provides the first comprehensive economic and legal analysis of hub-and-spoke cartels, explaining their formation and how they operate to create and sustain a collusive environment. Sixteen detailed case studies, including cases brought against toy manufacturer Hasbro and the Apple ebook case, illustrate the economic framework and legal strategies discussed. The authors identify three types of hub-and-spoke cartels: when an upstream firm facilitates downstream firms to coordinate on higher prices; when a downstream intermediary facilitates upstream suppliers to coordinate on higher prices; and when a downstream firm facilitates upstream suppliers to exclude a downstream rival. They devote a chapter to each type, discussing the formation, coordination, enforcement, efficacy, and prosecution of these cartels, and consider general lessons that can be drawn from the case studies. Finally, they present strategies for prosecuting hub-and-spoke collusion. The book is written to be accessible to both economists and lawyers, and is intended for both scholars and practitioners.
Download or read book Regulating Competition written by Susanna Fellman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cartels, trusts and agreements to reduce competition between firms have existed for centuries, but became particularly prevalent toward the end of the 19th century. In the mid-20th century governments began to use so called ‘cartel registers’ to monitor and regulate their behaviour. This book provides cases studies from more than a dozen countries to examine the emergence, application and eventual decline of this form of regulation. Beginning with a comparison of the attitudes to regulation that led to monitoring, rather than prohibiting cartels, this book examines the international studies on cartels undertaken by the League of Nations before World War II. This is followed by a series of studies on the context of the registers, including the international context of the European Union, and the importance of lobby groups in shaping regulatory outcomes, using Finland as an example. Section two provides a broad international comparison of several countries’ registers, with individual studies on Norway, Australia, Japan, Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands. After examining the impact of registration on business behaviour in the insurance industry, this book concludes with an overview of the lessons to be learnt from 20th century efforts to regulate competition. With a foreword by Harm Schroter, this book outlines the rise and fall of a system that allowed nations to tailor their approach to regulating competition to their individual circumstances whilst also responding to the pressures of globalisation that emerged after the Second World War. This book is suitable for those who are interested in and study economic history, international economics and business history.
Download or read book Cartels Or Competition written by George Ward Stocking and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fighting Hard core Cartels Harm Effective Sanctions and Leniency Programmes written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-05-29 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contributes to the existing knowledge about the extent of cartels' overcharges and other harm to businesses and consumers worldwide, and sheds light on new and effective "leniency programmes", as well as on optimal sanctions in cartel cases.
Download or read book Votes Drugs and Violence written by Guillermo Trejo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most surprising developments in Mexico's transition to democracy is the outbreak of criminal wars and large-scale criminal violence. Why did Mexican drug cartels go to war as the country transitioned away from one-party rule? And why have criminal wars proliferated as democracy has consolidated and elections have become more competitive subnationally? In Votes, Drugs, and Violence, Guillermo Trejo and Sandra Ley develop a political theory of criminal violence in weak democracies that elucidates how democratic politics and the fragmentation of power fundamentally shape cartels' incentives for war and peace. Drawing on in-depth case studies and statistical analysis spanning more than two decades and multiple levels of government, Trejo and Ley show that electoral competition and partisan conflict were key drivers of the outbreak of Mexico's crime wars, the intensification of violence, and the expansion of war and violence to the spheres of local politics and civil society.
Download or read book Law of Cartels written by Mark Jephcott and published by Jordans. This book was released on 2003 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The law relating to cartels has been radically changed by the Enterprise Act 2002, which came into force on 20th June 2003. Cartel participation has been criminalised and directors involved in cartels can now be disqualified for periods of up to 15 years. At the EC level, record levels of fines are now being imposed on cartelists. It is increasingly evident that the detection and punishment of price-fixing, market-sharing and collusive tendering are the number one priority for both the EC and UK competition authorities. Law of Cartels is the only book dedicated solely to this important area of competition law. It clearly sets out the legal principles governing cartels and the consequences of cartel-like behaviour. It also offers practical advice for both lawyers advising companies and company directors, such as guidance on dealing with cartel investigations by the competition authorities, guidance on implementing compliance programmes to reduce the risk of cartel activity taking place, and guidance on the options open to companies accused of being involved in cartels. This book is an invaluable resource for competition lawyers, regulatory and commercial lawyers, company and in-house lawyers. REVIEWS: excellent ... It has a practical focus. No serious practitioner in competition law should be without it and many general commercial practitioners will want a copy behind their desk ... well structured and easy to use ... an admirable work which brings an impressively clear and practical focus on this important area of law European Competition Law Review an excellent contribution to the law of cartels and deserves to be on the bookshelves of practitioners, academics and industrialists ICCLR
Download or read book Hard Core Cartels Recent progress and challenges ahead written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2003-05-27 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews progress in the fight against hard core cartels. It quantifies the harm caused by cartels and identifies improved methods of investigation. It also examines progress in strengthening sanctions against businesses and individuals.
Download or read book How Cartels Endure and how They Fail written by Peter Z. Grossman and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do some cartels fail and others succeed? This question has intrigued economists for a hundred years, and they have created an extensive body of theory to help explain cartel behaviour. This book looks at the experience of actual cartels and challenges their portrayal as found in the existing literature. The eleven chapters by leading researchers of industrial organization study real examples of industrial collusion. The authors investigate the formation, behaviour, activity and purpose of cartels, and illustrate the intricacies of collusive relationships. In the process they question the existing economic theory surrounding the operation of cartels, which in practice do not always adhere to the textbook models or to complex game theoretic rules. Although much economic research suggests that cartels are doomed to failure, the authors find that there are many examples of industries where cartels have succeeded in controlling prices and output over a prolonged period of time. The book is a groundbreaking attempt to study empirically a range of cartels throughout the world, providing both historical and contemporary examples of collusion to enrich the arguments. This book is written for academics, policymakers, lawyers and economists working in the fields of industrial organization and competition policy.
Download or read book A History of Business Cartels written by Martin Shanahan and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-05 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International cartels are powerful organizations that impact our everyday lives, although they are little known. This book presents 15 historical case studies of international cartels that include agricultural and mineral commodities, the machinery industry, telephone equipment, whiskey and cement. These cases reveal that international cartels manipulated prices and shared markets over many decades but that their real impact was far wider. The global convergence towards criminalizing serious cartel conduct has seen a revival in historical research on cartels and competition policy. The regulation of anti-competitive behaviour has changed over time. To understand why the US, European and other modern economies altered their policies through the 20th century, it is critical to understand when, how and why governments have interacted with, and been influenced by, business organizations such as cartels. This volume draws together researchers from different nations to examine the impact of international cartels on the experience of individual nations, those nations’ interactions with one or more international cartels, and ultimately the interactions of individual nations with the wider international community. This book will be of interest to researchers, academics and advanced students in the fields of business and economic history, political economy, and government policy, as well as those interested in cartels and their impact on the wider economy.
Download or read book Regulating Cartels in Europe written by Christopher Harding and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most contentious and high-profile aspects of EU competition law and policy has been the regulation of those serious competition or antitrust violations now often referred to as 'hard core cartels'. Such cartel activity typically involves large and powerful corporate producers and traders operating across Europe and beyond, and comprise practices such as price fixing, bid rigging, market sharing, and limiting production in order to ensure 'market stability' and maintain and increase profits. There is little disagreement now, in terms of competition theory and policy at both international and national levels, regarding the damaging effect of such trading practices on public and consumer interests, and such cartels have been subject to increasing condemnation in the legal process of regulating and protecting competition. Regulating Cartels in Europe provides critical evaluation of the way in which European-level regulation has evolved to deal with the activities of such anti-competitive business cartels. They trace the historical development of cartel regulation in Europe, comparing the more pragmatic and empirical approached favored in Europe with the more dogmatic and uncompromising American policy on cartels. In particular, the work considers critically the move towards the use of fully fledged criminal proceedings in this area of legal control, examining evolving aspects of enforcement policy such as the use of leniency programs and the deployment of a range of criminal law and other sanctions. This new edition of the work covers emerging themes and arguments in the discipline, including the judicial review of decisions against cartels, the criminological and legal basis of the criminalization of cartel conduct, and the range and effectiveness of sanctions used in response to cartel activity.
Download or read book Narconomics written by Tom Wainwright and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2016-02-23 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What drug lords learned from big business How does a budding cartel boss succeed (and survive) in the 300 billion illegal drug business? By learning from the best, of course. From creating brand value to fine-tuning customer service, the folks running cartels have been attentive students of the strategy and tactics used by corporations such as Walmart, McDonald's, and Coca-Cola. And what can government learn to combat this scourge? By analyzing the cartels as companies, law enforcers might better understand how they work—and stop throwing away 100 billion a year in a futile effort to win the “war” against this global, highly organized business. Your intrepid guide to the most exotic and brutal industry on earth is Tom Wainwright. Picking his way through Andean cocaine fields, Central American prisons, Colorado pot shops, and the online drug dens of the Dark Web, Wainwright provides a fresh, innovative look into the drug trade and its 250 million customers. The cast of characters includes “Bin Laden,” the Bolivian coca guide; “Old Lin,” the Salvadoran gang leader; “Starboy,” the millionaire New Zealand pill maker; and a cozy Mexican grandmother who cooks blueberry pancakes while plotting murder. Along with presidents, cops, and teenage hitmen, they explain such matters as the business purpose for head-to-toe tattoos, how gangs decide whether to compete or collude, and why cartels care a surprising amount about corporate social responsibility. More than just an investigation of how drug cartels do business, Narconomics is also a blueprint for how to defeat them.
Download or read book Cartel written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-01-19 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Cartel A cartel is a group of independent market participants who collude with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate the market. A cartel is an organization formed by producers to limit competition and increase prices by creating artificial shortages through low production quotas, stockpiling, and marketing quotas. Cartels can be vertical or horizontal but are inherently unstable due to the temptation to defect and falling prices for all members. Additionally, advancements in technology or the emergence of substitutes may undermine cartel pricing power, leading to the breakdown of the cooperation needed to sustain the cartel. Cartels are usually associations in the same sphere of business, and thus an alliance of rivals. Most jurisdictions consider it anti-competitive behavior and have outlawed such practices. Cartel behavior includes price fixing, bid rigging, and reductions in output. The doctrine in economics that analyzes cartels is cartel theory. Cartels are distinguished from other forms of collusion or anti-competitive organization such as corporate mergers. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Cartel Chapter 2: Oligopoly Chapter 3: International Air Transport Association Chapter 4: United States antitrust law Chapter 5: Price fixing Chapter 6: Collusion Chapter 7: Anti-competitive practices Chapter 8: Competition law Chapter 9: Decartelization Chapter 10: Market power Chapter 11: Market concentration Chapter 12: Ultra-imperialism Chapter 13: Lysine price-fixing conspiracy Chapter 14: Economic law Chapter 15: George W. Stocking Sr. Chapter 16: State cartel theory Chapter 17: Holm Arno Leonhardt Chapter 18: Cartel theory Chapter 19: Compulsory cartel Chapter 20: Cartel seat (monument) Chapter 21: Margaret Levenstein (II) Answering the public top questions about cartel. (III) Real world examples for the usage of cartel in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Cartel.
Download or read book Horizontal Agreements and Cartels in EU Competition Law written by Frank Wijckmans and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigating, dissolving, and punishing cartels is increasingly a top priority for the European Commission and for national competition authorities. This work offers the most up-to-date and comprehensive examination of the substantive law and procedure of EU competition law as it applies to cartels as well as to other horizontal agreements. This unique work supplies the views of both private practitioners and public enforcers. The private practitioners discuss their day-to-day experience and share the insights which they believe their fellow-practitioners should be aware of. The public enforcers act in tandem with the private practitioners and add in their contribution the specific points of attention which they recommend practitioners should take into account. The work sets out the ways in which a cartel is defined and organized, how a cartel may be detected and investigated, the issue of liability for cartels (including parental and successor liability), the various sanctions available to investigating authorities, and the prospects for private enforcement and damages actions brought by victims of cartels. It addresses the procedure before the European Commission and the European Courts. Finally, the book deals with information exchanges (including an economic perspective), joint R&D agreements, specialization agreements and other common types of horizontal agreements like joint purchasing, joint selling and standardization. Containing practical advice for practitioners, overviews of the various stages of cartel enforcement, procedural checklists, analysis of the most recent legislation including the new EU damages directive, and written by authors with extensive experience in advising the Commission's legal service in relation to competition law, this is the most comprehensive text available on cartels in EU competition law.
Download or read book EU Competition Law written by Armando Avallone and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
